食品科学

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超临界萃取人参皂苷及HPLC分析

樊红秀,刘婷婷,刘鸿铖,崔海月,王大为   

  1. 吉林农业大学食品科学与工程学院,吉林 长春 130118
  • 出版日期:2013-10-25 发布日期:2013-09-28

Supercritical Fluid Extraction and HPLC Analysis of Ginsenosides

FAN Hong-xiu,LIU Ting-ting,LIU Hong-cheng,CUI Hai-yue,WANG Da-wei   

  1. College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
  • Online:2013-10-25 Published:2013-09-28

摘要:

采用超临界CO2萃取法提取人参中的人参皂苷,通过单因素试验探讨萃取方式、萃取温度、萃取时间、夹带剂用量以及萃取次数对人参皂苷提取率的影响,采用正交试验对超临界CO2萃取人参皂苷的工艺条件进行优化,并采用高效液相色谱法对萃取物中的人参皂苷单体Rg1、Re、Rb1、Rc、Rb2、Rd进行测定。结果表明:以100g人参粉为原料、70%乙醇溶液为夹带剂,采用预浸-动态萃取法,在萃取压力30MPa、萃取温度45℃、萃取时间4h、夹带剂用量200mL、萃取次数为2次的条件下进行超临界萃取,总皂苷的提取率可达到(1.1053±0.0491)%,其中人参皂苷单体Rg1、Re、Rb1、Rc、Rb2、Rd的提取率分别为(0.1862±0.0205)%、(0.1710±0.0114)%、(0.3656±0.0306)%、(0.1408±0.0033)%、(0.1370±0.0121)%、(0.1047±0.0061)%。超临界CO2萃取人参皂苷的提取率低于传统溶剂法,但其具有的分离工艺简单、无溶剂污染、保护热敏性物质等优点。

关键词: 超临界CO2萃取, 人参皂苷, 高效液相色谱法

Abstract:

The effects of five operating parameters including extraction methods, temperature, time, entrainer amount
and the number of repeated extractions on the yield of ginsenosides from Panax ginseng by supercritical carbon dioxide
extraction were investigated. An orthogonal array design was applied to optimize these parameters. Determination of
ginsenoside Rg1, Re, Rb1, Rc, Rb2 and Rd in extracts was performed by high performance liquid chromatography
(HPLC). The results indicated that the yield of total ginsenosides from 100 g of ginseng powder by pre-soaking combined
with dynamic extraction was (1.1053 ± 0.0491)%, and the yields of ginsenoside Rg1, Re, Rb1, Rc, Rb2 and Rd were
(0.1862 ± 0.0205)%, (0.1710 ± 0.0114)%, (0.3656 ± 0.0306)%, (0.1408 ± 0.0033)%, (0.1370 ± 0.0121)%,
(0.1047 ± 0.0061)%, respectively, when 200 mL of 70% ethanol was used as the entrainer for 4 h extraction at 30 MPa
and 45 ℃ repeated twice. Although the yield of ginsenosides by supercritical carbon dioxide extraction was relatively lower
compared with the conventional solvent extraction method, the advantages including simple separation procedure, no solvent
contamination and protecting heat-sensitive components were incomparable to other extraction methods.

Key words: supercritical carbon dioxide extraction, ginsenosides, high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)