基于脂质组学法对母乳、牛乳及羊乳脂质的差异分析

doi:10.7506/spkx1002-6630-20181218-203

食品科学 ›› 2020, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (4): 207-213.doi: 10.7506/spkx1002-6630-20181218-203

基于脂质组学法对母乳、牛乳及羊乳脂质的差异分析

张宏达，王立娜，张宇，李晓东，冷友斌，巩燕妮，蒋士龙

（1.东北农业大学食品学院，黑龙江哈尔滨 150030；2.东北农业大学乳品科学教育部重点实验室，黑龙江哈尔滨 150030；3.黑龙江飞鹤乳业有限公司，黑龙江哈尔滨 150030；4.黑龙江完达山林海液奶有限公司，黑龙江牡丹江 157100）

出版日期:2020-02-25 发布日期:2020-03-02
基金资助:
黑龙江应用技术研究与开发计划重大项目（GA16B201-3）

Comparative Lipidomic Analysis of Human, Bovine and Caprine Milk

ZHANG Hongda, WANG Lina, ZHANG Yu, LI Xiaodong, LENG Youbin, GONG Yanni, JIANG Shilong

(1. College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China;2. Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; 3. Heilongjiang Feihe Dairy Co. Ltd., Harbin 150030, China; 4. Heilongjiang Wandashan Linhai Liquid Milk Co. Ltd., Mudanjiang 157100, China)

Online:2020-02-25 Published:2020-03-02

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 基于超高效液相色谱-四极杆-飞行时间质谱技术对母乳、牛乳及羊乳的全脂质组分进行定量分析。通过分析共检出17 种磷脂酰胆碱（phosphatidylcholines，PC）、11 种神经酰胺（ceramide，Cer）、15 种鞘磷脂（sphingomyelin，SM）、3 种己糖苷神经酰胺（hexosylceramides，HexCer）、32 种甘油二脂（diglyceride，DG）和25 种甘油三酯（triglyceride，TG）。母乳与牛乳有36 种存在显著差异的脂质，与羊乳有14 种（P＜0.05）。结果表明，母乳极性脂含量（1 462.99 μg/mL）显著低于羊乳而高于牛乳（P＜0.05），且母乳及牛乳遵循SM＞Cer＞PC＞HexCer分布，羊乳则是Cer＞SM＞HexCer＞PC。母乳与牛乳间存在显著差异的极性脂质主要为SM，其中SM（d14∶0/20∶0）和SM（d15∶0/24∶1）在母乳（15.90 μg/mL和16.55 μg/mL）中显著高于牛乳（P＜0.05），而羊乳与母乳间除PC（26∶0/0∶0）外，不存在其他显著差异的极性脂质。中性脂质方面，母乳中性脂质量浓度（47 749.40 μg/mL）显著高于牛乳及羊乳（P＜0.05）。母乳与牛羊乳间存在显著性差异的中性脂质主要为TG，尤其母乳在TG（14∶0/16∶0/18∶0）与TG（16∶0/17∶0/18∶0）含量上显著低于牛羊乳（P＜0.05），同时3 种乳在TG（17∶2/18∶0/20∶5）含量上均存在显著性差异（P＜0.05）。本研究不仅为婴幼儿配方奶粉的脂质研究提供理论依据，同时筛选出的差异脂质可作为鉴别牛羊乳的脂质标记物。

关键词: 母乳, 牛乳, 羊乳, 超高效液相色谱-四极杆-飞行时间质谱, 脂质组学

Abstract: In this study, the total lipid components of human, bovine and caprine milk were quantitatively analyzed based on ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole-time of flight-mass spectrum. A total of 17 phosphatidylcholines (PC), 11 ceramides (Cer), 15 sphingomyelins (SM), 3 hexosylceramides (HexCer), 32 diglycerides (DG) and 25 triglycerides (TG) were detected in all samples. There were 36 lipid components that significantly differed between human and bovine milk, and 14 lipid components were found to significantly differ between human and caprine milk (P < 0.05). The results showed that the polar lipid content of human milk (1 462.99 μg/mL) was significantly lower than that of caprine milk but higher than that of bovine milk (P < 0.05). In human and bovine milk, the contents of various polar lipids were ranked as: SM > Cer > PC > HexCer, while in the decreasing order for caprine milk was Cer > SM > HexCer > PC. SM was the main class of polar lipids that showed a significant difference between human and bovine milk. The contents of SM (d14:0/20:0) and SM (d15:0/24:1) (15.90 and 16.55 μg/mL, respectively) were significantly higher in human milk than in bovine milk (P < 0.05), while there was no significant difference between caprine milk and human milk except for PC (26:0/0:0). The content of neutral lipids in human milk (47 749.40 μg/mL) was significantly higher than that in bovine and caprine milk (P < 0.05). The main neutral lipids that significantly differed between human milk and bovine and caprine milk were triglycerides. In particular, the contents of TG (14:0/16:0/18:0) and TG (16:0/17:0/18:0) in human milk were significantly lower than those in bovine and caprine milk (P < 0.05), and there were significant differences in the content of TG (17:2/18:0/20:5) among the three milks (P < 0.05). This study provides a theoretical basis for the study of lipids in infant formulas, and indicates that the identified differential lipid molecules can be used as a lipid marker for identification of bovine and caprine milk.

Key words: human milk, bovine milk, caprine milk, ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole-time of flight-mass spectrum, lipidomics

中图分类号:

TS252.1

张宏达，王立娜，张宇，李晓东，冷友斌，巩燕妮，蒋士龙. 基于脂质组学法对母乳、牛乳及羊乳脂质的差异分析[J]. 食品科学, 2020, 41(4): 207-213.

ZHANG Hongda, WANG Lina, ZHANG Yu, LI Xiaodong, LENG Youbin, GONG Yanni, JIANG Shilong. Comparative Lipidomic Analysis of Human, Bovine and Caprine Milk[J]. FOOD SCIENCE, 2020, 41(4): 207-213.

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基于脂质组学法对母乳、牛乳及羊乳脂质的差异分析

Comparative Lipidomic Analysis of Human, Bovine and Caprine Milk

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