食品科学 ›› 2017, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (17): 60-65.doi: 10.7506/spkx1002-6630-201717011

• 基础研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

氯化钠、蔗糖和碳酸钠对芡实淀粉糊化特性的影响

陈学玲,关 健,梅 新,施建斌,蔡 沙,何建军*   

  1. 湖北省农业科学院农产品加工与核农技术研究所,湖北 武汉 430064
  • 出版日期:2017-09-15 发布日期:2017-09-12
  • 基金资助:
    “十二五”国家科技支撑计划项目(2012BAD27B03)

Effects of NaCl, Sucrose and Na2CO3 on Pasting Properties of Starch from Seeds of Euryale ferox Salisb.

CHEN Xueling, GUAN Jian, MEI Xin, SHI Jianbin, CAI Sha, HE Jianjun*   

  1. Institute for Farm Products Processing and Nuclear-agricultural Technology,Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430064, China
  • Online:2017-09-15 Published:2017-09-12

摘要: 研究氯化钠、蔗糖和碳酸钠对芡实淀粉糊化特性的影响规律。采用差示扫描量热法等方法测定了不同质量分数氯化钠(1%、2%、3%、4%、5%)、蔗糖(4%、8%、12%、16%、20%)和碳酸钠(0.5%、1.0%、1.5%、2.0%、2.5%)对芡实淀粉的糊化温度、溶解度、膨胀度、冻融稳定性等糊化特性的影响。结果发现,氯化钠、蔗糖和碳酸钠均提高了芡实淀粉的糊化温度。原芡实淀粉透明度为1.3%,氯化钠的加入降低了透明度,而蔗糖和碳酸钠则提高其透明度。氯化钠、蔗糖和碳酸钠均增加了芡实淀粉糊的膨胀度和溶解度,并均降低其冻融稳定性。在凝沉性方面,三者表现不一,低含量的氯化钠(1%~3%)和碳酸钠(0.5%~1.5%)均有利于芡实淀粉糊的稳定;高含量的氯化钠(4%~5%)和碳酸钠(2.0%~2.5%)均促使淀粉糊凝沉增加,降低稳定性;而蔗糖则提高了芡实淀粉糊的凝沉稳定性。由此可见,在芡实淀粉糊化过程中,氯化钠、蔗糖和碳酸钠三者对其糊化特性的影响显著。

关键词: 芡实, 淀粉, 糊化特性, 差示扫描量热法

Abstract: The effects of NaCl, sucrose and Na2CO3 on pasting properties of starch from the seeds of Euryale ferox Salisb. were investigated. Pasting temperature, solubility, swelling power, freeze-thaw stability and other pasting properties were determined by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and other methods in the presence of various NaCl (1%, 2%, 3%, 4%, 5%, m/m), sucrose (4%, 8%, 12%, 16%, 20%, m/m) and Na2CO3 (0.5%, 1.0%, 1.5%, 2.0%, 2.5%, m/m) concentrations. Pasting temperature, swelling power and solubility of the starch were increased and freeze-thaw stability was decreased by the addition of NaCl, sucrose and Na2CO3 at all concentrations. Light transmittance of the starch paste was 1.3%, and it decreased in the presence of NaCl, but increased in the presence of sucrose and Na2CO3. In addition, low contents of NaCl (1%–3%) and Na2CO3 (0.5%–1.5%) were favorable for the stability of the starch paste. High contents of NaCl (4%–5%) and Na2CO3 (2.0%–2.5%) increased retrogradation and consequently reduced stability, while sucrose increased the stability of the starch paste. Therefore, NaCl, sucrose and Na2CO3 all had significant impacts on gelatinization properties of the starch.

Key words: Euryale ferox Salisb., starch, pasting properties, differential scanning calorimetry

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