After the horseradish peroxidase (HRP) was treated with different strengths of electric field, the HRP and activity index were assayed by ultraviolet-visible spectra. The results have shown that the HRP ultraviolet-visible spectra have been obviously changed accordingly. Experimental results also indicated that the conformation of HRP can be changed by electric field strengths and the activity index of HRP increase with certain strength of electric field. The increase of activity index might possibly be caused by the conformation changes of HRP. The results of this might have important meaning to further explore the macroscopical electrostatic biological effects.

Identifications of fresh tomato flavor substances in 16 cultivars with SPME (solid phase microextraction) and SDE- GCMS(steam distillation mass spectromepry), giving out the chemical components and the differences of cultivars.

The oligo-konjac glucomannan sulfate product was prepared after alcohol sediment twice, with dialysis and vacuum freezing drying. By determining respectively the contents of sulfate and sugar, the sulfated sample Ⅰand non-sulfated sample Ⅱwere obtained by gel filtration. The sample Ⅰappeared as a single band by separax electrophoresis. The weight average of relative molecular weight of hydroxypropyl sulfated oligo-konjac glucomannan is 1595D, the number average of relative molecular weight is 1572D, and PDI (MW/MN) is 1.01 by GPC.

The electrochemistry behaviors of gingerol were tested with differential pulse voltammetry and cyclic voltammetry in this article. The results indicated that the good anti-oxidation characteristic of gingerol was based on its great electrochemistry activeness. It was found that the activity was enhancing when pH was from 4 to 9, and gingerol’s Epa (electric potential of oxidation peak) was 0.16V, the precipitation electric potential of oxygen was 0.39V. Thus gingerol displayed the reducibility when it acted on active oxygen atoms, it took place oxidation reaction through receiving oxygen. Furthermore, the cyclic Voltammetry curve of gingerol indicated that the reaction was half reversible process.

Objective: The extraction process of protamine from Oncorhynchus Keta spermary and its antimicrobial activities were studied. The extraction conditions of extracting protamine were optimized by the orthogonal design: H2SO4 concentration 7.5%, volume H2SO4 3.5 times that of speractary volume of 95% alcohol solution 3 times that of spermary and extraction time 2 hours. The nutritive values of the protamine were analysed. The results showed that the protein content of protamine is 89.7%, and the content of arginine is even higher. The results of active test suggested that the protamine shows fairly high antimicrobial activity against gram-negative bacteria, gram-positive bacteria and Saccharomyces cerevisiae as well. It is an effectiven aturala ntiseptic.

The gel properties and the protein component changes during surimi gel forming of freshwater fishes, Sliver Carp, Bighead, Grass Carp and Crucian Carp, were investigated by assaying the protein components and gel properties and SDS-PAGE electrophoresis. The contents of crude protein in these fish species were not much different. However, the gel strength in surimi gel was obviously different because of the difference in the content of salt-soluble protein. The percentage of salt-soluble protein and water-soluble protein decreased gradually during surimi-based products manufacturing, while that of the insoluble protein increased. Elastic gel formed from meat smashing with salt and formed mainly during low temperature setting. SDS-PAGE pattern showed that the content of myosin heavy chain (MHC) decreased obviously during surimi gel forming, while that of the myosin light chain (MLC) and actin had no change. Transglutaminase (TGase) catalysed the formation of gamma-Glu-epsilon- Lys isopeptide bonds among myosin heavy chain and created the insoluble protein with network structure.

The extraction technology and antioxidant activity of lignans in sesame cake were studied. Solid-liquid ratio, extraction time, temperature, times were selected as four factors to design the orthogonal test, and the optimum conditions of extraction were obtained. The results showed that the optimum conditions for the extraction are as follows: Solid-liquid ratio 1:6, extraction time 10h, temperature 55℃ and times 3. The crude extract rate was accounted for 2.62%. The antilipid-peroxidationof the extract on liver was assayed by the determination of malondialdehyde(MDA) with TBA spectrometric method. The results showed that the extract of sesame cake can inhibit the lipidperoxidation of liver and the lipidperoxidation of mitochondria can be induced by Fe2+-VC.

Active components were extracted by different solvents and different means from the flowers of Impatiens balsamina L., and their antioxidative capacities were determined by solvent box method. Tests revealed that the different extracts all have antioxidant activity, and the water extract shows the strongest. The antioxidant capacity of the extraction which obtained from the flowers of Impatiens balsamina L.(100g per) is equivalent to the antioxidant capacity of VC 2.3g, quercetion0.76g, rutin 0.02g,r espectively.

