食品科学 ›› 2020, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (7): 218-227.doi: 10.7506/spkx1002-6630-20190225-174

• 专题论述 • 上一篇    下一篇

纳米金的合成及其在重金属离子检测中的应用进展

刘丰源,辛嘉英,孙立瑞,王艳,夏春谷   

  1. (1.哈尔滨商业大学 省高校食品科学与工程重点实验室,黑龙江 哈尔滨 150076;2.中国科学院兰州化学物理研究所,羰基合成与选择氧化国家重点实验室,甘肃 兰州 730000)
  • 出版日期:2020-04-15 发布日期:2020-04-20
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金面上项目(21573055)

Recent Progress in Synthesis of Gold Nanoparticles and Its Application in Detection of Heavy Metal Ions

LIU Fengyuan, XIN Jiaying, SUN Lirui, WANG Yan, XIA Chungu   

  1. (1. Local Key Laboratory of Food Science and Engineering, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin 150076, China; 2. State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China)
  • Online:2020-04-15 Published:2020-04-20

摘要: 重金属离子可通过食品、空气、饮用水进入人体,它们不可降解,可在生物体中累积,对环境和人类健康构成严重威胁。传统重金属离子检测方法繁琐耗时、成本高且便携性差,因此开发快速简便且可实现现场检测的方法意义重大。纳米金除了具有比表面效应、量子尺寸效应等一般纳米材料具有的特性之外,还具有良好的生物相容性和独特的光学性质,在重金属离子的检测中表现出巨大的应用前景。本文综述了几种典型纳米金的合成方法,根据纳米金的光学性质分别综述了纳米金表面等离子体共振、动态光散射、表面增强拉曼散射、表面增强荧光、金标试纸条和纳米金手性传感技术在重金属离子检测中的研究进展,对它们的检测原理、应用及优缺点进行了分析,为食品、环境、饮用水及具体样品中重金属离子的检测提供参考。

关键词: 纳米金, 合成, 光学性质, 重金属离子检测

Abstract: Heavy metal ions can enter the human body through foods, air and drinking water. They are non-degradable and can accumulate in living organisms, posing a serious threat to the environment and human health. As the methods traditionally used for the detection of heavy metal ions are cumbersome, time consuming, costly, and poorly portable, it is of great significance to develop quick, convenient and on-site detection methods. In addition to the characteristics of general nano-materials such as specific surface effect and quantum size effect, gold nanoparticles (GNPs) also have good biocompatibility and unique optical properties, thereby showing great application prospects in the detection of heavy metal ions. In this paper, we summarize the methods for the synthesis of several typical GNPs, and we review recent progress in applying surface plasmon resonance (SPR), dynamic light scattering, surface-enhanced Raman scattering, surface-enhanced fluorescence, gold test strip and GNPs chiral sensing technology in the detection of heavy metal ions based on the optical properties of GNPs. The principles of these technologies as well as their advantages and drawbacks are analyzed in order to provide useful information for the detection of heavy metal ions in foods, the environment, drinking water and specific samples.

Key words: gold nanoparticles, synthesis, optical properties, heavy metal ion detection

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