食品科学

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新疆引进红枣中微量元素和重金属含量的测定与聚类分析

蒋 卉1,韩爱芝2,蔡雨晴1,白红进1,*   

  1. 1.塔里木大学生命科学学院,新疆生产建设兵团塔里木盆地生物资源保护利用重点实验室,新疆 阿拉尔 843300;
    2.塔里木大学分析测试中心,新疆 阿拉尔 843300
  • 出版日期:2016-03-25 发布日期:2016-03-18

Determination and Clustering Analysis of Microelements and Heavy Metals in Introduced Varieties of Jujube in Xinjiang

JIANG Hui1, HAN Aizhi2, CAI Yuqing1, BAI Hongjin1,*   

  1. 1. Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps Key Laboratory of Protection and Utilization of Biological Resources in Tarim Basin, College of Life Sciences, Tarim University, Alar 843300, China;
    2. Analysis and Test Center, Tarim University, Alar 843300, China
  • Online:2016-03-25 Published:2016-03-18

摘要:

为评价引进红枣果实元素的营养价值,以塔里木盆地50 种内地引进嫁接2 a后生红枣品种的成熟果实为试材,分别采用火焰原子吸收光谱法、石墨炉原子吸收光谱法和原子荧光光谱法测定Fe、Zn、Mn、Cu、Ca、Se 6 种有益元素和Cd、As、Hg、Pb 4 种有害元素的含量,并根据红枣中元素种类和含量的不同,采用SPSS 19.0软件欧氏距离法对红枣品种进行了聚类分析。结果表明:50 个红枣品种均含有丰富的微量元素,其中蛤蟆枣中Ca元素和Fe元素的含量最高,Se元素含量普遍较低。除了义乌大枣和蛤蟆枣红枣中Hg元素含量略高以外,其他供试红枣品种中Cd、Hg、As和Pb 4 种有害元素的含量均符合GB 2762—2012《食品中污染物限量》要求。结论:引进红枣品种果实中微量元素种类多、含量高,安全性高,研究结果可为红枣专属品种选育和药食同源产品开发提供科学依据。

关键词: 红枣, 微量元素, 微波消解, 原子吸收光谱法, 聚类分析

Abstract:

The goal of this study was to evaluate nutritional and medicinal values of trace elements in fruits of fifty grafted
jujube varieties introduced in Tarim Basin, Xinjiang. The contents of ten trace elements including six beneficial elements
such as Fe, Zn, Mn, Cu, Ca and Se as well as four harmful elements such as Cd, As, Hg and Pb were measured by atomic
absorption spectrophotometry and atomic fluorescence spectrophotometry, respectively. Based on changes in trace element
contents, cluster analysis of jujube varieties was conducted using Euclidean distance. The results showed that all 50 jujube
varieties tested were rich in microelements. Among the ten elements analyzed, the contents of Ca and Fe in “Hama” jujube
were the highest, while Se was less abundant than other elements. The contents of four harmful elements were lower than
the maximum levels stipulated in the Chinese National Standard (GB 2762—2012) except for slightly higher contents of Hg
in “Yiwu Dazao” and “Jinling Changzao” jujubes. Conclusions: Fifty introduced jujube varieties contain multiple beneficial
microelements at relatively high contents with high safety. The results can provide a basis for breeding special jujube
varieties suitable for developing medicinal and edible products in the future.

Key words: Zizyphus jujuba Mill., microelements, microwave digestion, atomic absorption spectrometry, cluster analysis

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