食品科学 ›› 2008, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (5): 73-77.

• 基础研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

热处理下的猪肉蛋白质特性

 王振宇, 刘欢, 马俪珍, 马长伟   

  1. 中国农业大学食品科学与营养工程学院; 天津农学院食品科学系; 中国农业大学食品科学与营养工程学院;
  • 出版日期:2008-05-15 发布日期:2011-08-26

Characteristics of Porcine Proteins by Heat Treatment

 WANG  Zhen-Yu, LIU  Huan, MA  Li-Zhen, MA  Chang-Wei   

  1. 1.College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering,China Agricultural University;2.Department of Food Science and Technology,Tianjin Agricultural College
  • Online:2008-05-15 Published:2011-08-26

摘要: 在加热的条件下,猪肉蛋白质发生热变性和热降解。加热使猪肉中心温度分别达到40、50、60、70、80、90、98℃,且持续0、10、20min,采用SDS-PAGE电泳分析不同温度处理下猪肉的可溶性肌浆蛋白和肌原纤维蛋白的变化。结果显示,随着加热温度的升高,猪肉的可溶性肌浆蛋白随之降解,而可溶性肌原纤维蛋白的含量呈先升高后下降的趋势,其中,分子量为34kD和37kD的肌联蛋白是热稳定性蛋白,43kD的G-肌动蛋白较稳定,而肌球蛋白重链(190~200kD)在加热至60℃时开始降解。因此,可以通过不同的蛋白条带鉴定猪肉加热的最终温度。另外,采用蒸、炒、炸、烤、微波和煮的方式加热不同组织的猪肉,采用SDS-PAGE电泳分析不同加热方式处理下猪肉的可溶性肌浆蛋白和肌原纤维蛋白的变化,发现加热方式对猪肉加热升温速率影响很大,微波加热升温最快,裹粉油炸升温最慢。

关键词: 猪肉蛋白质, 热处理, 肌浆蛋白, 肌原纤维蛋白, 聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳

Abstract: Proteolysis and denaturation of porcine proteins on heating were investigated.Porcine muscles were heated to different end internal temperatures(EIT,40 ℃,50 ℃,60 ℃,70 ℃,80 ℃,90 ℃,98 ℃) for 0,10 and 20 min,respectively.Sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis(SDS-PAGE) was used to qualitatively assess the proteolysis and denatur-ation in sarcoplasmic and myofibrillar proteins of porcine muscles prepared by different heating methods.The results showed that the soluble sarcoplasmic proteins substantially decreased with increasing cooking temperature,whereas the soluble myofibrillar proteins increased below 60 ℃ and then reduced from 60 ℃ to 98 ℃.Two components of titin(34 kD and 37 kD) were thermostable proteins,the G-actin(43 kD) was less thermostable,and heavy chains of myosin degraded up to 60 ℃.Therefore EIT could be determined through the patterns of lanes by SDS-PAGE.On the other hand,different muscles of porcine were heated by various cooking methods(steam,pan fry,deep fry,baking,microwave and boiling),then the proteolysis and denaturation in sarcoplasmic and myofibrillar proteins of porcine muscles were investigated by SDS-PAGE.The results revealed that heating methods effected the proteolytic and denatural rate of porcine proteins significantly with microwave the fastest and deep fry the slowest.

Key words: porcine protein, heat treatment, sarcoplasmic, myofibrillar, SDS-PAGE