食品科学 ›› 2013, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (22): 27-32.doi: 10.7506/spkx1002-6630-201322006

• 工艺技术 • 上一篇    下一篇

水酶法提取火麻籽油的工艺优化及其脂肪酸组成分析

王 欢,李 杨,江连洲,王 妍,王中江,冯红霞,冯 丹,刘海英   

  1. 1.东北农业大学食品学院,黑龙江 哈尔滨 150030;2.国家大豆工程技术研究中心,黑龙江 哈尔滨 150030
  • 收稿日期:2012-11-22 修回日期:2013-10-13 出版日期:2013-11-25 发布日期:2013-12-05
  • 通讯作者: 江连洲 E-mail:jlzname@163.com
  • 基金资助:

    黑龙江省攻关项目;国家现代农业产业技术体系建设项目

Optimization of Aqueous Enzymatic Extraction of Hemp Seed Oil and Analysis of Its Fatty Acid Composition

WANG Huan,LI Yang,JIANG Lian-zhou,WANG Yan,WANG Zhong-jiang,FENG Hong-xia,FENG Dan,LIU Hai-ying   

  1. 1. College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China;
    2. National Soybean Engineering Technology Research Center, Harbin 150030, China
  • Received:2012-11-22 Revised:2013-10-13 Online:2013-11-25 Published:2013-12-05

摘要:

以去皮火麻籽为原料,采用多种酶(Protex 6L、Protex 7L、Alcalase 2.4L、Viscozyme L、八宝威2X) 对火麻仁原料进行水解,提取游离油,油得率分别是3.62%、36.88%、17.05%、50.98%、33.33%。以分别得到的乳状液、水解液、沉淀中油含量作为分析依据,选出Viscozyme L酶为最优使用酶。以游离油得率为指标、用响应面法进行优化,确定最优水酶法提取火麻仁游离油工艺条件为加酶量7000U/g、酶解温度60℃、pH5、料液比1:6、酶解时间3h。通过气相色谱法共分析出11种脂肪酸,其中饱和脂肪酸以棕榈酸、花生酸、硬脂酸为主,不饱和脂肪酸以油酸、亚油酸、α-亚麻酸为主,其中亚油酸含量最多,相对含量约为47.5%。

关键词: 火麻籽, 水酶法, 油得率, 响应面分析, 脂肪酸含量

Abstract:

The yields of hemp seed oil from peeled hemp seeds by aqueous enzymatic extraction with Protex 6L, Protex 7L,
Alcalase 2.4L, Viscozyme L and Babaowei 2X were 3.62%, 36.88%, 17.05%, 50.98%, and 33.33%, respectively. Viscozyme L
was chosen as the best enzyme according to the oil contents in the emulsions, hydrolysates and precipitates. The enzymatic
hydrolysis process was optimized by response surface methodology to obtain maximum free oil yield. As a result, the optimal
hydrolysis conditions were determined as 7000 U/g of enzyme dosage, 60 ℃, initial pH 5, 1:6 of solid/liquid ratio and 3 h.
By using GC analysis, 11 fatty acids were detected in the seed oil, including saturated fatty acids (mainly palmitic, arachidic
and stearic acid) and unsaturated fatty acids (mainly oleic, linoleic and α-linolenic acid). Among these fatty acids, the most
abundant was linoleic acid with a relative content of 47.5%.

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