Content of Nutrition & Hygiene in our journal

        Published in last 1 year |  In last 2 years |  In last 3 years |  All
    Please wait a minute...
    For Selected: Toggle Thumbnails
    Preventive Effect of Volvariella volvacea Fruit Body Polypeptides on Acute Alcoholic Liver Injury in Mice and Its Influence on Intestinal Microflora
    ZHANG Fangyi, LIN Hailu, CHEN Lili, LUO Xiaofang, CHU Lulu, JIANG Yuji, CHEN Bingzhi
    FOOD SCIENCE    2024, 45 (4): 135-143.   DOI: 10.7506/spkx1002-6630-20221213-135
    Abstract24)   HTML6)    PDF(pc) (4421KB)(30)       Save
    To investigate the preventive effect of Volvariella volvacea fruit body polypeptides (VVFP) on acute alcoholic liver injury in mice and its influence on the intestinal microbiota, VVFP (1–3 kDa molecular mass) which had been previously obtained by our laboratory was given by gavage to mice. The mice were randomly divided into six groups: blank control, model, positive control, low-dose VVFP, moderate-dose VVFP and high-dose VVFP. Serum indexes, liver indexes and histopathological sections were compared among these groups, and 16S rDNA gene high-throughput sequencing was used to analyze the diversity of the intestinal microflora and the relative abundance at the phyla and genus levels in each sample. Results showed that VVFP significantly reduced the levels of triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) activity in the serum and malondialdehyde (MDA) in the liver, and decreased the levels of the inflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6), and significantly increased the activities of alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH), total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX) in the liver. The 16S rRNA sequencing showed that VVFP significantly reduced the α-diversity indices Chao1 and observed species, increased the Shannon index, and regulated the abundance of Bacteroides, Firmicutes, Streptomyces, Lactobacillus and Vibrio, thereby reducing liver damage. In conclusion, VVFP can reduce alcoholic liver injury, which will provide a theoretical basis for the application of VVFP in the field of functional foods.
    Related Articles | Metrics
    Effect of Enteromorpha prolifera Polysaccharide on Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Intestinal Barrier Injury and Intestinal Microbial Composition in Mice
    ZHANG Yumei, XIE Chunyan, WU Xin
    FOOD SCIENCE    2024, 45 (3): 34-41.   DOI: 10.7506/spkx1002-6630-20230128-175
    Abstract31)   HTML9)    PDF(pc) (7804KB)(33)       Save
    Objective: This study was conducted to investigate the effect of Enteromorpha prolifera polysaccharide (EP) on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced intestinal barrier injury and the intestinal microbial composition in mice. Methods: Forty-eight 8-week-old C57BL/6J male mice were selected and randomly divided into four groups (12 mice/group): control (Ctrl), LPS, EP, and EP + LPS. The mice in the Ctrl and LPS groups were provided with a basal diet, and those in the EP and EP + LPS groups were given a basal diet supplemented with 600 mg/kg EP. After feeding for 28 days, the mice in the LPS and EP + LPS groups were injected intraperitoneally with 200 µL of LPS solution at a dose of 0.5 mg/kg body mass, and those in the Ctrl and EP groups were given the same dose of normal saline. Results: After 4 weeks of EP treatment, there was no significant change in LPS-induced liver damage or splenomegaly in mice (P > 0.05). Compared with the LPS group, EP treatment significantly reduced the serum levels of myeloperoxidase (MPO) (P < 0.05) and diamine oxidase (DAO) (P < 0.01), elevated the colonic gene expression of interleukin-1β (IL-1β) (P < 0.05), and decreased the colonic gene expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) (P < 0.05) and colonic Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) expression (P < 0.05). At the phylum level, EP treatment significantly increased the abundance of Verrucomicrobiota in mice with LPS-induced intestinal barrier injury (P < 0.01); at the genus level, it significantly decreased the abundance of Alloprevotella, Bacteroides and unclassified_o_Bacteroidales (P < 0.05) and increased the abundance of Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136_group, Anaerostipes and Akkermansia (P < 0.05). Conclusion: EP not only can prevent LPS-induced impairment of intestinal barrier function, but also can alleviate intestinal barrier damage in mice by regulating the expression of genes related to the TLR4 signaling pathway and the composition of the intestinal microbiota.
