关键词: 枇杷, 三萜酸, 黄酮类, 苦杏仁苷, 止咳作用, 抗氧化活性, 抗肿瘤活性

Abstract: As a traditional Chinese medicinal and culinary plant, Eriobotrya japonica always plays a significant part in human life. Its fruit taste both sweet and sour and are rich in nutrients. Its leaves have been used as a folk medicine for the treatment of cough and pulmonary heat in China since the Wei, Jin and Northern and Southern dynasties, and today still play an important role in treating cough as Pipa syrup and confection. With the development of scientific research, the types, contents and bioactivities of functional components in loquat leaves, flowers, fruit and seeds have been progressively unraveled. This paper mainly reviews recent studies on the functional components and bioactivities of loquat and the patterns of their changes, in order to provide a theoretical guidance for the application of loquat to develop new medicine and healthcare products.

Key words: Eriobotrya iaponica, triterpenes, flavonoids, amygdalin, antitussive activity, antioxidant activity, antitumor activity