This paper studied the crystallization properties of the lotus root’s native starch and different storage changes during and after gelatinization. Results showed that the crystal structure of the lotus root starch is B type, while that of amylase is V type and amylopectin shows no crystal structure. The crystal collapses during gelatinization. However, tiny crystals appear when gelatinization goes on. Lotus root starch paste and gel become steady during storage but the crystallization (eve) slightly increases.

The Auricularia auricular polysaccharides were extracted by proteinase and celluloase, purified by DEAE- Cellulose 52 and Sepharose CL-4B chromatography.The molecular weight was determined by Sephadex G -100 chromatograph. The results showed that there are two main fractions in Auricularia auricular polysaccharides with the molecular weight of 31.7×104 and 18.3×104, respectively, which are non-starch polysaccharides, free of simple sugar, protein, nuclear acid and phenols.

The variations of free amino acids of excised tea leaves under anoxic stress were studied. The results showed that: The total content of free amino acids of excised tea fresh leaves is 2.5%. The Gabaron endemic amino acids of tea-theanine are determinated besides the normal protein amino acids. The free amino acids in high contents are Glu, Pro, Asp, Arg, His,while in low contents are Thr, Ser, Gly. The total content of free amino acids of excised tea leaves is raised to 3.4% after 3h anoxic state. The contents of Pro, Gaba, Gly, Ser, Ala, Val, Thr are increased with the contents of Pro and Gaba even 3 and 15 times higher than those in the normal condition respectively, but the contents of Glu with Asp are reduced, with the rates respectively 45% and 36%. The contents of the other amino acids are stable.

A second order polynomial equation for high hydrostatic pressure (HHP) sterilization of B.Subtilis AS1.1380 in tomato juice was established with response surface methodology (RSM). The validation data under different experimental levels were verified. Key factors affecting sterilization such as temperature, pressure and pressure holding time were analyzed by the response surface plots and their corresponding contour plots. The optimum processing parameters for sterilization of B.Subtilis AS1.1380 of 6 log cycles in tomato juice are: temperature 33.5℃, pressure 469.2MPa, and pressure holding time 14.0min.

Brewing process including mashing, boiling, fermentation and filtration was studied by electron spin resonance(ESR) method in this paper. It was found that free radicals were yielded mostly during boiling phase, while a decline after fermentation and an increase after filtration occurred. Free radical generation courses of each phase before or after fermentation were different, especially between wort and beer, which meant different kinds of oxidants in them. The former has a persistent effect mainly inhibiting the antioxidant formation in late incubation, while the latter has a rapid effect of scavenging the antioxidant in the early incubation. A new-type free radical (FR1) is found in the saccharifying phase related intimately to the formation and quantity of ·OH.

Flavonoids from jujube pit were extracted with 60% percent ethanol and separated by AB-8 macroporous adsorption resin.DPPH free radical scavenging efficiency of flavonoids from jujube pit was studied first in this experiment. The results showed that the flavonoids from jujube pit have powerful scavenging efficiency to DPPH free radical. Its IC50 is 6.5μg/ml. The increase in the degree of DPPH free radical scavenging efficiency of flavonoids from jujube is concentration dependent.

The crude enzyme was obtained from maize by precipitation with ammonium sulfate and sephadexG-100.Then SOD was purified by metal chelating chromatography(MCAC). The specific activity was 8591with a purification factor of 307. The purified enzyme was found to be homogeneous with a recovery rate of 29.4%. In order to enhance the stability of SOD, SOD was modified with PEG. It was shown in the result that the modification rate was 46% and the recovery of SOD was 81%.The stability of PEG-SOD against heat, pH and trypsin degradation were increased significantly. It can be conclude that using PEG to modify SOD of maize is feasible and PEG is a kind of good chemical modification reagent.

In this experiment the activities of α-Glucosidase inhibitor of tannins and saponins from Cornus officinalis wereevaluated by using α-glucosidase activity inhibitory kinetics assay. The results showed that there is good inhibition of saponins. Its IC50 and Ki are 0.482mg/ml and1.051mg/ml respectively. It has a higher thermal stability. However, the inhibition of tannins is non-competitive. Its IC50 and Ki are 0.220mg/ml and 0.148mg/ml respectively. It has no thermal stability .

Chitosan p-hydroxybenzote could inhibit the growth of all the bacteria and fungus tested. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of chitosan p-hydroxybenzoate for S.aureus and E.coli respectively are 0.01% and 0.025%. Chitosan p- hydroxybenzoate shows strong antimicrobial effect at a wide pH range (pH4～8). Because of the existence of free amino group on chitosan unit. The antimicrobial activity of the ester in acid solution is superior to that in basic solution. The ester shows good heat-stability. In food systems such as apple juice and meat extrude, chitosan p-hydroxybenzoate still behaves strong antimicro- biala ctivity.