    Related Articles | Metrics
    Repairing Effect of Fucoxanthin on Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Mice
    REN Xiangyu, ZHENG Jiawen, TIAN Xiaoxiao, CAO Hongjie, LI Hangting, TANG Yunping, YANG Zuisu
    FOOD SCIENCE    2024, 45 (3): 42-52.   DOI: 10.7506/spkx1002-6630-20230404-034
    Abstract43)   HTML8)    PDF(pc) (14154KB)(48)       Save
    Objective: To explore the repairing effect and underlying mechanism of fucoxanthin on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) induced by a high-fat diet (HFD) in C57BL/6 mice. Methods: Fifty-two C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into four groups, including one normal group (n = 14) and three experimental groups (n = 38). The normal group was fed a regular diet, and the experimental groups were fed a HFD. After feeding for eight weeks, two animals were selected from the experimental groups for serum biochemical assays and liver histological observation, and the other 36 were divided into three groups (n = 12 each): model, low-dose and high-dose fucoxanthin, which were then administrated with physiological saline or fucoxanthin by gavage once a day for six weeks. Body mass was recorded weekly, and all mice were killed after fasting for 12 h at the end of the 14th week. The serum levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), free fatty acid (FFA), adiponectin, and leptin were measured. In addition, the levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, glutathione (GSH-Px), malondialdehyde (MDA), catalase (CAT), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in liver homogenate were also determined. Furthermore, hepatic histopathological changes were observed under microscope, and the protein expressions of the adenosine 5’-monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK), nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and toll-like receptors 4 (TLR4) signaling pathways in liver tissues were detected by Western blot. Results: Compared with the model group, the levels of TC, TG, LDL-C, ALT and AST in the fucoxanthin-treated groups were significantly decreased (P < 0.05), Leptin was decreased, while the levels of HDL-C and adiponectin were significantly increased (P < 0.05). Moreover, the levels of GSH-Px, SOD and CAT in the fucoxanthin-treated groups were significantly increased (P < 0.05), leptin was decreased, while the levels of MDA and inflammatory cytokines were significantly decreased (P < 0.05) compared with the model group. The results of hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) staining, oil red O staining, periodic acid-schiff staining (PAS), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) showed that the histological structure of the liver in the fucoxanthin-treated groups recovered to almost normal. The results of Western blot showed that fucoxanthin treatment upregulated the protein expression of phosphorylated adenosine 5’-monophosphate-activated protein kinase (p-AMPK), peroxisome proliferators-activated receptor α (PPARα), phosphorylated acetyl-CoA carboxylase (p-ACC), and carnitine acyl transferase 1 (CPT-1) in the AMPK signaling pathway, downregulated the expression of sterol regulatory element binding protein-1c (SREBP-1c) and fatty acid synthase (FAS), inhibited the level of Kelch-like epichlorohydrin-associated protein-1 (Keap-1) in the Keap-1/nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) signaling pathway, increased the expression of Nrf2 and its downstream antioxidant proteins heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), NAD(P)H quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1), and glutamate cysteine ligase modifier (GCLM), and downregulated the expression of TLR4, myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88), phosphorylated nuclear factor κB inhibitory protein α (p-IκBα), and phosphorylated nuclear factor κB (p65) (p-NF-κB (p65)) in the TLR4 signaling pathway. Conclusion: Fucoxanthin can repair HFD-induced NAFLD in mice through regulating lipid metabolism, reducing oxidative stress and suppressing inflammation.
    Related Articles | Metrics
    Garlic Polysaccharides Ameliorate Liver Injury in Mice Metabolic-Associated Fatty Liver Disease by Regulating the Nuclear Factor-κB Signaling Pathway
    LIU Jie, YU Wangning, WANG Chenghai, LI Sha, CHENG Liyuan, ZHANG Wei
    FOOD SCIENCE    2024, 45 (3): 53-60.   DOI: 10.7506/spkx1002-6630-20230322-226
    Abstract25)   HTML16)    PDF(pc) (5577KB)(25)       Save
    Objective: To investigate the protective effect of garlic polysaccharides against metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) in mice. Methods: Totally 50 male C57BL/6 mice were randomly equally divided into five groups, namely, normal, model, low-, medium-, and high-dose garlic polysaccharides (250, 1 000, and 3 000 mg/kg mb, respectively). After 28 days of feeding, serum and liver samples were taken for pathomorphological examination, biochemical assays, and quantitative analysis of the expression of the genes Hmox1, Cat, Gpx1, Tnf, Ccl2, Cxcl2, Cxcl10, IL-1a, IL-1b, Fasn, Acaca, Cpt1a, Acox, Cd36, Fabp1, Apob and Mttp. Results: Compared with the model group, garlic polysaccharides at the medium and high doses significantly alleviated MAFLD, restoring the pathological morphology to normal, bringing the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in liver tissue back to near-normal levels, and obviously restoring the expression of Hmox1, Tnf, Ccl2, Cxcl2, Cxcl10, Cpt1a, and Acox to normal levels. Conclusion: Intervention of garlic polysaccharides, especially at the medium dose, can basically eliminate liver damage caused by MAFLD. The underlying mechanism may be related to the regulation of lipid metabolism and inflammatory gene expression through suppressing the nuclear factor-κB signaling pathway, thereby reducing lipid deposition and lipid peroxidation.
    Related Articles | Metrics
    Dose-Response Modeling of Aflatoxin B1-Induced Apoptosis Rate in Rat Hepatocytes
    HUANG Aodi, YAN Jiahui, ZHANG Zhaohuan, LIU Haiquan, ZHAO Yong, OU Jie
    FOOD SCIENCE    2024, 45 (3): 61-67.   DOI: 10.7506/spkx1002-6630-20230328-273
    Abstract26)   HTML4)    PDF(pc) (12538KB)(19)       Save
    This study aimed to construct a dose-response model of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1)-induced apoptosis rate in rat hepatocytes by using quantitative data. The coefficients of determination (R2) and further mathematical tests showed that the Gamma model (R2 = 0.996 4, Akaike information criterion = 37.40, and Bayesian information criterion = 17.19) was superior to other models. Hence, the Gamma model was recommended as the optimal dose-response model for apoptosis rate in rat hepatocytes after acute exposure to AFB1 for hazard characterization in the framework of AFB1 risk assessment.
