关键词: 重金属元素, 新疆赛里木湖, 凹目白鲑, 蓄积量, 食用安全

Abstract: The goal of this study was to evaluate the accumulation levels and safety of heavy metals in cold water fish in Xinjiang. The concentrations of Pb, Cd, Cr, Hg, As and Ni in different organs and tissues of Coregonus autumnalis from the Sayram Lake were measured by atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS) and atomic fluorescence spectrometry (AFS) after microwave digestion, and the associations of heavy metal distribution profiles with body length and body mass were also examined. The single factor pollution index and the target hazard quotient were used to evaluate the degree of pollution and the safety of dietary intake of heavy metals through fish consumption. The results showed that the concentrations of heavy metals in C. autumnalis was tissue specific, and the concentrations of different heavy metals in each organ or tissue were different. The contents of Cd and As were the highest in intestinal and pancreatic tissues and lowest in muscle, while Pb content was the highest in skin. The levels of all three heavy metals were lower than the national standard limit (Pb < 0.5 mg/kg, Cd < 0.1 mg/kg, As < 0.1 mg/kg). Correlation analysis showed that there were significant correlations between the concentrations of all heavy metals except for Ni and Cr in some tissues and biological parameters such as body mass and length of C. autumnalis (P < 0.05). Heavy metal pollution evaluation and health risk assessment showed that all tissues and organs except muscle were polluted by heavy metals at different levels. Consumption of C. autumnalis from the Sayram Lake posed no obvious health risks and showed good safety.

Key words: heavy metals, Sayram Lake in Xinjiang, Coregonus autumnalis, accumulation levels, food safety