The ultrasonic degradation of potato starch paste was undertaken in a reactor. The experimental results showed that the molecular weight and the intrinsic viscosity of potato starch paste decrease with ultrasonic irradiation time, and are approaching two limiting values respectively, below which no further degradation may take place. Ultrasonic degradation kinetics can be explained with the following equations: Mt=50.97×104+572.77×104e-0.216t orηt=0.81+6.556×e-0.229t. The scission of chains in potato starch paste is random in the initial stage, and then non-random.

The modern knead-salting technique of dry-cured ham was studied by orthogonal test, in test factors salt dosage, salting time and salting method. The results showed that the modern knead-salting technique effectively enhances the permeation rate of salt on surface layer and internal moisture transfer speed. Salted for 25 days, the NaCl content in biceps femoris muscles has achieved the traditional process level of 35 days salting, and the salt dosage has been reduced 30% in comparison to the traditional process with the uniformity improved 10%. NaCl content in biceps femoris muscles is significantly and positively correlated with salting time (p<0.01)and salt dosage (p<0.05). The optimizing orthogonal test results are: 6% salt dosage for 25 days and knead- salting 4 times.

Objective: To increase the species of functional polysaccharides and exploit the garlic (Allium sativum L.) resources. Methods: The garlic polysaccharide (GP) was obtained by water extraction, DEAE chromatography and so on. The GP’s purity was detected by the Sephadex G100. Sulfated garlic polysaccharide was gained by the method of sulfur trioxide pyridine complex. The degrees of sulfation (DS) was determined by barium sulfate turbidimetry. The mode of substitution was analyzed by IR and 13CNMR spectrum. Results: Pure garlic polysaccharide and its sulfated product were obtained. The sulfur content of sulfated garlic polysaccharide was 18.19% with its DS 2.19 IR and 13CNMR spectrum showed that the sulfate bound to the position of C-3 and C-5.

The preparation of crosslinked porous cornstarch was studied and water adsorption and oil adsorption were investigated. Some factors, such as reaction temperature, reaction time, enzyme addition, enzyme combination, buttom sub- stance concertration and reaction pH were studied as the main factors for water adsorption and oil adsorption capacity. The single element and orthogonal test showed the optimum enzyme reaction condition are as follows: reaction temperature 50℃, reaction time 24h, enzyme addition 2.3%, buttom substance concertration 18%, pH 5.0 and enzyme combination 1:8. Under these conditions, the capacity of water adsorption is 163.21%, and the capacity of oil adsorption is 134.20%.

Chitosan was prepared by alkali treatment. Its yield was 5.28%, degree of deacetylation 81.7%, intrinsic viscosity was 10.550 and molecular weight 54.42×104. Chitosan degradated by H2O2 oxidation time to form respectively different molecular weights 32.3×104, 6.7×104 and 0.496×104. Its antimicrobial activity for St.aureus, Bacillus pumilus strengthens with the increase of its MW(molecular weight) and concentration.

According to orthogonal design and test, the optimum process techniques on decolorization of Moringa oleifera oil were found as follows: the dosage of decolorizing agent is 9.5% and the decolorizing treatment is performed at the temperature of 85℃ for 40min. The experimental results confirmed that it is capable to achieve considerably fine decolorizing effect on Moringa oleifera oil at a high level of decolorizing ratio on optimum process techniques, which would satisfy the requirement of different applicationf ields.

The extrusion quality of flaxseed meal was studied with Brabender DSE-25 Twin-Screw Extruder. The results showed that physicochemical characteristics of flaxseed meal were changed during extrusion processing. Under the conditions of high temperature and high pressure and high shear force, proteins were denatured and total dietary fibers were broken down in part, while cyanogenic glucoside as one poisonous matter was removed. Meanwhile, the contents of amino acid and soluble dietary fiber were increased whereas fat and moisture were decreased. The starch was gelatinized and degraded, the texture became loose and homogenous. Meanwhile the water solubility increased and the water absorption level decreased.

The objective of the study was to optimize the fermented process for mung bean yoghourt. The results showed that Str.salivarius subsp.thermophilus and Lac.plantarum was appropriate in fermentation use. The optimal parameters of the fermented process were: the ratio of Str.salivarius subsp.thermophilus and Lac.plantarum 2:1, inoculation size dose 3% and fermentation time 5h at 41℃.

The specific density ,volatile acid and total acid change of Wuye, Shuidong and Fenghua Litchi during fermentation were studied in commercial process. The results of sensory evaluation and physical and chemical analysis showed that Wuye Litchi is the most suitable breed for brewing.

The technological conditions of alkali treatment and chemical modification for extraction of high active dietary fiber (DF) from Eucheuma striatam were studied in the paper by orthogonal design method. The results showed that yields of Eucheuma striatam DF is 49.0%. The contents on dry basis of DF, calcium, expansion capacity and water holding capacity are 85.3%, 1.21%, 29.5ml/g and 17.5g/g respectively for Eucheuma striatam DF extracted under the optimum conditions.

