食品科学 ›› 2019, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (11): 116-123.doi: 10.7506/spkx1002-6630-20180504-049

• 食品工程 • 上一篇    下一篇

发酵和加工对桑椹抗氧化和降血糖作用的影响

龙晓珊,胡腾根,邹宇晓,廖森泰*,王思远,林光月,黎尔纳,刘 凡,李 倩   

  1. 广东省农业科学院蚕业与农产品加工研究所,农业农村部功能食品重点实验室,广东省农产品加工重点实验室,广东 广州 510610
  • 出版日期:2019-06-15 发布日期:2019-06-28
  • 基金资助:
    公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201403064);现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-18);广东省科技计划项目(2015A030302049;2017B020207006);广东省现代农业产业技术体系创新团队项目(2016LM1087;2016LM2151);广州市产学研协同创新重大专项(201604046016);广东省农业科学院学科团队建设项目(201607TD);中山市科技计划项目(2016A1033)

Effect of Fermentation and Processing on Antioxidant and Hypoglycemic Activity of Mulberry Fruit

LONG Xiaoshan, HU Tenggen, ZOU Yuxiao, LIAO Sentai*, WANG Siyuan, LIN Guangyue, LI Erna, LIU Fan, LI Qian   

  1. Key Laboratory of Functional Food, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Processing, Sericultural & Agri-food Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510610, China
  • Online:2019-06-15 Published:2019-06-28

摘要: 目的:研究发酵和加工处理对桑椹抗氧化和降血糖作用的影响。方法:测定桑椹原粉(mulberry powder,MP)、桑椹发酵液(fermented mulberry,FM)、桑椹发酵液冻干粉(freeze-dried fermented mulberry,D(FM))、桑椹发酵液添加黄豆辅料后的冻干粉(freeze-dried fermented mulberry mixed with soybean,D(FM+S))的单糖含量、菌落总数以及2,2’-联氨-双-3-乙基苯并噻唑啉-6-磺酸(2,2’-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonate),ABTS)阳离子自由基、1,1-二苯基-2-三硝基苯肼(1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl,DPPH)自由基、羟自由基清除率和亚铁离子螯合能力、α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制率的变化。结果:桑椹经发酵、冷冻干燥处理后,基本检测不到果糖和葡萄糖;D(FM)中肠膜明串珠菌和酵母菌的存活率分别为54.77%、53.40%,而D(FM+S)中两种菌的存活率都达到90%以上,说明添加黄豆辅料减少了冷冻干燥过程中益生菌的损失。ABTS阳离子自由基清除能力由强到弱依次为D(FM)>D(FM+S)>MP>FM;DPPH、羟自由基清除率以及亚铁离子螯合能力呈现出一致的趋势:D(FM)和D(FM+S)清除能力最强,其次为MP,FM最弱。MP、FM、D(FM)、D(FM+S)对α-葡萄糖苷酶的半抑制浓度分别为0.58、0.53、0.19、0.31 mg /mL,D(FM)和D(FM+S)对α-葡萄糖苷酶的抑制效果优于MP和FM。结论:桑椹发酵和加工处理得到的冻干粉抗氧化能力和降血糖作用都比FM和未发酵的MP强。

关键词: 桑椹, 单糖, 菌落总数, 抗氧化作用, 降血糖作用

Abstract: Objective: To study the effect of fermentation and processing on the antioxidant and hypoglycemic activity of mulberry fruit. Methods: The monosaccharide content, microbial populations and scavenging capacity against 2,2’-azinobis- (3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonate) (ABTS), 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and hydroxyl radicals, ferrous ion chelating power and alpha-glucosidase inhibitory activity of mulberry powder (MP), fermented mulberry (FM), freeze-dried fermented mulberry (D (FM)) and freeze-dried fermented mulberry mixed with soybean (D (FM + S)) were determined. Results: After fermentation and freeze-drying of mulberry, its fructose and glucose levels decreased to zero. The survival rates of Leuconstoc mesenteroides and Saccharomyces cerevisiae in D (FM) were 54.77% and 53.40%, respectively, while those in D (FM + S) were both more than 90%, implying that the presence of soybean resulted in reduced loss of probiotics during the freeze drying process. The ABTS radical scavenging capacity of these samples followed the decreasing order of D (FM) > D (FM + S) > MP > FM. Consistent trends were observed for DPPH and hydroxyl radical scavenging capacity and ferrous ion chelating power. Both D (FM) and D (FM + S) were ranked the highest, followed by MP, and FM was the weakest. The IC50 values for inhibition of alpha-glucosidase by MP, FM, D (FM) and D (FM + S) were 0.58, 0.53, 0.19 and 0.31 mg/mL, respectively, which indicates that the inhibitory effect of D (FM) and D (FM + S) was better than that of the other samples. Conclusion: Frozen-dried fermented mulberry mixed with soybean has stronger antioxidant and hypoglycemic effects than both fermented and unfermented mulberry.

Key words: mulberry, monosaccharide, microbial populations, antioxidant effect, hypoglycemic effect

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