食品科学 ›› 2018, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (16): 47-52.doi: 10.7506/spkx1002-6630-201816008

• 食品化学 • 上一篇    下一篇

发芽糙米γ-氨基丁酸形成的谷氨酸脱羧酶活性与底物变化的相关性分析

曹晶晶,顾丰颖,罗其琪,刘子毅,王?锋*   

  1. (中国农业科学院农产品加工研究所,农业部农产品加工综合性重点实验室,北京 100193)
  • 出版日期:2018-08-25 发布日期:2018-08-17
  • 基金资助:
    “十三五”国家重点研发计划重点专项(2016FYD0400200); 中国农业科学院协同创新工程项目(CAAS-XTCX2016005-1); 农产品加工副产物高值化利用技术与应用(948计划)项目(2016-X31)

Correlation between Changes in Glutamate Decarboxylase Activity and γ-Aminobutyric Acid and Glutamic Acid Contents in Germinated Brown Rice

CAO Jingjing, GU Fengying, LUO Qiqi, LIU Ziyi, WANG Feng*   

  1. (Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China)
  • Online:2018-08-25 Published:2018-08-17

摘要: 以糙米为原料,采用浸泡发芽结合超声波逆境处理方式增加糙米中γ-氨基丁酸(γ-aminobutyric acid,GABA)含量。对发芽过程中谷氨酸(glutamic acid,GA)含量、谷氨酸脱羧酶(glutamic acid decarboxylase,GAD)活性及GABA含量进行分析,研究GA含量、GAD活性与GABA含量之间的关系。结果表明:随着发芽时间延长,GABA及GA含量持续明显增加,且GABA与GA含量有显著相关性(P<0.05)。随着发芽时间延长,GAD活性呈先增后降再增的趋势;在发芽0~48?h之间,对照组GAD活性(以GABA量计)均值为9.25?nmol/g,GABA含量增加到6?倍以上;在48~60?h之间,GABA增量不明显。与对照相比,超声波处理促进GA含量增加2?倍以上,并且快速提高GAD活性,在36?h时发芽糙米中GABA含量最高达41.85?mg/100?g。

关键词: γ-氨基丁酸, 谷氨酸脱羧酶, 谷氨酸, 超声波, 发芽糙米

Abstract: Germinating brown rice was treated with ultrasonic to enhance the accumulation of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA). The changes of glutamic acid (GA), GABA content and glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) activity during brown rice germination were analyzed and their correlation was investigated. Results showed that GABA and GA content gradually increased obviously with germination time and there was a significant correlation between GABA and GA content (P < 0.05). The activity of GAD increased at first and then decreased with germination time. During the first 48 h of germination, the average activity of GAD (calculated as GABA equivalent) in the control without ultrasonic treatment was 9.25 nmol/g and the GABA content was increased by more than 7 times. GABA content did not significantly increase between 48 and 60 h. Compared with the control, ultrasonic treatment resulted in an about 2-fold increase in GA content and a rapid increase in GAD activity and gave the maximum GABA value of 41.85 mg/100 g at 36 h.

Key words: γ-aminobutyric acid, glutamate decarboxylase, glutamic acid, ultrasonic treatment, germinated brown rice

中图分类号: