食品科学 ›› 2018, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (10): 298-303.doi: 10.7506/spkx1002-6630-201810045

• 工艺技术 • 上一篇    下一篇

不同抑制剂对苦瓜粉味觉的修饰效果

张慧敏1,2,邓媛元2,张瑞芬2,张雁2,魏振承2,马永轩2,刘磊2,张名位2,*   

  1. (1.华南农业大学食品学院,广东?广州 510642;2.广东省农业科学院蚕业与农产品加工研究所,农业部功能食品重点实验室,广东省农产品加工重点实验室,广东?广州 510610)
  • 出版日期:2018-05-25 发布日期:2018-05-15
  • 基金资助:
    广东省自然科学基金项目(2017A030310092);广东省中国科学院全面战略合作专项资金竞争性分配项目(2013B091100011);广东省科技计划项目(2016B070701012;2016A040403081)

Taste Modification of Bitter Melon (Momordica charantia) Powder by Different Bitterness Inhibitors

ZHANG Huimin1,2, DENG Yuanyuan2, ZHANG Ruifen2, ZHANG Yan2, WEI Zhencheng2, MA Yongxuan2, LIU Lei2, ZHANG Mingwei2,*   

  1. (1. College of Food Science and Technology, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; 2. Key Laboratory of Functional Foods, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Processing, Sericultura & Agri-Food Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510610, China)
  • Online:2018-05-25 Published:2018-05-15

摘要: 以苦瓜粉浸泡液为对象,分别添加乳酸锌、新甲基橙皮苷二氢查尔酮、γ-氨基丁酸、酪朊酸钠、全脂乳粉、阿魏酸、聚葡萄糖、三氯蔗糖、新地奥明、单磷酸腺苷,采用感官评定结合标签量值评估(general labeled magnitude scale,gLMS)法评价不同抑制剂对苦瓜粉浸泡液苦味、后苦味、甜味、后甜味、涩味以及特征风味的影响;通过模糊评判筛选抑制效果最佳的3?种抑制剂进行正交试验,评价复合抑制剂对苦瓜粉浸泡液苦味及后苦味的影响。结果表明,10?种抑制剂对苦瓜粉浸泡液的苦味、后苦味、涩味均有显著抑制作用。其中新甲基橙皮苷二氢查尔酮对苦味、后苦味抑制作用最强;乳酸锌对后苦味、γ-氨基丁酸对苦味也有较好的抑制作用;酪朊酸钠对涩味的抑制作用最为明显;三氯蔗糖、聚葡萄糖、酪朊酸钠、全脂乳粉会增加整个体系的甜味及后甜味。以乳酸锌、新甲基橙皮苷二氢查耳酮、γ-氨基丁酸3?种抑制剂进行正交试验,结果表明1?g苦瓜粉添加0.60?mg新甲基橙皮苷二氢查耳酮、3.98?mg?γ-氨基丁酸、4.46?mg乳酸锌时,苦瓜粉浸泡液苦味和后苦味可以从明显降低到基本察觉不到,且苦瓜特征风味保留较好,无其他异味存在。

关键词: 苦瓜, 苦味, 抑制剂, 感官评价

Abstract: The effects of ten bitterness inhibitors, namely zinc lactate, neohesperidin dihydrochalcone (NHDC), γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), sodium caseinate, fat milk, ferulic acid, polydextrose, sucrose, neodiosmin and AMP on the bitterness, delayed bitterness, sweetness, delayed sweetness, astringency and flavor of bitter melon powder suspended in water were studied systematically by the general labeled magnitude scale (gLMS). The synergistic effects of three selected inhibitors on the bitterness and delayed bitterness were also explored. The results indicated that all ten inhibitors had an inhibitory effect on the bitterness, delayed bitterness and astringency of bitter melon. NHDC was more effective than were other inhibitors in inhibiting the bitterness and delayed bitterness, followed by zinc lactate for delayed bitterness and GABA for bitterness. Sodium caseinate was the best inhibitor for the astringency. Sucrose, polydextrose, sodium caseinate and milk could increase the sweetness and delayed sweetness of the whole system. The results of orthogonal array design showed that zinc lactate could affect the bitterness significantly. By adding NHDC, GABA and zinc lactate at 0.60, 3.98 and 4.46 mg/g of bitter melon powder, respectively, the bitterness and delayed bitterness were effectively decreased to almost no perception while maintaining the characteristic flavor of bitter melon without off-flavor.

Key words: bitterness, inhibitor, Momordica charantia, sensory evaluation

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