食品科学

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野生和养殖长吻鮠肌肉挥发性风味成分分析

曹 静1,2,张凤枰1,2,3,*,龙 斌2,杜雪莉1,3,杨欣怡1,2,刘耀敏1,3,王锡昌2   

  1. 1.通威股份有限公司检测中心,四川 成都 610041;2.上海海洋大学食品学院,上海 201306;
    3.通威股份有限公司,农业部水产畜禽营养与健康养殖重点实验室,四川 成都 610041
  • 出版日期:2015-08-25 发布日期:2015-08-17
  • 通讯作者: 张凤枰
  • 基金资助:

    上海市教育委员会食品质量与安全重点学科建设项目(J50704);四川省科技支撑计划项目(2014NZ0003)

Analysis of Volatile Flavor Compounds in Muscles from Wild and Cultured Leiocassis longirostris

CAO Jing1,2, ZHANG Fengping1,2,3,*, LONG Bin2, DU Xueli1,3, YANG Xinyi1,2, LIU Yaomin1,3, WANG Xichang2   

  1. 1. Inspection Center of Tongwei Co. Ltd., Chengdu 610041, China; 2. College of Food Science and Technology,
    Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; 3. Key Laboratory of Aquatic, Livestock, Poultry Nutrition and Healthy
    Culturing, Ministry of Agriculture, Tongwei Co. Ltd., Chengdu 610041, China
  • Online:2015-08-25 Published:2015-08-17
  • Contact: ZHANG Fengping

摘要:

采用同时蒸馏萃取-气相色谱-质谱联用分析技术,对野生和养殖长吻鮠肌肉挥发性风味成分进行提取、鉴定、分析。结果表明,从野生和养殖长吻鮠肌肉中分别检测出70、60 种挥发性成分,主要包括醛、醇、酮、烃、酸、酯类等物质,其中烃、醛、醇类物质含量较高,野生和养殖长吻鮠肌肉中含量分别为1 555.74、693.46、380.38 ng/g和3 270.53、348.8、104.11 ng/g;野生和养殖长吻鮠均表现出鱼腥臭、脂香、草味,其中对风味贡献较大的是挥发性羰基化合物和醇类物质;此外,酯类及从环境中蓄积的苯、萘等化合物也会对鱼肉香味起到协同或累加作用。综合比较,野生长吻鮠腥味特征高于养殖长吻鮠。

关键词: 长吻鮠, 同时蒸馏萃取, 气相色谱-质谱联用, 挥发性风味成分

Abstract:

The volatile flavor compounds of muscles from wild and cultured Leiocassis longirostris were analyzed by
simultaneous distillation extraction (SDE) and gas chromatography and mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The results showed
that 70 and 60 volatile compounds were detected in muscles from wild and cultured Leiocassis longirostris, respectively,
mainly including aldehydes, alcohols, ketones, hydrocarbons, acids and esters with hydrocarbons, aldehydes, alcohols
being the dominant compounds, which accounted for 1 555.74, 693.46 and 380.38 ng/g in wild Leiocassis longirostris, and
3 270.53, 348.8 and 104.11 ng/g in cultured Leiocassis longirostris, respectively. The muscles of both wild and cultured fish
smelled fishy, grassy and fatty, which was mainly attributed to the presence of volatile carbonyl compounds and alcohols.
At the same time, esters as well as benzene and naphthalenes which came from feed and water environment also had a
synergistic or additive effect on the aroma of Leiocassis longirostris meat. Based on these results, the fishy smell of the
muscles of wild Leiocassis longirostris was stronger than that of cultured Leiocassis longirostris.

Key words: Leiocassis longirostris, simultaneous distillation extraction (SDE), gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), volatile favor compounds

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