复合添加剂对鲟鱼籽酱（Huso dauricused ×sturger schrenckii）挥发性成分的影响

doi:10.7506/spkx1002-6630-201512018

食品科学

复合添加剂对鲟鱼籽酱（Huso dauricused ×sturger schrenckii）挥发性成分的影响

黄卉1，何丹1,2，李来好1，林婉玲1，魏涯1，杨贤庆1，郝淑贤1,*

1.中国水产科学研究院南海水产研究所，农业部水产品加工重点实验室，国家水产品加工技术研发中心，
广东广州 510300；2.上海海洋大学食品学院，上海 201306

出版日期:2015-06-25 发布日期:2015-06-12
通讯作者: 郝淑贤
基金资助:
公益性行业（农业）科研专项（201003055-06）；国家重大科技成果转化项目（ZD-2014-345-3）；
中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项（中国水产科学研究院南海水产研究所）（2012YDOl）

Effect of Synthetic Preservatives on Volatile Flavor Compounds in Caviar of Sturgeon (Huso dauricused × sturger schrenckii)

HUANG Hui1, HE Dan1,2, LI Laihao1, LIN Wanling1, WEI Ya1, YANG Xianqing1, HAO Shuxian1,*

1. National R & D Center for Aquatic Product Processing, Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing, Ministry of Agriculture,
South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510300, China;
2. College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China

Online:2015-06-25 Published:2015-06-12
Contact: HAO Shuxian

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

采用固相微萃取-气相色谱-质谱联用分析技术，分别检测未经添加剂处理的鲟鱼籽酱、添加0.5‰山梨酸钾和0.2‰抗坏血酸的鲟鱼籽酱（A1组），添加0.5‰山梨酸钾、0.2‰抗坏血酸和0.2‰乳酸链球菌素（Nisin）的鲟鱼籽酱（A2组），添加0.5‰山梨酸钾、0.2‰抗坏血酸和0.2‰ L-抗坏血酸棕榈酸酯的鲟鱼籽酱（A3组），在0 ℃冷藏时挥发性物质的变化，经NIST 05a.L和NIST 05.l谱库数据库检索，确定其挥发性成分。结果表明：初始鲟鱼籽酱检测出46 种挥发性成分，醛类物质作为主要气味贡献组分，其中壬醛、己醛、辛醛和庚醛含量较高，另外，一定含量的D-柠檬烯、长叶烯和石竹烯可能赋予新鲜鲟鱼籽酱独特的柠檬香、木香等清新气味。3 组复合添加剂的使用，都有利于防止在贮藏过程中鱼籽酱挥发性物质的流失，减少了酮类和醇类物质的变化。其中，A2组中，山梨酸钾、抗坏血酸和Nisin的添加促进了贮藏3 个月后鱼籽酱中醛类物质的还原反应，导致醛类物质的大量减少，酯类物质的大量增加。最后，在贮藏期间醛类物质的变化，显示A1组和A3组复合防腐剂的处理促使鲟鱼籽酱具有更浓的腥味、青草味。

关键词: 鲟鱼籽酱, 固相微萃取, 气相色谱-质谱法, 挥发性成分

Abstract:

Changes in the volatile flavor compounds of sturgeon caviar (Huso dauricused × sturger schrenckii) during cold
storage were analyzed by solid phase microextraction (SPME) coupled to gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GCMS)
through NIST 05a.L mass spectral library search and alignment. Stugeon caviar was divided into four groups including
control group (with no additives), group A1 (with 0.5‰ potassium sorbate and 0.2‰ ascorbate), group A2 (with 0.5‰
potassium sorbate, 0.2‰ ascorbate and 0.2‰ nisin), and group A3 (with 0.5‰ potassium sorbate, 0.2‰ ascorbate and 0.2‰
L-ascorbyl palmitate). A total of 46 volatile compounds were identified in fresh sturgeon caviar. The compounds responsible
for the flavor of sturgeon carviar were mostly aldehydes, among which, hexanal, heptanal, octanal, and nonanal showed
higher levels. In addition, the unique lemony and woody aroma of fresh caviar may contribute to D-linonene, longifolene and
caryophyllene. The loss of volatile flavor compounds in sturgeon caviar was prevented by additive treatments in the present
study, and the levels of ketones and alcohols were decreased as well. The reduction reaction of aldehydes was promoted in
caviars by the addition of 0.5‰ potassium sorbate, 0.2‰ ascorbate and 0.2‰ nisin, thus leading to a substantial decrease
in aldehydes and a notable increase in esters. Finally, the changes in aldehydes caused by A1 and A3 treatments were
responsible for a stronger fishy and grassy smell of sturgeon caviar.

Key words: sturgeon caviar, solid phase micro-extraction (SPME), gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), volatiles flavor compounds

中图分类号:

TS254.4

黄卉1，何丹1,2，李来好1，林婉玲1，魏涯1，杨贤庆1，郝淑贤1,*. 复合添加剂对鲟鱼籽酱（Huso dauricused ×sturger schrenckii）挥发性成分的影响[J]. 食品科学, doi: 10.7506/spkx1002-6630-201512018.

HUANG Hui1, HE Dan1,2, LI Laihao1, LIN Wanling1, WEI Ya1, YANG Xianqing1, HAO Shuxian1,*. Effect of Synthetic Preservatives on Volatile Flavor Compounds in Caviar of Sturgeon (Huso dauricused × sturger schrenckii)[J]. FOOD SCIENCE, doi: 10.7506/spkx1002-6630-201512018.

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复合添加剂对鲟鱼籽酱（Huso dauricused ×sturger schrenckii）挥发性成分的影响

Effect of Synthetic Preservatives on Volatile Flavor Compounds in Caviar of Sturgeon (Huso dauricused × sturger schrenckii)

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