食品科学

• 基础研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

白燕2号燕麦的双螺杆挤出物的理化特性分析

舒 恒1,2,蒋 旭1,2,王新康2,李慧慧2,袁娟丽1,3,陈红兵1,4,高金燕2,*   

  1. 1.南昌大学 食品科学与技术国家重点实验室,江西 南昌 330047;2.南昌大学食品学院,江西 南昌 330031;
    3.南昌大学药学院,江西 南昌 330006;4.南昌大学中德联合研究院,江西 南昌 330047
  • 出版日期:2016-08-15 发布日期:2016-08-30

Analysis of Physicochemical Properties of Twin-Screw Extruded Oats of the Cultivar ‘Baiyan No. 2’

SHU Heng1,2, JIANG Xu1,2, WANG Xinkang2, LI Huihui2, YUAN Juanli1,3, CHEN Hongbing1,4, GAO Jinyan2,*   

  1. 1. State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China; 2. School of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China; 3. School of Pharmaceutical Science, Nanchang University,Nanchang 330006, China; 4. Sino-German Joint Research Institute, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
  • Online:2016-08-15 Published:2016-08-30

摘要:

为探究双螺杆挤压处理对白燕2号燕麦理化特性的影响,以白燕2号裸燕麦全颗粒为原料进行挤压处理,并对燕麦挤出物的品质进行检测与表征。结果表明,在喂料水分22%、螺杆转速42 Hz、喂料速率26 Hz、终端温度160 ℃等典型挤压条件下,燕麦挤出物的膨化率为1.16;挤压过程中发生了美拉德反应,L*降低,a*降低,b*增加,ΔE降低;总氨基酸含量减少了5.44%,各种氨基酸含量呈整体下降趋势;挤压后物料微观结构表面粗糙、富有层次感。燕麦挤出物吸水性指数上升378.4%,水溶性指数下降1.08%,可溶性β-葡聚糖含量提高了62.0%,模拟体内消化后,燕麦挤出物提取液表观黏度增大;挤压过程中同时发生了分子的解聚反应和聚合反应。由此可见,双螺杆挤压是一种有潜力提高全燕麦品质的加工技术。

关键词: 白燕2号燕麦, 双螺杆挤压, &beta, -葡聚糖, 理化特性

Abstract:

This study investigated the changes in physicochemical properties of ‘Baiyan No. 2’ oats after twin-screw
extrusion. It was shown that when the extrusion conditions were set as feed moisture content 22%, temperature 160 ℃,
and screw speed 42 Hz with a fixed feeding rate of 26 Hz, the expansion ratio of oat extrudate was 1.16. Maillard reaction
occurred during extrusion, resulting in changes in color and amino acid content. L*, a* and ΔE decreased, while b*
increased. Total amino acid content decreased by 5.44%. Compared to the original material, oat extrudate had a layered
rough surface. Water absorption index increased by 378.4%, water solubility index decreased by 1.08%, soluble betaglucan
content increased by 62.0%, apparent viscosity of the extract of in vitro digested oat extrudate increased, and both
polymerization and depolymerization reaction occurred during extrusion. Conclusively, twin-screw extrusion is a kind of
processing technique that has the potential to improve wholegrain oat quality.

Key words: ‘Baiyan No. 2&rsquo, oat, twin-screw extrusion, β-glucan, physicochemical properties

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