    Related Articles | Metrics
    In Vitro Anti-inflammatory and Hypoglycemic Activities of Polyphenols from Sargassum horneri
    HE Nianiao, LI Mengyu, CAI Shuyun, SHI Lijun, CHEN Weizhu, CHEN Hui, HONG Zhuan, ZHANG Yi, ZHANG Yiping
    FOOD SCIENCE    2024, 45 (3): 68-75.   DOI: 10.7506/spkx1002-6630-20230417-175
    Abstract27)   HTML2)    PDF(pc) (5877KB)(39)       Save
    The crude polyphenols extracted from Sargassum horneri were purified using macroporous adsorption resin, and the in vitro anti-inflammatory and hypoglycemic activities of the purified product were studied. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was used to induce RAW 264.7 macrophages to establish an in vitro inflammatory model. The optimal mass concentration of polyphenols from S. horneri was 40 μg/mL for reducing the NO content of inflammatory mediators. Compared with the model group, S. horneri polyphenols solution at 30 μg/mL significantly down-regulated the mRNA expression levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and IL-1β, and significantly inhibited the protein expression level of TNF-α, but had no significant inhibitory effect on the protein expression level of IL-1β; the inhibitory effect was positively correlated with the concentration of polyphenols. The half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of S. horneri polyphenols on α-glucosidase was 5.96 μg/mL. According to the double reciprocal curve, the competitive inhibition constant (Kic) and noncompetitive inhibition constant (Kiu) were 0.06 and 6.68 μg/mL, respectively, indicating that the mode of inhibition was mixed-type with non-competitive being greater than competitive inhibition. Polyphenols from S. horneri have good anti-inflammatory and hypoglycemic activities, and can be used as a natural raw material in the fields of foods, health products and cosmetics.
    Related Articles | Metrics
    Effect of Acer truncatum Seed Oil on Physiological Indicators and Intestinal Flora in Aging Drosophila melanogaster
    LI Xiujuan, WEI Jingjing, CHAI Xuejun, LIU Yafei, HUANG Junlang, LIU Wei, CHEN Shulin, ZHU Xiaoyan, ZHAO Shanting
    FOOD SCIENCE    2024, 45 (3): 76-83.   DOI: 10.7506/spkx1002-6630-20230321-210
    Abstract19)   HTML4)    PDF(pc) (6633KB)(17)       Save
    The aim of this study was to explore the effect of Acer truncatum seed oil (ATO) on physiological indicators and the intestinal flora in aging Drosophila melanogaster. Wild-type D. melanogaster was cultured on a basal medium supplemented with 10, 20 or 40 g/kg ATO, and its behavioral changes such as lifespan, crawling ability, and olfactory memory and heat tolerance capacity were evaluated. The activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) were measured. The midguts were collected to examine changes in gut microbiota composition by using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Compared with the control group, the average lifespan of D. melanogasters in each ATO intervention group was significantly increased (P < 0.000 1); the most pronounced antiaging effect was observed at 20 g/kg ATO, where the average lifespan was prolonged by 31%. In addition, the crawling ability, olfactory memory and heat tolerance capacity were improved, and the activities of SOD and GSH-Px were increased in the 20 g/kg ATO intervention group. Aging changed the composition and structure of the gut microbiota in D. melanogasters. The results of linear discriminant analysis effect size (LEfSe) analysis suggested that the relative abundance of Enterobacteriaceae, Gluconobacter and Morganella morganii were increased in aging D. melanogasters, which was inhibited by ATO supplementation. To summarize, ATO has an anti-aging effect, alleviates physiological decline in D. melanogaster and prolongs its lifespan. The underlying mechanism may be related to changing the richness, evenness and structure of the gut microbiota in aging D. melanogasters, thereby regulating the gut microbiota and improving the antioxidant capacity.
    Related Articles | Metrics
    Preparation and Antihypertensive Effect of Microcapsules Containing Medicinal and Culinary Plant Materials and Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibitory Peptide
    XIA Yu, LI Xiaodong, LIU Lu, ZHOU Wenli, JIA Zhibin, JIAO Yang, XIE Qinggang
    FOOD SCIENCE    2024, 45 (3): 84-93.   DOI: 10.7506/spkx1002-6630-20230321-206
    Abstract29)   HTML7)    PDF(pc) (12015KB)(31)       Save
    In this study, the antihypertensive effect of microcapsules containing a mixture of goji berry, hawthorn and cassia seed at a mass ratio of 4:1:1 and angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory peptide in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) was assessed. The ACE inhibition rate of the microcapsules containing the mixture and ACE inhibitory peptide at a mass ratio of 1:2 was 78.19%, which was significantly higher than those of the mixture of medicinal and culinary plant materials (69.46%) and ACE inhibitory peptide (71.48%) alone (P < 0.05). Under optimized encapsulation conditions (solid content of 10%, inlet air temperature of 160 ℃, core-to-wall ratio of 1:15, and a 1:4 mixture of modified starch and maltodextrin as wall material), an encapsulation efficiency of 82.76% was obtained. After intestinal digestion for 240 min, the release rate of the as-prepared microcapsules was 81.40%, and the bitter taste was significantly reduced (P < 0.05). Animal experiments showed that the microcapsules significantly reduced blood pressure in SHR, significantly increased the plasma contents of ACE2 and angiotensin 1-7 (Ang(1-7)), and reduced plasma ACE content and the contents of angiotensin II (AngII) in the plasma, heart, kidney and thoracic aorta (P < 0.05). The effect was more pronounced than those of the mixture of medicinal and culinary plant materials and ACE inhibitory peptide, confirming the synergism between them. The composite microcapsules can not only reduce blood pressure by regulating the renin-angiotensin system but also significantly reduce the degree of cardiac and thoracic aorta fibrosis in SHR, thereby improving organ damage caused by hypertension.
