食品科学

• 工艺技术 • 上一篇    下一篇

超声波辅助萃取油菜花挥发油及其化学成分的气质联用分析

杨月云,王小光,周 娟   

  1. 周口师范学院化学系,河南 周口 466001
  • 出版日期:2013-09-25 发布日期:2013-09-27

Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction and GC-MS Analysis of Volatile Oil from Rape Flowers

YANG Yue-yun,WANG Xiao-guang,ZHOU Juan   

  1. Department of Chemistry, Zhoukou Normal University, Zhoukou 466001, China
  • Online:2013-09-25 Published:2013-09-27

摘要:

为研究油菜花挥发成分,在单因素试验基础上,通过正交试验确定超声波辅助萃取油菜花的最佳工艺条件,即:超声萃取时间20min、超声频率60kHz、料液比l:40(g/mL),此条件下,得油率为8.12%。利用气相色谱-质谱联用法对油菜花挥发成分进行分析。共检测出116多种成分,鉴定并确定出其中75种化合物(未见文献报道),被鉴定物质相对含量占挥发成分总量的94.29%,其主要化合物为正四十四烷(31.67%)、正三十六烷(31.24%)、亚麻酸(12.00%)、棕榈酸(5.81%)、肉豆蔻酸(香料0.85%)、月桂酸(0.54%)、γ-亚麻酸(0.54%)、二十二碳六烯酸(0.53%)、异硫氰酸丁烯酯(0.2%)等。

关键词: 油菜花挥发油, 超声波辅助萃取, 气相色谱-质谱法

Abstract:

The volatile oil of rape flower was extracted by ultrasound-assisted extraction method and its chemical
composition was analyzed by GC-MS. Using an orthogonal array design, we determined the optimal extraction conditions
to be 20 min, 60 kHz and 1:40 (g/mL) for extraction time, ultrasound frequency and solid-to-solvent ratio, respectively. The
maximum yield of volatile oil under the optimized conditions was 8.12%. A total of 116 compounds were detected in the
volatile oil, of which 75 were identified for the first time, accounting for 94.29% of the total volatile compounds. The major
compounds identified were tetratetracontane (31.67%), hexatriacontane (31.24%), linolenic acid (12.00%), n-hexadecanoic
acid (5.81%), tetradecanoic acid (0.85%), dodecanoic acid (0.54%), gamolenic acid (0.54%), doconexent (0.53%), and allyl
isothiocyanate (0.2%).

Key words: volatile oil of rape flowers, ultrasound-assisted extraction, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS)