食品科学

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我国葡萄酒中布鲁塞尔酒香酵母的检测和鉴定

曹培鑫1,马 涛1,杨凯迪1,刘延琳1,2,*   

  1. 1.西北农林科技大学葡萄酒学院,陕西 杨凌 712100;2.陕西省葡萄与葡萄酒工程技术研究中心,陕西 杨凌 712100
  • 出版日期:2015-12-15 发布日期:2015-12-24

Detection and Identification of Dekkera bruxellensis in Chinese Wines

CAO Peixin1, MA Tao1, YANG Kaidi1, LIU Yanlin1,2,*   

  1. 1. College of Enology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China;
    2. Shaanxi Engineering Research Center for Wine and Viticulture, Yangling 712100, China
  • Online:2015-12-15 Published:2015-12-24

摘要:

为快速且准确地检测葡萄酒中布鲁塞尔酒香酵母的存在情况,本研究比较了酒香酵母鉴别培养基(Dekkera bruxellensis differential medium,DBDM)和WLN(wallersteins laboratory nurtrient)培养基分离检测布鲁塞尔酒香酵母的效果,并利用特异聚合酶链式反应(polymerase chain reaction,PCR)扩增法对上述两种培养基的分离检测效果作了进一步验证。结果表明,上述两种培养基均能对葡萄酒中的布鲁塞尔酒香酵母进行分离鉴别,而DBDM培养基较少出现假阳性菌落,具有更好的选择性,结合特异PCR扩增可准确鉴定布鲁塞尔酒香酵母。此外,利用DBDM培养基结合特异PCR扩增法对国内5 个主要葡萄酒产区的酒样进行布鲁塞尔酒香酵母感染情况的调查发现,河北、山东和吉林的葡萄酒中存在布鲁塞尔酒香酵母感染的情况,尤其是在橡木桶中陈酿的葡萄酒。因此,国内葡萄酒行业应对酒香酵母感染问题足够重视。

关键词: 葡萄酒, 布鲁塞尔酒香酵母, 鉴别培养基, 检测鉴定

Abstract:

Dekkera bruxellensis is one of the major spoilage microorganisms in wines. In order to detect Dekkera
bruxellensis in wines rapidly and accurately, the separation and detection efficiency of Dekkera bruxellensis using differential
medium (DBDM) and Wallerstein nutrient (WLN) medium were compared. A specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR)
assay was also used to further testify the results. The results showed that both DBDM and WLN could be useful to detect
Dekkera bruxellensis in wines, while DBDM was more selective to identify Dekkera bruxellensis accurately when combined
with the specific PCR. The application of DBDM combined with the specific PCR to investigate the infection of Dekkera
bruxellensis in wines from five major producing regions in China showed that among the investigated regions, Dekkera
bruxellensis spoilage was found in wines from three regions including Hebei, Shandong and Jilin, especially in the wines
aged in oak barrels. Therefore, the Chinese wine industry should pay much attention to the issue of Dekkera bruxellensis
spoilage.

Key words: wine, Dekkera bruxellensis, differential medium, detection and identification

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