食品科学 ›› 2019, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (3): 30-35.doi: 10.7506/spkx1002-6630-20171016-118

• 基础研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

牛油果中植物甾醇的鉴定及抗氧化、抑菌活性

田丹丹1,2,李?艳1,梅晓宏1,2,*   

  1. (1.中国农业大学食品科学与营养工程学院,北京 100083;2.农业部农业转基因生物安全评价(食用)重点实验室,北京 100083)
  • 出版日期:2019-02-15 发布日期:2019-03-05
  • 基金资助:
    2017年国家农产品质量安全风险评估项目(GJFP201701501)

Identification, Antioxidant and Antibacterial Activity of Phytosterols in Avocado

TIAN Dandan1,2, LI Yan1, MEI Xiaohong1,2,*   

  1. (1. College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China;2. Key Laboratory of Safety Assessment of Genetically Modified Organism (Food Safety), Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100083, China)
  • Online:2019-02-15 Published:2019-03-05

摘要: 以牛油果为原料,采用皂化法提取牛油果中植物甾醇,并对牛油果中植物甾醇种类、含量、抗氧化活性及抑菌活性进行分析研究。采用气相色谱-串联质谱联用法鉴定出牛油果中4?种主要植物甾醇:β-谷甾醇、菜油甾醇、胆固醇、豆甾醇,其含量分别为59.47、30.36、15.34、2.72?mg/100?g。以VE为对照,测定并分析了牛油果中植物甾醇对自由基(1,1-二苯基-2-三硝基苯肼(1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl,DPPH)自由基、羟自由基(·OH)及超氧阴离子自由基(O2-·))的清除能力。植物甾醇对DPPH自由基、·OH、O2-·具有明显的清除效果,半数抑制浓度分别为6.82、35.92、17.08?μg/mL。采用抑菌圈法分析了甾醇粗提物对大肠杆菌、枯草芽孢杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌和沙门氏菌的抑菌活性。抑制作用强度依次为枯草芽孢杆菌>金黄色葡萄球菌>沙门氏菌>大肠杆菌,表明牛油果植物甾醇具有较好的抑菌活性。

关键词: 牛油果, 植物甾醇, 抗氧化活性, 抑菌活性

Abstract: The phytosterols extracted from avocado using saponification method were qualitatively and quantitatively analyzed and their antioxidant and antibacterial activity were studied. β-Sitosterol, campesterol, cholesterol and stigmasterol were detected at levels of 59.47, 30.36, 15.34, and 2.72 mg/100 g in the phytosterols by gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS), respectively. The phytosterols had significant scavenging capacity against 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical, hydroxyl radical and superoxide anion radical with half maximal inhibitory concentration of 6.82, 35.92 and 17.08 μg/mL, respectively, using VE as the control. The antibacterial activity of the phytosterols against three tested strains, as determined by inhibition zone method, was in the descending order of Bacillus subtilis > Staphylococcus aureus > Salmonella > Escherichia coli, indicating that the phytosterols from avocado had good antibacterial activity.

Key words: avocado, phytosterol, antioxidant activity, antibacterial activity

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