With alcohol extracting solution of Rhodiola sachalinensis powder processed by supercritical CO2 extraction, the purification process of salidroside was studied with resin. The optimal process conditions were: the kind of resin NKA-Ⅱ, the consumption of resin 5mg(salidroside)/g(dry resin), the strippant ratio of methylene dichloride to ethanol 7:3, the flow rate of strippant 2 times volume of column/h and the consumption of strippant 16ml/g(dry resin). The purity of salidroside can reach 40% by this purification process. The ratio of stripping is 98.02%.

Isoamyl acetate was synthetized from acetic acid and isoamyl alcohol with NaHSO4·H2O+AlCl3·6H2O as the catalyst. The effects of reaction conditions on the esterification rate were investigated. The optimum reaction conditions were obtained as follows: acetic acid to isoamyl alcohol molar ratio=1:1.2, NaHSO4·H2O+AlCl3·6H2O as the catalyst, n(AlCl3· 6H2O):n(NaHSO4·H2O)=1:1.5, w(catalyst)=2.0%, w(water carrying reagent toluene)=20%, reaction temperature 115±5℃, and reaction time 90min. Esterification rate is 98.4%. The experimental results showed that NaHSO4·H2O+AlCl3·6H2O is an excellent catalyst for the synthesis of isoamyl acetate, with higher yields and practical application value.

The octenyl succinic acid modified starch (OSA) was prepared from waxy maize starch with octenyl succinic anhydride, and then treated with alpha-amylase. This paper mainly discussed the reasons for the changes of the physico-chemical properties of the treated starch, and the effects on starch molecular after treatment. The paper also disscussed the application properties of OSA. The research work in this paper has important and instructive meaning to industrial application of OSA.

Extraction of Andrographis paniculata (Burm.f.) Nees (purity of andrographolide 30%) was investigated for the sorts of solvent, ratio of liquid to solid, extraction temperature, extraction hours and extraction times in technology. The results showed that the ethyl acetone is the optimal solvent with the technology parameters as: ratio of liquid to solid 6:1, extraction temperature50℃, extraction time 3 hours and extraction 3 times. The extract of Andrographis paniculata(Burm.f.) Nees with more than 45% purity of andrographolide and more than 85% extraction ratio can be achieved.

Two methods including supercritical fluid extraction (CO2-SFE) method and 60% alcohol heat extraction method were used to extract trace components. The contents of main component in the extract were determined by gas chromatography (GC). The results showed that: (1) Ethyl acetate can not be extracted by the two methods; (2)Four kinds of ester including ethyl lactate, ethyl caproate, ethyl butyrate and ethyl valproate can be extracted by CO2-SFE, but only two kinds of esters including ethyl lactate and ethyl valproate can be abstracted by 60% alcohol heat extraction, with the ethyl lactate content about 275. 92855mg/100g much higher than 11.89551mg/100g extracted by CO2-SFE. Based on the above results, it is suggested that the CO2- SFE method is better than heat extraction method.

The pectin was extracted from orange peel by a new two times extracting method. The optimum extracting conditions with acid hydrolysis extraction and super high speed water stirring extraction were compared with the usual one time extraction method by single factor and orthogonal test. At the same time, the isolation and purification methods for pectin were also researched.The results indicated that the extracting yield of pectin is obviously increased by the improved method in comparison with the old method, and the purification level is also increased by the new method.

The enzymatic esterification of soybean oil deodorizer distillate (SODD) with methanol catalyzed by lipase was studied. The single factor and orthogonal test were undertaken in order to get the optimal combination parameters. The results showed that the important factors affecting the esterification ratio are the esterification time and the lipase concentration, while esterification temperature and the molar ratio of substances have little effect. The optimum factor combinations are : the molar ratio of substances 1:1.5, lipase concentration 60plu/g, esterification temperature 60℃ and esterification time 8 hours. Under these conditions, the optimun esterification ratio is 94.78%.

Anti- angiotensin- I-converting enzyme (ACE) were screened for obtaining the lactic acid strains which could ferment milk produce fermented milk conducting for the anti-ACE activity. 3 strains have been isolated and purified from the mixed cheese samples. These strains could ferment milk to produce anti-ACE activity significantly, and is identified as Lactobacillus helveticus.

