食品科学

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大米过敏蛋白的研究进展

李海飞1,2,3,高金燕3,袁娟丽1,2,3,舒 恒1,2,3,芦 军1,2,3,李晶晶1,2,3,陈红兵1,2,*   

  1. 1.南昌大学 食品科学与技术国家重点实验室,江西 南昌 330047;2.南昌大学中德联合研究院,江西 南昌 330047;
    3.南昌大学生命科学与食品工程学院,江西 南昌 330047
  • 发布日期:2014-12-15

Progress in the Study of Allergenic Proteins in Rice

LI Hai-fei1,2,3, GAO Jin-yan3, YUAN Juan-li1,2,3, SHU Heng1,2,3, LU Jun1,2,3, LI Jing-jing1,2,3, CHEN Hong-bing1,2,*   

  1. 1. State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China;
    2. Sino-German Joint Research Institute, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China;
    3. School of Life Sciences and Food Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
  • Published:2014-12-15

摘要:

大米蛋白可引起食物过敏,激发由IgE介导的速发型超敏反应和主要由T细胞介导的迟发型超敏反应。本文介绍大米中可导致食物过敏的主要蛋白:即14~16 kD的α-淀粉酶/胰蛋白酶抑制剂蛋白、磷脂转移蛋白和33 kD具有乙二醛酶Ⅰ活性的蛋白。此外,本文还对预发芽结合加热处理、超高压技术、酶解等可降低大米过敏蛋白致敏性的加工工艺进行阐述,其中,酶解是一种相对成熟的加工方法,能有效降解大米过敏蛋白。预发芽结合加热处理与超高压技术是新兴的食品加工技术,两者均可不同程度地降低大米过敏蛋白的含量。

关键词: 食物过敏, 大米蛋白, 脱敏加工

Abstract:

Rice protein can trigger food allergy, stimulate IgE-mediated immediate hypersensitivity and T cell-mediated
delayed-type hypersensitivity. The major allergens in rice include 14?16 kD α-amylase/trypsin inhibitor, lipid transfer protein
and the 33 kD protein with glyoxalase Ⅰ activity. Besides, this paper also describes three processing techniques that can lower
the sensitization of allergic proteins in rice, including pre-germination combined with heat treatment, ultra high pressure
(UHP) technology and enzymatic degradation. Enzymatic degradation is a matured method that can effectively reduce
the content of allergic proteins in rice. Pre-germination combined with heat treatment and UHP technology are emerging
processing methods, and both methods can reduce the content of rice allergic proteins at different levels.

Key words: food allergy, rice protein, desensitization processing

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