食品科学 ›› 2019, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (3): 330-337.doi: 10.7506/spkx1002-6630-20180827-282

• 专题论述 • 上一篇    下一篇

酵母菌对重金属的吸附与抗性和解毒重金属的胞内分子机制研究进展

李丽杰1,贺?敏2,贺银凤1,*,孙?禹1   

  1. (1.内蒙古农业大学食品科学与工程学院,内蒙古?呼和浩特 010018;2.内蒙古包头市疾病预防控制中心,内蒙古?包头 014030)
  • 出版日期:2019-02-15 发布日期:2019-03-05
  • 基金资助:
    内蒙古自然科学基金项目(2017MS0324)

Recent Advances in Understanding the Adsorption and Resistance of Yeast to Heavy Metals and Molecular Mechanism for Intracellular?Detoxification of Heavy Metals

LI Lijie1, HE Min2, HE Yinfeng1,*, SUN Yu1   

  1. (1. College of Food Science and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China; 2. Baotou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Baotou 014030, China)
  • Online:2019-02-15 Published:2019-03-05

摘要: 利用有益的酵母菌去除食品基质、动物及人体的重金属污染是近年的研究热点。本文概述了多种酵母菌吸附及抗重金属的情况,并对酵母菌在重金属胁迫下的胞内解毒机制进行分析,包括谷胱甘肽合成的解毒机制、与酵母菌解毒重金属相关的基因和蛋白、转运蛋白介导的细胞内重金属的排出和液泡隔离机制及金属硫蛋白和植物螯合肽对重金属的螯合作用,重点从分子角度分析了酵母菌对重金属的解毒机制,归纳了解毒过程中关键性的基因和蛋白质以及它们的功能作用,旨在为酵母菌作为生物吸附剂应用于生态环境、被重金属污染的发酵食品及动物和人体提供依据。

关键词: 酵母菌, 重金属, 生物吸附, 抗性, 解毒机制

Abstract: The use of beneficial yeasts for removing heavy metal contamination from foods and reducing the health risk of heavy metals to humans and animals has become a research hotspot in recent years. This article summarizes recent progress in understanding the heavy metal adsorption capacity of yeast and its resistance to heavy metals. Moreover, this article analyzes the mechanisms of intracellular detoxification of heavy metals in yeast principally at the molecular level with respect to glutathione synthesis, the genes and proteins associated with yeast detoxification of heavy metals, vacuolar sequestration of heavy metals and other transporter systems, and heavy metal chelation by metallothioneins and phytochelatins. Meanwhile, the key genes and proteins and their functional roles in the process of detoxification are also outlined. The aim is to provide theoretical evidence that supports the potential of yeast as a biosorbent in ecological environment protection and in reducing heavy metal contamination in fermented foods as well as the health hazards of heavy metals in humans and animals.

Key words: yeast, heavy metal, biosorption, resistance, detoxification mechanism

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