The 3-hemiglutarate-deoxynivalenol (3-HG-DON) was prepared by protection of the C7- and C15-hydroxyls with a cyclic boronate ester, esterified with glutarate at the C3-hydroxyl, and then the boronate ester removal as tested by TLC (thin layer chromatography) and UV spectrometer. ESI-MS. 3-HG-DON was activated by active ester method, and conjugated to ovalbumin (OVA) as DON detecting antigen (DON-HG-OVA). DON was activated by 1,1-Dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (CDI), and conjugated to modify bovine serum albumin (MBSA) as immunogen (DON-MBSA). The titer of anti-DON antibodies in one BLAB/c mice serum, immunized by DON-MBSA, is about 1:25600, in which antibodies binding to DON-HG-OVA can be inhibited by free DON.

The mullet defatted by lipase was studied in this paper. The conditions of the hydrolytic reactions were determined by the orthogonal test L9(33). According to the defatted ratio, the experimental results showed that the optimal conditions areenzyme concentration 40 U/ml, reaction time 40 min and the ratio between material fish and enzyme solution 1:5, the optimal temperature 32℃ and pH8.7, with the defatted ratio of the surimi of mullet as 75.6%, but that of fish fillet lower, only 55.4%.

Bioconversion of ferulic acid from residue of rice bran oil into vanillin with Aspergillus niger CGMCC0774 and Pycnoporus cinnabarinus CGMCC1115 was studied. The mutant strain, which resisted high substrate concentration and could not degrade the product was obtained by 60Co irradiation to produce 2.48g/L vanillic acid enriched broth. The vanillic acid enriched broth was converted into 1.07g/L vanillin by Pycnoporus cinnabarinus CGMCC1115 cells under the following conditions: glucose 5g/L and pH5.0. It showed that the combining bioconversion of Aspergillus niger CGMCC0774 and Pycnoporus cinnabarinus CGMCC1115 of ferulic acid to vanillin is feasible.

Using Diasporangium sp. as original strain, with low temperature 15℃ and 0.09 mg/ml aspirin as inhibitors, after UV radiation, some mutation strains were selected. Fermentation experiments assayed various strains in the biomass, arachidonicacid yield and fatty acids. The changes of fatty acids showed that the aspirin is the most effective inhibitor, and A1.13 strain is selected with its arachidonic acid yield enhanced 53.15%.

 Lactobacillus mucosae L-05, a new strain was isolated from pig intestine, belonging to G+ facultative anaerobes. The fermentation characteristics of Lactobacillus mucosae L-05 on whey were studied. The high conversion rate of whey to L-lactic acid occurred when the strain was cultured in the optimum conditions (pH6.0) whey 30 g/L, peptone 15 g/L, yeast extract 2 g/L, diammonium citrate 2 g/L, CH3COONa 2.5 g/L, K2HPO4 2 g/L, MgSO4·7H2O 1.16 g/L, MnSO4·4H2O 0.5 g/L under 37℃ and 150 r/min, with conversion rate 88.1%. The mathematical kinetic models describing the course of cell growth and L-lactic acid fermentation have been established.

52 fungi strains were isolated from different rhizospheric soil samples, among which a strain xj to inhibit the growth of Agrobacterium tumefaciens T-37 was identified as Aspergilluse niger after being screened by agar column method and selected by liquid fermentation. The fermentation conditions for the Aspergilluse niger xj strain were optimized as follows: 2 % fructose, 3% beef extract as liquid ferment medium, 10% volume of substrate, initial pH6.0, 25℃,and 140r/min, for 5 days, while the inhibiting zones diameter was up to 35.28±0.32mm.

In this experiment, effects of high pressure on Escherichia coli were studied and effects of bacteria concentration on lethal rate was highlighted by applying central composite design of response surface methodology.Based on the results,the model is established as y=81.26-8.3x1 + 29.3x2 + 5.5x3 + 7.7x4 + 11.2x1x2-1.4x1x3 + 3.4x1x4-5.4x2x3-4.8x2x4-1.4x3x4 + 0.5x12 -1.9x22 + 1.1x32-6.7x42. Analysis of variance showed that the model is feasible, so it could be used to analyse and predict the experiment. Bacteria concentration of sample is a significant factor in treatment and there is a significant interaction between bacteria concentration and pressure. Results showed that lethal rate decreases with bacteria concentration going up and increase with pressure going up. For example, to low bacteria concentration sample,low pressure could sterilize,while high bacteria concentration sample need high pressure to sterilize.Pressure,temperature and time are also significant factors for high pressure process.It is sugguested that proper parameters should be chosen according to bacteria concentrations in different samples so as to make high pressure sterilization more efficient and practical.

The protoplast fusion conditions between Ganoderma lucidum(GL) protoplast and Ganoderma applanatum(GA) protoplast were compared with chemical fusion and electrofusion. the optimum conditions of protoplast in chemical fusion are: 30% PEG (polyethylene glycol), 0.02mol/L CaCl2 and 30℃ for 30min, with the fusion rate 0.4% , whereas the optimum conditions of protoplast in electrofusion are: voltage 40V, frenquency 2MHz, direct pulse voltage 500V, vector 10kV/cm, pulse 25μs, with much higher fusion rate 40%.

Aim: To develop a convenient and reproducible molecular marker method to identify the hygienical food of Alisma orientali from its adulterants. Method: PCR products of ITS regions were sequenced and analysed with Clustal X, Mega3.0 and restriction pattern analysis was performed with DNAMAN 4.0. Result: According to the length of rDNA ITS regions, Sagittaria sagittifolia Linn and Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam were seperated first;further authentication of Alisma orientali from Alisma plantago-aquatica Linn, Alisma canaliculatum A.Braun et Bouche, Alisma nanum D.F.Cui and Colocasia esculenta (L.) Schott can be identifded sucessfully by PCR-RFLP (polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polyrnorphisrn). Conclusion: The length of rDNA ITS (intergenic spacer) regions cannot adequately distinguish hygienical food of Alisma orientali from its adulterants. PCR-RFLP is a simple and rapid method to authenticate the hygienical food of Alisma orientali from its adulterants.

The purpose of this study was to prepare inhibitory peptides of angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) from Silver carp Hypophthalmichthys molitrix with flavorzyme. The optimal hydrolysis parameters for flavorzyme were determined by orthogonal design, and then the hydrolysates were fractionated by Sephadex G-15. The results showed that the optimal hydrolysis conditions that could produce the hydrolysates with the highest inhibitory activity (I) on ACE for flavorzyme are temperature 50℃, pH8.0, fish/water ratio 1:6, enzyme dosage 5000U/g pro, and time duration 12h, with the degree of hydrolysis (DH) as 34.40%, the rate of nitrogen recovery as 92.01%, and the inhibitory activity (I) as 66.52%. In vitro experiments results showed that the peptides with high or low molecular weights have low capability to inhibit ACE activity, and only the short chainpeptides with a certain molecular weights range show high activity. The fraction 3 has the maximal inhibitory activity of 63.04%.

Grifola frondosa is one mushroom species, preciously edible and medicinal. The research on Grifola frondosa focuses on its solid culture and polysaccharides isolation, and also on the submerged fermentation technology with little natural conditions effects. Since the successful production of Grifola frondosa in a large scale has not been reported yet. The submerged fermentation properties of Grifola frondosa Sd as applied broadly in solid culture were studied with the 8L fermentor while the fermentation processes were dynamically regulated by feed-up method based on the practice of fermentation production. In general, it can be determined that lag phase of fermentation be existed in the first 40h, log phase between 94h and 104h, stationary phase between 104h and 200h, and decline phase after 200h from the changing tendencies of pH value, and DO(dissolved oxygen), and availability of glucase and mycelia mass. The results can have great effect in directing the production of Grifola frondosa Sd by the method of submerged fermentation, and in researching the physiological, biochemical and genetical properties of Grifola frondosa.

The production of soy peptides by soy meal microorganism fermentation was studied with 30L fermentor. The degree of hydrolysis (DH) increased as the fermentation time prolonged and reached more than 30% at the later stage of fermentation. The content of peptides in fermented liquid first increased and then decreased, so as to indicate that the soy protein was hydrolyzed into peptide and then into free amino acid during fermentation. Enzyme analysis showed that Bacillus subtilis SHZ3 can secrete both protease and carboxypeptidase, which can hydrolyze soy protein and cut down hydrophobic amino acids from the terminus of peptide respectively, resulting in the production of non-bitterness peptides. Results of gel exclusion chromatogra- phy showed that the peptides in fermented liquid of 24h can mainly be consisted of short chain peptides with 300～1000Da. This distribution size is similar to protein enzymatic hydrolysate of certain bioactivities.

Genomic DNA was isolated once from tea plant by chloroform and isoamyl alcohol. The results showed that the values of OD260/OD280 for DNA samples obtained by this method are between 1.70 and 1.85 respectively with the molecular weight of DNA higher than 23kb. The DNAs have been completely digested by EcoR I. Amplified figures in the PCR, and AFLP fingerprinting figures are all obtained.

An endophytic bacterium strain EJH-7 with glutamate decarboxylase activity, transforming 241.224μmol L- glutamate to GABA in 24h by 1g cell (DW), was isolated and screened from the stem of Lonicera japonica Thunb. Through the morphologic, physiological and biochemical characteritics and the 16S rDNA sequence analysis, EJH-7 has been identified as Bacillus megaterium. Also, the phylogenesis was analyzed through the phylogenetic tree base on the 16S rDNA sequences, indicating that strain EJH-7 belonged to Bacteria, Firmicutes, Bacillales, Bacillaceae, Bacullus. The properties of the biotrans- formation (converting L-glutamate to GABA) of Bacillus megaterium EJH-7 were also examined. As a result, the optimum temperature and pH value for biotransformation are 30℃ and 5.5 respectively. The biotransformation activities are inhibited by ..Tween 20 and Tween 80, and hardly affected by Triton 100. The biotransformation activities of Bacillus megaterium EJH-7 are significantly increased by 2.5mmol/L of Ca2+, Cu2+ and Co2+, and raised by 20.36%, 46.61% and 6.77% respectivelyin different degree by K+, Fe2+, Zn2+, Mg2+ and Mn2+.

