Abstract: The gut microbiota play an important role in metabolism, maintaining human health and developing disease. In recent years, a series of studies on the gut microbiota have demonstrated that the intestinal flora is closely related to the occurrence and development of some metabolic syndromes (obesity, diabetes, and high blood pressure), allergic reactions, and neurodegenerative diseases. The relationship between the intestinal flora and human health has become a research hotspot, but the relationship between the gut microbiota and these diseases and the pathogenic mechanisms are still unclear. At present, 16S rRNA and macrogenomic analysis of intestinal flora structure and metabolites reveal the correlation between intestinal microorganisms and diabetes mellitus. As a special group of intestinal symbiotic bacteria, probiotics play an important role in regulating gastrointestinal homeostasis, nutrient metabolism and energy balance. Potential therapeutic strategies targeting the gut microbiota for diabetes have their unique advantages. This paper summarizes the recent progress in the application of probiotics in the prevention and treatment of diabetes, which will provide useful information for further research on diabetes.

Key words: gut microbiota, type II diabetes, probiotics, mechanism