    Related Articles | Metrics
    Hypoglycemic and Antioxidant Effects of Camellia nitidissima Flower on Type 2 Diabetic Mice
    LIU Fenfen, PU Shoucheng, ZHAO Wenliang, WANG Yiting, XUE Chen, XU Lishan
    FOOD SCIENCE    2024, 45 (3): 94-101.   DOI: 10.7506/spkx1002-6630-20230313-124
    Abstract42)   HTML5)    PDF(pc) (11384KB)(31)       Save
    Objective: To comprehensively evaluate the hypoglycemic and antioxidant effects of Camellia nitidissima flower. Methods: The chemical constituents in the aqueous extract of C. nitidissima flower (CFA) were identified by high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS). Next, a mouse model of type 2 diabetes was established, and the diabetic mice were randomly divided into five groups: model, positive control (acarbose at 20 mg/kg mb), low-, medium- and high-dose CFA (200, 400 and 800 mg/kg mb, respectively). After five weeks of intragastric intervention, general growth characteristics, serum glucose, fasting insulin (FINS) and lipid levels, oxidative stress in pancreas and liver tissues, tissue morphological changes and cell apoptosis were analyzed. Results: CFA had a high content of polyphenols and polysaccharides. The half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) values for scavenging of 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical and α-glucosidase inhibition were (24.14 ± 0.64) and (69.99 ± 1.97) μg/mL, respectively. Seven compounds were identified from CFA. In addition, CFA could effectively improve the ‘three more and one less’ symptoms of diabetic mice, significantly reduce the levels of fasting blood glucose (FBG), postprandial blood glucose (PBG), total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and malondialdehyde (MDA), increase the levels of insulin and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), improve the activities of total superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), and alleviate pathological damage in pancreas and liver tissues. Conclusion: CFA has significant hypoglycemic and antioxidant effects on type 2 diabetic mice.
    Related Articles | Metrics
    Regulatory Effect of High-Protein Diet on Circadian Rhythm of Lipid Metabolism in Obese Mice
    JIANG Zhiqing, DENG Guoliang, ZENG Fanhang, SHAO Ru, ZHU Rongxiang, TANG Xue
    FOOD SCIENCE    2023, 44 (23): 95-103.   DOI: 10.7506/spkx1002-6630-20221122-261
    Abstract44)   HTML8)    PDF(pc) (7003KB)(31)       Save
    This study aimed to investigate the regulatory effect of high-protein diet on circadian rhythm disturbances of lipid metabolism in obese mice induced by high-fat diet. Totally 120 specific pathogen-free (SPF)-grade C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into normal, high-fat and high-fat/high-protein groups. The metabolic status of mice was monitored at the 4th and 12th week of intervention, and mice were sacrificed at 2, 8, 14, and 20 o’clock after completion of feeding. Lipid levels in blood and liver, the expression of genes related to fat anabolism and catabolism and the expression of circadian rhythm-related genes were measured, and circadian rhythm changes were analyzed. The results showed that high-fat feeding caused an increase in body mass and obesity index and a decrease in voluntary activity and caloric expenditure during the active period. The changes were accompanied by dyslipidemia and an abnormal increase in liver lipid levels, manifested by continuous gene expression of acetyl-CoA carboxylase and fatty acid synthetase, key enzymes involved in fat anabolism in liver, at high levels during the active and resting periods, a slow increase in the gene expression of sensitive lipase and acetyl-CoA oxidase, key enzymes involved in fat catabolism in liver, and changes in the diurnal variation pattern. Compared with high-fat intervention, high-protein intervention significantly increased the amount of voluntary activity and energy expenditure during the active period, restored the expression rhythm of fat synthase that was higher during the active period and lower during the rest period, and resulted in high-level expression of ACOX, a key enzyme gene involved in fat catabolism, after ingestion, showing obvious circadian rhythms. Further analysis showed that the improvement effects of high-protein intervention on circadian rhythm disorders of lipid metabolism caused by high-fat diet were closely related to the regulation of the expression of two clock genes in liver, circadian locomotor output cycle kaput (CLOCK) and brain and muscle-Arnt-like protein 1 (BMAL1). In conclusion, high-protein diets can alleviate biological clock disorders in liver induced by high-fat diets and ameliorate hepatic lipid metabolism disorders in mice by stabilizing circadian rhythms.
    Related Articles | Metrics
    Effects of Differently Processed Carrots on Ulcerative Colitis in Mice
    ZHAO Mingjiao, ZHONG Yadong, ZHANG Hao, HU Jielun, XIONG Tao, NIE Shaoping, XIE Mingyong
    FOOD SCIENCE    2023, 44 (23): 104-113.   DOI: 10.7506/spkx1002-6630-20221203-029
    Abstract56)   HTML3)    PDF(pc) (10122KB)(38)       Save
    The incidence of ulcerative colitis (UC) has been increasing in recent years. Due to the limitations of traditional drug therapies for UC, natural foods that can prevent this disease and alleviate its symptoms are becoming a research hot topic, but the effects of processing methods on their activity remain unknown. Therefore, the effects of three different processing methods (pulping, high-temperature cooking, and fermentation) on carotenoid and dietary fiber contents as well as carotenoid bioaccessibility in carrots were explored in this study. C57BL/6J mice were used to create a mouse model of UC induced by dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) and the mice received dietary intervention with freeze dried powder of carrots (5.05%, on a dry mass basis) for 14 days. Body mass change, disease activity index (DAI) and colon parameters (length, pathology, inflammatory factors, oxidative stress level, goblet cell number, tight junction protein expression, and short-chain fatty acid content) were analyzed to evaluate the effects of three differently processed carrots on UC. The results showed compared with pulping, high-temperature cooking and fermentation significantly decreased the soluble, insoluble and total dietary fiber contents of carrots (P < 0.05), increased the bioaccessibility of carotenoids (P < 0.05), while fermentation significantly increased the proportion of soluble dietary fiber in total dietary fiber (P < 0.05). Compared with the model group, all processed carrots could significantly inhibit the change of body mass loss and DAI (P < 0.05), decrease the levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-6 (P < 0.05), increase the level of IL-10 (P < 0.05), and up-regulate the expression of tight junction proteins (ZO-1, claudin-1, and occludin) (P < 0.05). High-temperature cooked or fermented carrots could significantly alleviate colon shortening (P < 0.05), and relieve the pathological damage of colon tissue (P < 0.05). Meanwhile, fermented carrots could significantly inhibit the production of malondialdehyde (MDA) (P < 0.05), improve the decrease in the number of goblet cells (P < 0.05), increase the level of butyric acid (P < 0.05) and possess the best inhibitory effect on IL-6 production. In summary, differently processed carrots could ameliorate ulcerative colitis to different extends, the most pronounced effect being observed with fermented carrots.
    Related Articles | Metrics
    Effect of Microwave Treatment and Drying Time on the Antioxidant Activity of in Vitro Digested Dried Abalone
    LIAO Yuqin, HAN Yaohui, REN Zhongyang, SHI Linfan, WENG Wuyin, HUANG Wenmei
    FOOD SCIENCE    2023, 44 (23): 114-122.   DOI: 10.7506/spkx1002-6630-20221129-341
    Abstract42)   HTML3)    PDF(pc) (5130KB)(29)       Save
    During oven drying of abalone muscle, microwave treatment was conducted at regular time intervals (0, 30, 60, 90 and 120 days). Abalone muscle digestion products (AMDP) were prepared by subjecting dried abalone to in vitro simulated digestion. Our aim was to investigate the effect of microwave treatment during the drying of abalone muscle on the in vitro and in vivo antioxidant activities of AMDP. The results showed that the half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) values of AMDP from fresh abalone muscle for scavenging capacity against hydroxyl (·OH) radicals, N,N-dimethyl-p-phenylenediamine dihydrochloride (DMPD) and 1,1-diphenyl-2-phenylhydrazine (DPPH) radical were 3.04, 15.18 and 21.12 mg/mL, respectively. The IC50 values for the scavenging of these three radical species decreased gradually with increasing the drying time of abalone muscle. After being fed AMDP from abalone muscle dried for 120 days, the body length of Caenorhabditis elegans increased from 768.90 to 1 034.62 μm, the head swing frequency increased from 206 to 281 times/min, and the life span was extended by 36.16% under normal conditions and by 59.41% and 38.48% under heat stress and oxidative stress conditions, respectively compared with the control group. Meanwhile, with prolonging the drying time of abalone muscle, the antioxidant enzyme activities, reduced glutathione (GSH) content and total antioxidant capacity of C. elegans fed AMDP increased, and the reactive oxygen species (ROS) content decreased. In summary, prolonging the drying time and using microwave treatment during the drying process could improve the antioxidant capacity of AMDP.
