食品科学

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不同采收期红油香椿营养成分和抗氧化活性分析

王赵改1,陈丽娟1,张 乐1,杨 慧1,梁万平2   

  1. 1.河南省农科院农副产品加工研究所,河南 郑州 450008;
    2.驻马店市农业科学院资源环境研究所,河南 驻马店 463000
  • 出版日期:2015-02-25 发布日期:2015-02-16
  • 基金资助:

    河南省财政预算项目(20148010);河南省农业科学院示范与推广项目(豫农科推(2014)2号)

Nutritional Components and Antioxidant Activity of Toona sinensis Buds at Different Harvesting Periods

WANG Zhaogai1, CHEN Lijuan1, ZHANG Le1, YANG Hui1, LIANG Wanping2   

  1. 1. Institute of Agricultural Products Processing, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450008, China;
    2. Institute of Resources and Environment, Zhumadian City of Agricultural Sciences, Zhumadian 463000, China
  • Online:2015-02-25 Published:2015-02-16

摘要:

以国内主要栽培品种红油香椿为研究对象,对同茬3 个不同采收期香椿嫩芽营养物质和抗氧化能力进行研究,旨在为其适时采收提供理论依据。结果表明:香椿嫩梢叶中的叶绿素、可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白及黄酮含量均在Ⅲ期达最大值,其含量分别为1.72、119.94、3.87、11.83 mg/g。叶中的叶绿素、氨基酸、可溶性蛋白、多酚及黄酮含量在所有的采收期均极显著高于茎(P<0.01),而可溶性糖在Ⅲ期、VC在Ⅰ期叶与茎中的含量差异不显著。不同采收期及不同部位香椿嫩芽的提取液质量浓度均与抗氧化能力呈显著量效关系(P<0.05)。3 个采收期茎提取液清除1,1-二苯基-2-三硝基苯肼(1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl,DPPH)自由基能力均高于叶,而清除•OH能力叶强于茎。对不同采收期,在清除•OH能力和还原能力方面Ⅱ期香椿嫩芽提取液最强,在清除DPPH自由基能力方面Ⅰ期较强。综合考虑营养物质含量、抗氧化活性和食用性,Ⅱ期为最适宜的采收时间。

关键词: 香椿, 采收期, 营养成分, 抗氧化活性

Abstract:

‘Hongyou’ Chinese toon (Toona sinensis), the major cultivar in China, was used to investigate the nutritional
components and antioxidant activity of tender buds at three different harvesting periods, with the aim of providing a
theoretical basis for selecting its best harvesting time. The results showed that the contents of chlorophyll, soluble sugar,
soluble protein and flavone in Toona sinensis leaves were higher at phase Ⅲ (which were 1.72, 119.94, 3.87 and 11.83 mg/g,
respectively) than two other phases. The contents of chlorophyll, amino acids, proteins, polyphenols and flavones in leaves
were significantly higher than those in stems of Toona sinensis (P < 0.01) at all harvesting periods, while no significant
difference in soluble sugar at phase Ⅲ and vitamin C at phase Ⅰ between leaves and stems was observed. The antioxidant
activity of Toona sinensis bud extracts at different harvesting times and from different parts indicated a significant doseeffect
relationship (P < 0.05). Toona sinensis bud leaf extracts showed higher scavenging capacity against DPPH free
radical but lower scavenging capacity against hydrolxyl free radical than Toona sinensis bud stem extracts. The scavenging
capacity against hydrolxyl free radical and total reducing power of Toona sinensis bud extracts were the strongest at phase Ⅱ,
while the DPPH radical scavenging capacity were the highest at phase Ⅰ. Considering the variations of nutrient contents,
antioxidant activity and edibility, phase Ⅱ is the best harvesting time for the ‘Hongyou’ cultivar of Toona sinensis.

Key words: Toona sinensis, harvesting time, nutritional components, antioxidant activity

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