食品科学 ›› 2009, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (1 ): 122-127.doi: 10.7506/spkx1002-6630-200901029

• 基础研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

不同植物来源淀粉之间的理化性质的比较

袁美兰1,鲁战会2,程永强2,李里特2 ,*   

  1. 1.江西科技师范学院生命科学学院 2.中国农业大学食品科学与营养工程学院
  • 收稿日期:2007-10-06 出版日期:2009-01-01 发布日期:2010-12-29
  • 通讯作者: 李里特 E-mail:llt@cau.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:

    “十一五”国家科技支撑计划项目(2006BAD05A01)

Comparison Study on Physico-chemical Properties of Various Starches from Different Botanical Sources

YUAN Mei-lan1,LU Zhan-hui2,CHENG Yong-qiang2,LI Li-te2,*   

  1. (1.School of Life Science, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Nanchang 330013, China;
    2.College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China)
  • Received:2007-10-06 Online:2009-01-01 Published:2010-12-29
  • Contact: LI Li-te2 E-mail:llt@cau.edu.cn

摘要:

本研究比较了绿豆淀粉、马铃薯淀粉、红薯淀粉、大米淀粉及玉米淀粉的理化性质,结果如下:绿豆淀粉具有最高的直链淀粉渗滤和胶凝值,并且这两个指标均与表观和总直链淀粉含量呈高度的相关关系。尽管绿豆淀粉具有最高的直链淀粉含量,但它并不显示出热糊稳定性。红薯淀粉在加热过程中具有高的膨润力和峰值黏度、高的崩溃值以及低的离水率,这表明红薯淀粉颗粒在加热时能够自由膨胀,糊的热稳定性差,淀粉的老化速率较低,而大米淀粉则与红薯淀粉相反。五种淀粉具有不同的胶稠度,马铃薯淀粉最高,而大米淀粉最低。离水率与直链淀粉含量不呈现明显的相关关系,因此其值的大小可能受其他因素的影响。

关键词: 淀粉, 直链淀粉, 理化性质, 老化

Abstract:

Mung bean, potato, sweet potato, rice and corn starches were isolated and their physico-chemical properties were compared respectively. Amylose leaching and setback (SB) are the highest for mung bean starch, and they are both highly correlated to apparent and total amylose content. Though mung bean starch has the highest amylose content, yet it does not show thermalpaste stability. The results showed thatduring heating sweet potato starch granules swell rather freely with bad thermal-instability and low retrogradation, indicating hign swelling power, peak viscosity (PV) and breakdown (BD), and low syneresis of the sweet potato starch, while rice starch shows the inverse. The gel consistency is also different among various starches, with potato starch the highest, and rice starch the lowest. The syneresis shows no obvious correlationship with amylose content and seems to be affecfed by other factors.

Key words: starch, amylose, physico-chemical properties, retrogradation

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