食品科学

• 分析检测 • 上一篇    下一篇

稀酸浸提水产品中重金属铜、铅和镉

汪 慧1,2,江 涛1,唐 勇1,邹永德2,江天久1,*   

  1. 1.暨南大学生命科学技术学院,广东 广州 510632;2.南海出入境检验检疫局检测中心,广东 佛山 528200
  • 出版日期:2014-06-25 发布日期:2014-07-03
  • 通讯作者: 江天久 E-mail:tjiangtj@jnu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:

    国家高技术研究发展计划(863计划)项目(2008AA10Z427);国家海洋公益性行业科研专项(2008418100);
    广州科技计划项目(11C12070456)

Dilute Acid Extraction of Heavy Metals (Copper, Lead, and Cadmium) in Aquatic Products

WANG Hui1,2, JIANG Tao1, TANG Yong1, ZOU Yong-de2, JIANG Tian-jiu1,*   

  1. 1. College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China;
    2. Center of Test, Nanhai Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau, Foshan 528200, China
  • Online:2014-06-25 Published:2014-07-03
  • Contact: JIANG Tian-jiu1 E-mail:tjiangtj@jnu.edu.cn

摘要:

以常见的易受重金属污染的水产品 (近江牡蛎、翡翠贻贝和基围虾)为对象,研究稀盐酸、稀硫酸和稀硝酸浸提其重金属铜、铅和镉的效果。研究表明,盐酸、硫酸和硝酸的最佳浸提浓度均为2 mol/L,浸提时间分别为10、10、15 min,浸提温度分别为20~90、10~90、10~90 ℃。与微波消解法相比,3 种稀酸浸提水产品中重金属铜、铅和镉的效果为稀硝酸>稀硫酸>稀盐酸。稀盐酸、稀硫酸和稀硝酸浸提的加标回收率分别为69%~97%、97%~116%、98%~111%。综合3 种稀酸浸提所需的时长、温度及回收率等因素,稀硫酸和稀硝酸浸提法的操作可行性较高。利用电感耦合等离子体发射光谱仪和酶联免疫法分别检测稀酸浸提液的镉,并对两种检测方法的结果进行线性回归,显示两种检测方法的结果具有显著的线性相关(P<0.01),表明稀酸浸提法可高效快速提取样品中的重金属,满足酶联免疫法检测水产品中重金属的样品前处理要求。

关键词: 稀酸浸提, 水产品, 重金属, 酶联免疫法

Abstract:

Rapid extraction methods for heavy metals (Cu, Pb, and Cd) with dilute acids (HCl, HNO3, and H2SO4) were
investigated and established in the determination of aquatic products (Ostrea rivularis, Perna viridis and Metapenaeus
ensi). The results showed that the optimal extraction concentration was 2 mol/L for the three dilute acids. Besides, the
optimal extraction time and temperature were 10 min and 20–90 ℃, 10 min and 10–90 ℃, 15 min and 10–90 ℃ for HCl,
H2SO4 and HNO3, respectively. Compared with the microwave digestion method, the extraction efficiencies of the heavy
metals Cu, Pb, and Cd with these three dilute acids followed the decreasing order: HNO3, H2SO4 and HCl. The spiked
recoveries of these heavy metals were 69%–97%, 97%–116% and 98%–111% for dilute solutions of HCl, H2SO4 and
HNO3, respectively. Together considering extraction time, temperature and spiked recovery, the extraction methods with
H2SO4 and HNO3 solution are feasible. Two groups of Cd concentrations, extracted from aquatic products by dilute acid
pretreatment method, were determined by inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES) and ELISA,
respectively. Linear regression demonstrated that the results from both analytical techniques were significantly correlated
(P < 0.01). This shows that dilute acid pretreatment method could meet the requirements of ELISA assay for heavy metals
in aquatic products.

Key words: acid extraction, aquatic products, heavy metals, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)

中图分类号: