食品科学 ›› 2010, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (1): 295-299.doi: 10.7506/spkx1002-6630-201001068

• 专题论述 • 上一篇    

灵芝多糖的研究进展

毛 健1,2,马海乐1,*   

  1. 1.江苏大学食品与生物工程学院 2. 江南大学食品学院
  • 收稿日期:2009-10-23 出版日期:2010-01-01 发布日期:2014-05-19
  • 通讯作者: 马海乐1,* E-mail:mhl@uis.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:

    国家“863”计划项目(2007AA10Z346)

Research Progress of Ganoderma lucidum Polysaccharides

MAO Jian1,2,MA Hai-le1,*   

  1. (1. School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China;
    2. School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China)
  • Received:2009-10-23 Online:2010-01-01 Published:2014-05-19
  • Contact: MA Hai-le1,* E-mail:mhl@uis.edu.cn

摘要:

灵芝多糖是灵芝的主要活性成分,近年来以其独特的保健功能成为研究的热点。灵芝多糖结构如分子量、单糖组成和糖苷键类型等,对其活性影响很大,本文列举了灵芝多糖结构通用的检测方法。已有实验证实,灵芝多糖的生物保健功能主要体现在降血糖、降血脂、抗肿瘤、提高免疫力和抗氧化方面,由于固态栽培灵芝有诸多因素的制约,液体发酵培养成为获取灵芝多糖的主要手段,而液态发酵条件的优化研究主要集中于种子的培养、碳源氮源的选择及微量微量元素的添加。传统提取灵芝多糖的方法如热水浸提法、碱提取法,有提取时间长、提取效率不高的缺点,而利用超声波辅助提取多糖受到人们的关注,并和传统提取方法做了比较,显示了这种方法的广阔应用前景。

关键词: 灵芝, 多糖, 化学结构, 发酵

Abstract:

Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides as the major bioactive components have been attracted tremendous attentions due to their unique health functions. Biological activities and health functions of polysaccharides from Ganoderma lucidum have close relationships with their chemical structures such as molecular weight, glycosidic bond type and polysaccharide composition. Extensive investigations reported that polysaccharides from Ganoderma lucidum played important roles in reducing blood glucose and blood lipid, anti-tumor, immunoregulation and antioxidation functions. Due to many restriction factors of solid cultivation, liquid fermentation has become a major method for producing Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides. However, the optimization of fermentation conditions is one of the critical factors for mass production of Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides. Traditional extraction methods for Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides such as hot-water extraction and alkaline extraction have the drawbacks of time-consuming and low extraction efficiency. However, ultrasonic-assisted extraction can remedy those defects, and therefore has attracted more and more attentions.

Key words: Ganoderma lucidum, polysaccharide, chemical structure, fermentation

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