Transglutaminase (TGase, EC 2.3.2.13) was one of the thiol enzymes that can catalyze protein reticulation, but its enzyme activity was unstable in normal temperature. Thermal stability tests were tested from 40℃ to 60℃, and the results showed that the remained enzyme activity of TGase were increased in protection of glucose, sucrose and trehalose, and the trehalose was highest in all the tests. The samples were studied by TG (therm-gravimtry) and DSC (differential scanning calorimetry) analysis whereas, the results showed that the increas of △Tm and △H of TGase in trehalose were 29℃ and 26.4J/g, respectively. The rate of loss weight of TGase in trehalose reduced 2.8%. However, these thermodynamics parameters (△Tm, △H and loss weight) did not show the same trend as in trehalose when sucrose and glucose were added.

The effects of culture time, initial pH, ethanol concentration and secondary supplementing sugar on the biomass and the polysaccharides production of Cordyceps sinensis were studied. The results showed:the optimum culture time 6d, initial pH 5.5, ethanol thickness 1.0% and secondary supplementing sugar Glu+Man+Gal(3:4:2)1.2g/100ml. The maximal output of polysaccharides and the mycelium weight reached 5949.6mg/L and 17.35g/L respectively. The optimum functions obtained whencordycepic beverage was added with Lycium barbarum and Codonopsis pilosula (2:1) 15g/100ml. The best beverage formula is fermentative fluid:water=70:30, sucrose 7%, citric acid 0.1% and stability 0.15%.

This paper mainly studied the characteritics of TG-K and TG-N apparently. The crude enzyme activity of TG-K and TG-N were 11.32U/ml and 9.41U/ml respectively. The results showed that the more separated and purification steps, the less of enzyme activity and protein contents, but the loweling level of TG-N was less than TG-K. The molecular weight of TG- K is 41.5 kDa and while that of TG-N 39.6kDa by SDS-PAGE. The different ionics have different effects on cross-linking casein of TG-K or TG-N. It has proved that TG-K is better to cross-linked casein observing the ultra structure of yoghourt by EM.

From the kinetics point of view, the mechanism of solubilization of rice dreg protein concentrates (RDPC) was discussed and would include: enzyme interacted with RDPC suspensions partly by rapid adsorption into RDPC particles, increasing solubilization of insoluble proteins, and partly due to protein fragments proteolysis cleaved by the adsorbed enzyme already dissolved in the liquor. The product inhibited the enzyme activity. Experiment of addition of substrate in a batch reaction showed fresh substrate can increased the extent of solubilization and better utilization of the enzyme. It also suggested that the immobilized-enzyme recycle system can decrease the product inhibition of enzyme activity. The initial reaction velocity equation is established as follows: V0=k2X1mK1[E]0[S]0/1+K1[E]0+K1[S]0X1m=0.8859×[E]0[S]0V0/1+6.3027[E]0+0.03590[S]0 Gel filtration of hydrolysate showed that the hydrolysis of insoluble fraction of Pr is possibly fit for“ Zipper Reaction” model.

The experiment took respectively the three different methods namely: conventional heating, chemical reagent combined with conventional heating and microwave heating to treat oil cooked chilli so as to compare the effects of these methods. With the different methods of treatment, the chang regulations, heating time and stored time, in PV and in CFU counts were obtained. At the same time, some antioxidative effects were found on the peroxide value changes of colza oil cooked chili, bell pepper or peach stones can be used as natural antioxidants.

Dimethachlon is a kind of small molecular hapten that has immunoreactivity instead of immunogenicity. In order to establish an immunoassay method for dimethachlon, N-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)-2-hydroxysuccinimide was synthesized by chloralide of malic acid and 3,5-dichloroaniline, and then reacted with succinic anhydride to obtain the hapten N-(3,5- dichlorophenyl) succinimide-2-hemisuccinate. The structure of the product was identified by IR, 1HMR and LC-MS, which provided the foundation for future research of dimethachlon immunoassay.

