食品科学

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气调处理对杏鲍菇货架期品质影响的多变量分析

张 璇1,2,胡花丽1,王毓宁1,李鹏霞1,*   

  1. 1.江苏省农业科学院农产品加工所,江苏 南京 210014;2.南京农业大学食品科技学院,江苏 南京 210095
  • 出版日期:2014-10-25 发布日期:2014-11-07
  • 基金资助:

    国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(31301583);江苏省农业科技自主创新资金项目(CX(13)5058)

Multivariate Analysis of the Effects of Controlled Atmosphere Treatment on Quality of Pleurotus eryngii Mushroom during Shelf-life

ZHANG Xuan1,2, HU Hua-li1, WANG Yu-ning1, LI Peng-xia1,*   

  1. 1. Institute of Agro-product Processing, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China;
    2. College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
  • Online:2014-10-25 Published:2014-11-07

摘要:

以空气为对照(CK,21% O2+0.03% CO2),采用单因素方差分析、主成分分析、相关性分析、偏最小二乘回归分析、通径分析5 种数据分析方法,探讨了高体积分数CO2结合低体积分数O2的气调处理(controlledatmosphere,CA,30% CO2+2% O2)对常温(20~25 ℃、相对湿度90%~95%)条件下销售的杏鲍菇品质的影响。单因素方差分析表明,CA可以抑制杏鲍菇质量减少,减缓其硬度、蛋白质含量、总糖含量下降,维持较低的相对电导率和pH值,使杏鲍菇获得较高的亮度及感官得分;主成分分析表明,CA对杏鲍菇颜色的影响最为显著,杏鲍菇货架前期与后期的总糖含量、硬度、蛋白质含量、相对电导率、pH值均有较大幅度变动;偏最小二乘与相关性分析表明,硬度、蛋白质含量、L*值、总糖含量、h值与品质表现出显著的正相关效应(P<0.05),而质量损失率、相对电导率、a*值、b*值与品质呈显著负相关(P<0.05);通径分析表明,L*值主要通过自身的直接作用和a*值、b*值、质量损失率的间接作用来影响杏鲍菇的品质,是作用于品质的主要因素。综上所述,CA对杏鲍菇品质的影响主要表现为色度的变化(L*、a*、b*值),此外CA对杏鲍菇其他生理指标也产生一定影响。

关键词: 杏鲍菇, 气调处理, 品质, 多变量分析

Abstract:

The effects of controlled atmosphere (CA, 30% CO2 + 2% O2) on Pleurotus eryngii quality during shelf-life at
20-25 ℃and 90%-95% relative humidity (RH) were analyzed by one-way analysis of variance, principal component
analysis (PCA), correlation analysis, partial least squares regression, and path analysis. An atmosphere of 21% O2 and 0.03%
CO2 was used as control (CK). The results showed that CA alleviated weight loss, inhibited the decrease of hardness, protein
and total sugar content, maintained the lower electrical conductivity and pH, and contributed to the higher brightness and
sensory score of Pleurotus eryngii. PCA indicated that CA exhibited a significant influence on Pleurotus eryngii color; total
sugar, hardness, protein, weight loss, electrical conductivity, and pH changed dramatically during storage. Partial least squares
regression and correlation analysis showed that the hardness, protein, total sugar, L*, and h displayed a significantly positive
correlation with sensory quality score (P < 0.05) and the weight loss, a*, b*, and electrical conductivity had a significantly
negative correlation with sensory quality score. Path analysis suggested that L* was the main factor affecting the quality of Pleurotus
eryngii by exerting the direct (L*) and indirect (by affecting a*, b*, and weight loss) influence. In conclusion, CA has effects on several
physicochemical indexes of Pleurotus eryngii and mainly exerts its influence on color indexes (L*, a* and b*).

Key words: Pleurotus eryngii, controlled atmosphere, quality, multivariate analysis

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