    Related Articles | Metrics
    Effect of Fish Oil on Enteritis Damage and Intestinal Gene Expression Profiles in Vibrio parahaemolyticus Infected Mice
    WANG Rundong, ZHOU Kui, DENG Yijia, ZHANG Yuhao, LI Xuepeng, LI Jianrong
    FOOD SCIENCE    2023, 44 (23): 123-133.   DOI: 10.7506/spkx1002-6630-20221204-040
    Abstract38)   HTML4)    PDF(pc) (9467KB)(28)       Save
    Fish oil (FO) can modulate the gut ecosystem and improve intestinal health, but the specific role and mechanism of FO in preventing foodborne pathogen infection are still unclear. In this study, the effect of FO on enteritis damage and intestinal gene expression profiles in Vibrio parahaemolyticus (Vp) infected mice was investigated. The disease activity index (DAI) score, the colonic histopathological score (HIS), the expression of intestinal fibrosis biomarkers (type I and type III collagen), the contents of the cytokines interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα), the activities of the antioxidant enzymes catalase (AT), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and total antioxidant enzymes (TAE) and the colonic gene expression profiles in the mouse model of Vp infection were measured before and after FO intervention. The results showed that gavage with 4.0 mg/d FO significantly reduced DAI scores and HIS, and alleviated colonic pathological damage. FO could also significantly down-regulate the expression of intestinal fibrosis-related proteins (P < 0.05), maintain intestinal barrier functions, and inhibit cytokine-mediated excessive inflammation and oxidative stress. Thus, FO reduced body damage induced by Vp infection by altering the gene expression pattern in the colon, up-regulating the gene expression of peroxisome proliferator activated receptor (PPAR), enriching the PPAR signaling pathway, and inhibiting the nuclear factor-κB signaling pathway. Hence, dietary supplementation of FO can protect the body against foodborne pathogens.
    Related Articles | Metrics
    Anti-aging Effect of Inactivated Bacillus sp. DU-106 in Caenorhabditis elegans
    ZHANG Yuwei, ZHAO Wenjun, LI Weijie, DU Bing, LI Pan
    FOOD SCIENCE    2023, 44 (23): 134-141.   DOI: 10.7506/spkx1002-6630-20221207-078
    Abstract48)   HTML5)    PDF(pc) (7122KB)(48)       Save
    The aim of this study was to investigate the antioxidant and anti-aging effects and underlying mechanisms of inactivated Bacillus sp. DU-106 in Caenorhabditis elegans. The antioxidant activity of inactivated Bacillus sp. DU-106 was evaluated by in vitro free radical scavenging assay. The effects of inactivated Bacillus sp. DU-106 at various concentrations on the lifespan, stress response and antioxidant capacity of C. elegans were observed. The results illustrated that inactivated Bacillus sp. DU-106 possessed strong free radical scavenging capacity in vitro, meanwhile, inactivated Bacillus sp. DU-106 effectively extended the lifespan of C. elegans and improved its movement and stress resistance. Different concentrations of inactivated Bacillus sp. DU-106 increased the levels of catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione in a dose-dependent manner. Fluorescence microscopy showed that treatment with inactivated Bacillus sp. DU-106 significantly reduced lipofuscin levels in C. elegans. In conclusion, inactivated Bacillus sp. DU-106 can exert an anti-aging effect perhaps by reducing lipofuscin accumulation and increasing the levels of antioxidant enzymes in C. elegans. This study provides a powerful basis for the development of Bacillus for application in nutraceuticals.
    Related Articles | Metrics
    Protective Effect of Antioxidant Peptides Derived from Yak Milk Casein on Oxidative Stress Injury in HEK293 Cells
    WU Dengyu, WEI Ti, MA Zhongren, SONG Li, YANG Jutian, CAI Yong, GAO Dandan
    FOOD SCIENCE    2023, 44 (23): 142-150.   DOI: 10.7506/spkx1002-6630-20221110-115
    Abstract46)   HTML4)    PDF(pc) (5298KB)(33)       Save
    In this experiment, HEK293 cells were induced by H2O2 to establish a cell model of oxidative damage, and the optimal H2O2 concentration and treatment time were determined. The effects of five antioxidant peptides (AFK, IEQI, FPFF, LPVPQ and RELEEL) derived from yak milk casein on the survival rate, malondialdehyde (MDA) content, antioxidant enzyme activities, reduced glutathione and oxidized glutathione contents of the damaged cells were studied, and the mechanism of action of the antioxidant peptides was explored to provide a theoretical basis for their development and application in high value-added biological products and functional foods. The results showed that these antioxidant peptides had different scavenging effects on different radical species, but they all showed a dose-effect relationship. After being treated with a final concentration of 400 μmol/L H2O2 for 12 h, the inhibitory rate of HEK293 cells was (46.21 ± 0.40)%. Cytotoxicity test showed that the five antioxidant peptides had no toxic or side effects on HEK-293 cells, and did not promote cell proliferation either. These antioxidant peptides could significantly reduce the contents of malondialdehyde (except LPVPQ) and oxidized glutathione in HEK293 cells damaged by oxidation, and enhance the activity of antioxidant enzymes. RELEEL at a concentration of 200 μg/mL significantly reduced MDA content to (0.062 ± 0.000) nmol/104 cells and increased glutathione content to (61.17 ± 2.48) μg/106 cells while maintaining high GSH/GSSG ratio of 64.93 ± 0.95. The antioxidant peptide LPVPQ at 200 μg/mL significantly reduced the content of oxidized glutathione to (0.74 ± 0.26) μg/106 cells and increased the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) to (1.17 ± 0.02) U/104 cells; the antioxidant peptide AFK at 200 μg/mL significantly enhanced catalase (CAT) activity to (0.60 ± 0.09) U/104 cells. These results indicate that the antioxidant peptides derived from yak milk casein have positive effects on cells damaged by oxidation, which can provide a reference for further development of relevant products.
