叶幕微气候差异对‘摩尔多瓦’葡萄花色苷的影响

doi:10.7506/spkx1002-6630-201807015

食品科学 ›› 2018, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (7): 98-106.doi: 10.7506/spkx1002-6630-201807015

叶幕微气候差异对‘摩尔多瓦’葡萄花色苷的影响

刘笑宏1,2，郭淑华2，肖秋红2，杜远鹏2，翟衡2,*

1.烟台市农业科学研究院，山东烟台 265500；2.山东农业大学园艺科学与工程学院，作物生物学国家重点实验室，山东泰安 271000

出版日期:2018-04-15 发布日期:2018-04-17
基金资助:
国家现代农业（葡萄）产业技术体系建设专项（CARS-30）；教育部“长江学者和创新团队发展计划”项目（IRT15R42）

Effect of Canopy Micro-Environment on Anthocyanins of ‘Moldova’ Grape

LIU Xiaohong1,2, GUO Shuhua2, XIAO Qiuhong2, DU Yuanpeng2, ZHAI Heng2,*

1. Yantai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Yantai 265500, China; 2. State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271000, China

Online:2018-04-15 Published:2018-04-17

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为探究叶幕微气候对葡萄花色苷种类及含量的影响，将鲜食酿酒兼用葡萄品种‘摩尔多瓦’设置为篱架直立叶幕和棚架水平叶幕两种类型，连续两年于果实膨大期实时监控两种叶幕下果实周围微环境的温度和湿度，利用高效液相色谱-质谱联用法测定花后9～15 周葡萄果皮花色苷单体组分与含量，以及果皮花色苷代谢途径相关酶的基因表达量与活力，分析两种叶幕下果实品质差异。结果表明：与篱架直立叶幕相比，棚架水平叶幕显著降低了果实周围环境的温湿度波动幅度及高温比例，提升了成熟期的果实品质；2015年水平叶幕下果实还原糖质量浓度、百粒质量和花色苷、类黄酮含量分别比直立叶幕提高2.39%、5.48%、27.11%、44.89%；2016年水平叶幕下果实总酚、花色苷、黄烷醇含量分别比直立叶幕高5.09%、6.45%、13.67%。花后11～13 周棚架水平叶幕葡萄果皮 UDP-葡萄糖-3-O-类黄酮糖苷转移酶基因（Vitis vinifera UDP-glucoseflavonoid 3-O-glucosyltransferase，VvUFGT）、 O-甲基转移酶基因（Vitis vinifera O-methyltransferase，VvOMT）和多酚氧化酶基因（Vitis vinifera polyphenol oxidase， VvPPO）表达量显著上调，UFGT、OMT以及花青素苷-5-O-葡萄糖基转移酶（anthocyanin 5-O-glucosyltransferase， 5GT）活力则在花后13～15 周保持较高水平，而在花后9～13 周，篱架直立叶幕的UFGT、无色花色素氧化酶、 OMT、5GT以及PPO 5 种酶的基因表达量与相应酶活力变化趋势较为一致。成熟期花色苷单体分析表明，水平叶幕下21 种花色苷单体中，13 种单体含量显著高于直立叶幕，花色苷的修饰程度显著提高，但单体种类未受影响。

关键词: 叶幕微气候, 花色苷, ‘摩尔多瓦’葡萄

Abstract: The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of vertical canopy and horizontal canopy on the anthocyanin composition of ‘Moldova’ grapes. Vertical trellis system and pergola were conducted to represent vertical canopy and horizontal canopy for two consecutive years, respectively. The temperature and relative humidity around the clusters of two canopy types were recorded by temperature and humidity recorder from the berry expansion stage. Grapes were picked from 9 to 15 weeks after blossom to quantify individual anthocyanins in the skin by HPLC-MS, and the enzyme activities and their gene expression levels involved in the anthocyanin metabolic pathway were measured as well. Finally, the grape quality of different canopy types was compared. The results showed that compared with vertical canopy, horizontal canopy decreased the proportion of high temperature and humidity fluctuation around the cluster, and improved mature fruit quality. In 2015, reducing sugar content, 100-berry weight, anthocyanin and flavonoids of horizontal canopy grapes increased respectively by 2.39%, 5.48%, 27.11% and 44.89% compared with vertical canopy grapes. In 2016, the contents of total phenols, anthocyanin and flavanols increased respectively by 5.09%, 6.45%, and 13.67% compared with vertical canopy. The relative expression of Vitis vinifera UDP-glucoseflavonoid 3-O-glucosyltransferase (VvUFGT), Vitis vinifera O-methyltransferase (VvOMT), Vitis vinifera polyphenol oxidase (VvPPO) genes in horizontal canopy was significantly upregulated from 11 to 13 weeks after blossom, and the enzyme activities of UFGT, OMT and anthocyanin 5-O-glucosyltransferase (5GT) were maintained at high levels from 13 to 15 weeks. From 9 to 13 weeks after blossom, the relative gene expression and enzyme activities of UFGT, leucoanthocyanin dioxygenase, OMT, 5GT and PPO in vertical canopy grapes showed similar trends. The analysis of individual anthocyanins indicated that 13 of 21 individual anthocyanins detected in horizontal canopy grapes were more abundant than in vertical canopy grapes. Meanwhile, the modification degree of anthocyanin was increased, but the type of anthocyanin did not significantly change.

Key words: micro-environment, anthocyanin, ‘Moldova’ grape

中图分类号:

S663.1

刘笑宏，郭淑华，肖秋红，杜远鹏，翟衡. 叶幕微气候差异对‘摩尔多瓦’葡萄花色苷的影响[J]. 食品科学, 2018, 39(7): 98-106.

LIU Xiaohong, GUO Shuhua, XIAO Qiuhong, DU Yuanpeng, ZHAI Heng. Effect of Canopy Micro-Environment on Anthocyanins of ‘Moldova’ Grape[J]. FOOD SCIENCE, 2018, 39(7): 98-106.

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叶幕微气候差异对‘摩尔多瓦’葡萄花色苷的影响

Effect of Canopy Micro-Environment on Anthocyanins of ‘Moldova’ Grape

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