食品科学

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凝乳酶的研究进展

杭 锋1,2,洪 青2,王钦博2,刘沛毅2,刘振民2,陈 卫1,*   

  1. 1.江南大学食品学院,食品科学与技术国家重点实验室,江苏 无锡 214122;
    2.乳业生物技术国家重点实验室,光明乳业股份有限公司乳业研究院,上海 200436
  • 出版日期:2016-02-15 发布日期:2016-02-26

Advances in Research on Milk-Clotting Enzymes

HANG Feng1,2, HONG Qing2, WANG Qinbo2, LIU Peiyi2, LIU Zhenmin2, CHEN Wei1,*   

  1. 1. State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University,
    Wuxi 214122, China; 2. State Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology, Dairy Research Institute,
    Bright Dairy and Food Co. Ltd., Shanghai 200436, China
  • Online:2016-02-15 Published:2016-02-26

摘要:

传统干酪制作使用的凝乳酶来源于小牛皱胃,目前小牛皱胃酶的供应量仅能满足世界干酪产量所需凝乳酶的20%~30%。小牛皱胃酶的供需矛盾和价格高昂等因素,使得寻求其替代物成为乳品领域科学研究的热点之一。本文首先介绍了小牛皱胃酶的研究现状,其次从动物、植物、基因重组以及微生物来源,综述了不同凝乳酶之间酶性质差异以及凝乳酶在干酪应用中的研究,旨在为凝乳酶的研究提供一定的理论参考,为寻找凝乳酶替代物提供思路。

关键词: 凝乳酶, 凝乳酶活力, 蛋白水解活力, 干酪

Abstract:

Calf rennet is conventionally used as milk coagulant for the production of cheese. However, the supply of
calf rennet is not equivalent to the demand in cheese industry, which merely meets 20%–30% of the global demand for
cheese production. Due to the scarcity and high price of calf rennet, it is necessary and urgent to find potential substitutes.
This review gives an overview of the current discoveries of calf rennet, the characteristics of different types of milkclotting
enzymes including animal rennet, recombinant chymosin, plant- and microbial-derived coagulants, and specifies
the application of coagulants in cheese production. The objective of this review is to provide the fundamental theory and
inspiring ideas for the researchers and manufacturers to find calf rennet substitutes.

Key words: chymosin, milk-clotting activity, proteolytic activity, cheese

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