    Related Articles | Metrics
    Antiobesity and Lipid-Lowering Effects of Wheat Bran Polyphenols in Obese Rats
    YAN Huan, YANG Zhong, HAN Jia
    FOOD SCIENCE    2023, 44 (23): 151-164.   DOI: 10.7506/spkx1002-6630-20221106-056
    Abstract58)   HTML5)    PDF(pc) (3780KB)(35)       Save
    This study aimed to observe the antiobesity and lipid-lowering effects of wheat bran polyphenols (WBP) in diet-induced obese rats, and to explore its possible mechanism. Eighty 6-week-old SD rats, half from each gender, were adaptively fed for one week. Ten rats were randomly selected from them and fed on a basal diet to serve as a blank control group. The remaining 70 rats were fed on a high-fat diet until the body mass gain exceeded 20%. Totally 50 obese rats were selected from the 70 rats and randomly divided into five groups of 10 rats each: model (distilled water 5.0 mL/kg mb), positive control (trimethylglycine (TMG), 0.10 g/kg mb), low-dose WBP (WBP-L, 1.50 g/kg mb), medium-dose WBP (WBP-M, 3.00 g/kg mb), and high-dose WBP (WBP-H, 6.00 g/kg mb). Each drug was administered daily at a dose of 5.0 mL/kg mb by gavage. The rats in the blank control group were gavaged with distilled water (5.0 mL/kg mb) for nine weeks. During the intervention period, body mass and food intake of the rats were measured once a week and food effect was calculated. After completion of the intervention period, the rats were fasted for 12 hours with access to water and then anesthetized with ether to collect blood samples from the abdominal aorta and liver and surrounding adipose tissue to calculate liver coefficients and obesity indexes. Sera were separated from the blood samples for measurement of biochemical indicators. Liver tissues were homogenized for analyses of antiinflammatory and antioxidant parameters. Moreover, the degree of hepatic steatosis was pathohistologically observed. The results showed that WBP at all doses could reduce the food effect, inhibit the body mass gain in obese rats, reduce the liver mass and liver coefficient, and significantly lower the levels of triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and creatinine (CREA) in the sera of obese rats. In addition, all doses of WBP decreased the levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-1β. tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), adiponectin (ADPN) and leptin (LEP) in the liver homogenate of obese rats to varying degrees, but significantly increased glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), lipoprotein lipase (LPL), and hepaticlipase (HL) levels (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01); the effect of WBP was more pronounced than that of TMG. In conclusion, WBP can exert antiobesity, lipid-lowering and hepatoprotective functions by inhibiting the degree of obesity in simple obesity rats, reducing serum lipid levels, alleviating chronic inflammation caused by obesity, and inhibiting liver injury. Therefore, WBP has the potential to be developed as a functional food and health product with antiobesity and lipid-lowering effects. This study provides a theoretical reference for scientific and reasonable development of wheat bran.
    Related Articles | Metrics
    Protective Effect of Solanum tuberosum Anthocyanin against Radiation-Induced Hematopoietic Stem/Progenitor Cell Senescence via the p53-p21Waf1/Cip1 Pathway
    CHEN Caiyun, WANG Ruoyu, ZHANG Jiale, ZHANG Yiming, SHI Tala, MI Wei
    FOOD SCIENCE    2023, 44 (21): 131-136.   DOI: 10.7506/spkx1002-6630-20221009-068
    Abstract48)   HTML8)    PDF(pc) (4019KB)(50)       Save
    Objective: To investigate the molecular mechanism underlying the protective effect of Solanum tuberosum anthocyanin (STA) on radiation-induced hematopoietic stem/progenitor cell senescence. Methods: C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into three groups: control, model, STA treatment and STA prevention, and the cell senescence model was constructed by X-ray irradiation. The hemogram of mice in each group were examined using a hematology analyzer after drug administration. Stem cell antigen 1 positive hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (Sca-1+HSC/HPCs) were isolated and purified from each group by immunomagnetic cell sorting and were stained using a senescence-associated β-galactosidase (SA-β-Gal) kit to calculate the proportion of SA-β-Gal positive cells. The number of mixed lineage colony forming unit (CFU-Mix) was used to evaluate the colony-forming capacity and differentiation potential of hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells. Cell cycle was analyzed by flow cytometry. The mRNA and protein expression of p53 and p21Waf1/Cip1 were detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and Western blot. Results: The numbers of red blood cells (RBCs), white blood cells (WBCs) and platelets in the peripheral blood were significantly lower in the model group than in the control group (P < 0.01). In addition, compared with the control group, the proportion of SA-β-Gal positive cells significantly increased (P < 0.01), the number of CFU-Mix significantly fell (P < 0.01), the proportion of G0/G1 phase cells significantly increased, the proportions of G2/M and S phase cells significantly dropped (P < 0.01), and the relative mRNA and protein expression levels of p53 and p21Waf1/Cip1 significantly increased in the model group (P < 0.01). STA could significantly restore the above parameters of mice in the model group irrespective of whether it was administered before or after X-ray radiation, with more pronounced effect being observed in the former case. Conclusion: STA can protect hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells against radiation by regulating the p53-p21Waf1/Cip1 pathway.
    Related Articles | Metrics
    Antitumor Effect of Laminaria japonica Polysaccharide WLP5 in MCF-7 Breast Cancer Cell-Bearing Mice
    CAO Mingyuan, LI Ying, QI Guohong, YANG Zhiping, HUANG Dechun, CHEN Guitang
    FOOD SCIENCE    2023, 44 (21): 137-143.   DOI: 10.7506/spkx1002-6630-20230212-101
    Abstract45)   HTML9)    PDF(pc) (6948KB)(23)       Save
    In order to investigate the effect of Laminaria japonica polysaccharide WLP5, obtained by hot water extraction, on immune function and the growth of tumor in MCF-7 breast cancer cell-bearing mice, MCF-7 tumor-bearing nude mice were randomly divided into four groups (n = 10 each): model, positive control (doxorubicin hydrochloride, 0.4 μg/kg mb), low-dose (50 μg/kg mb) and high-dose (200 μg/kg mb) WLP5. All mice were treated by intragastric administration every other day for 50 days. The long and short diameters of tumor, tumor volume, tumor inhibition rate, hematological indicators and the concentrations of serum cytokines including interleukin-2 (IL-2), IL-6, transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) were determined and pathological changes of liver and tumor sections from mice in each group were observed. The results showed that the long diameter, short diameter and volume of tumor in the low- and high-dose WLP5 groups significantly decreased in comparison to the model group (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01), and the tumor inhibition rates were 36.5% and 48.9%, respectively. Compared with the model group, monocyte percentage significantly decreased (P < 0.05) and mean platelet volume significantly increased in the high-dose group (P < 0.05), but no significant differences were found in any other hematological indicators. Moreover, WLP5 at low and high doses significantly increased the release of IL-2 and IL-6 (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). The results of pathological sections suggested that the liver tissue of mice in the high-dose group was complete, while the tumor cells showed large areas of necrosis and the nuclei disappeared, indicating that WLP5 has strong antitumor effect in vivo without obvious toxicity to normal cells or tissues. The antitumor activity of WLP5 is related to the regulation of immune function.
    Related Articles | Metrics
    Effect of Olive Oil Rich in Hydroxyl Tyrosol on Hyperlipidemic Mice
    YE Wenbin, CHEN Wendong, WANG Yu, ZHANG Kai, HUANG Xinyi, DI Duolong
    FOOD SCIENCE    2023, 44 (21): 144-150.   DOI: 10.7506/spkx1002-6630-20221028-298
    Abstract38)   HTML8)    PDF(pc) (3359KB)(35)       Save
    This study was undertaken in order to study the effect of olive oil rich in hydroxyl tyrosol (OHT) on blood glucose and lipids in hyperlipidemic mice. Mice with hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia induced by intragastric administration of lipid emulsion and 75% egg yolk in water were randomly divided into six groups: hyperlipidemia model, OHT at high, middle and low dosages (200, 100, and 50 mg/kg mb), olive oil (OL) and philbert (PL) as a positive control. Normal mice given normal saline was used as a control group. After continuous administration for 28 days, the effect of OHT on fasting blood glucose (FBG), glycated hemoglobin (HbAlc), total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), total bilirubin (TBIL), total bile acid (TBA), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), gamma-ammonia acyltransferase (GGT) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) in mice in each group were analyzed, and the acute and chronic toxicity of OHT was evaluated. The results showed that compared to the model group, OHT effectively decreased the levels of FBG, HbAlc, TC, TG, LDL, TBIL and TBA, increased the level of HDL, and inhibited the activities of ALT, AST, GGT and ALP. It significantly improved glucose and lipid metabolic disorders, and reduced body mass in a dose-dependent fashion. OHT had no acute or chronic toxicity to normal mice and could significantly increase the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) in the serum, reduce the level of malondialdehyde (MDA), improve the antioxidant capacity, and control the body mass of mice. In summary, OHT has hypoglycemic and lipid-lowering effects in hyperlipidemic mice, and is non-toxic. This study can provide a reference for the development of lipid-lowering products using olive oil.
    Related Articles | Metrics
    Ameliorative Effect and Mechanism of Cerasus humilis (Bge.) Sok on Insomnia in Mice
    FU Rao, LIANG Zhe, WEN Xin, NI Yuanying
    FOOD SCIENCE    2023, 44 (21): 151-158.   DOI: 10.7506/spkx1002-6630-20230213-120
    Abstract45)   HTML4)    PDF(pc) (2849KB)(22)       Save
    The release characteristics of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) from the fruits of ‘Nongda 4’, ‘Nongda 7’ and ‘Yanshan 2’ Cerasus humilis (Bge.) Sok were studied during in vitro simulated digestion and ‘Nongda 4’ C. humilis (Bge.) Sok, with the highest GABA content, was selected to evaluate the improving effect of its fruit pulp on sleep behavior in mice by acute toxicity test, elevated cross maze test, pentobarbital sodium-indued immediate sleep test, prolonged sleep duration test, and sodium barbiturate-induced sleep latency test. The results showed that oral administration of 800 mg/kg mb C. humilis (Bge.) Sok. fruit pulp could significantly prolong the sleep duration of mice with insomnia (P < 0.05), increase the sleep rate, and shorten the sleep latency. The ameliorative effect may be related to down-regulating the levels of proinflammatory factors and regulating the function of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis.
    Related Articles | Metrics