The determination of thallium in vegetables by differential pulse anodic stripping voltammetry with 0.025mol/L NaAc-0.025HAc buffer solution with EDTA was studied. The contents of thallium in the range of 5.0×10-4～1.0×10-1mg/L has a good linear relationship and the detection limit is 1.0×10-4mg/L. Using the method to determine some vegetables, the results showed that the thallium contents of vegetables in thallium pollution soil is apparently higher than that in blane soil.

A rapid testing method of organophosphorus pesticide residues in vegetables and fruits was studied in this paper. Using acetylcholinesterase biosensor technology, taking apples and cucumbers as examples, the organophosphorus pesticide residues were determined with standard addition method. The results showed that the rate of recovery is 96.45%～100.12%, and the relative standard deviation is 2.76%～3.09%. Detection limit of malation and methylparathion are 4.80×10-11, 2.93 ×10-10 mol/L respectively.

To establish a rapid assay for detection of aflatoxin B1, gold immunochromatography assay(GICA)was studied. Colloidal gold marked coupled with monoclonal antibody against aflatoxin B1 was jet sprayed onto the glass fiber. Aflatoxin B1- BSA and anti-donkey anti-mouse immunoglobulins were jet-positioned onto a nitrocellulose membrane. Sample pad, gold jed pad, nitrocellulose membrane and absorbent paper were assembled and cut into detecting card, respectively. The results showed that the sentitive standard of rapid assay for aflatoxin B1 visual detection limit is 5 ng/ml and detection time within 10 min. Repeatability of strip is 100%. The assay gives no false positive and false negative results. So it is very simple and convenient to rapidly detect aflatoxin B1 on the spot.

The contents of trace elements Zn, Mg, Mn, Sr, Fe, Pb, Cu and Se in the corn collected from 10 provinces were studied by ICP-AES with high pressure nitrifying pot. This method is easy operational, rapid, highly sensitive, and accurate, and can determind many elements simultaneously. Its relative standard deviation is below 5%.

The assay conditions and procedure were studied in this paper. Firstly, Escherichia coli was pre-incubated in TB for 12 hours. Then 0.1ml aliquots were taken to be combined with 0.05ml polymyxin B(100μg/ml) and 0.1ml MUG(4-methylum belli feryl-β-D-glucuro nide)(0.2mg/ml) and incubated at 37℃ for 45min. Finaly 1.75ml Gly-NaOH buffer(0.2mol/L, pH10.4) were added to end the reaction. The the two-step fluorescent method is better than that of MPN(most probable number), which is widely used for the detection of Escherichia coli,and was quantitatively close to the traditional MPN method.

A method for the determination of the crude ammonia in meat was presented in this paper. The method based on the color reaction of ammonia-Nessler’s Reagent in room temperature. The results showed that the apparent molar absorptivity is 1.404 ×104 L/mol·cm at the wavelength of 400nm. Beer’s law is obeyed for the ammonia in the range of 0～1.0 μg/ml. The correlation coefficient is 0.9995. The recovery rate is 97.8%～104.8%. The method has been applied satisfactorily to crude ammonia in meat.

A new method to detect Sudan I～IV in hot chilli products was studied in this paper. SudanⅠ could be extracted by ether from chilli powder, and detected by TLC to be spreaded on the solvent of ether/acetic ether/formic acid=80/20/1(V/V/ V) for qualitative assay. Sudan I～IV could be effectively adsorbed by activated clay from tabasco, then desorbed by ethyl alcohol, and finally detected by TLC with the silica gel plate.

The method of determination of selenium in the garlic was studied. The calibration curve is unear for concentriation range of 0～60ng/ml(r=0.9997). The detection limit is 0.15 ng/ml. The proposed method was applied to determine the selenium content planted in different soils spreaded with different concentrations of selenium. The results showed that the garlic can accumulate selenium from soil, and the selenium content of the garlic is correlated with selenium content in soil.

The method for acrylamide determination in food was established. This method basing on high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) is simple, rapid, accurate and reliable. The acrylamide was extracted with water as solution and purified with solid phase extraction from food, and separated on a C18 column with 5% methanol water solution as the mobile phase, and detected at 197nm. The calibration curve showed good linearity in the range of 0.05～10ng (R2=1) .The detection limit of acrylamide is 2.5ng/g. The standard recovery rate is 99.84%±1.55% and the coefficient of variation is 1.55%.The sausage application sample recovery rate is 92.34%±0.51%, and the coefficient of variation is 0.55%.

This study was carried about the veterinary drug residue quantitation and fast detection in foodstuff by protein microarray. The Chloramphenicol(CAP) and Sulfamethazine(SM2) synthetic-antigen coupled with the carrier protein BSA(bovine serum albumin) were spotted on the microarray. After immobilization, the antibody for these two residues and the standard orsample mixture were added.Then the Cy5 labeled secondary antibody was added after antigen-antibody reaction. The calibration curve of these two residues was established to indicate the lowest detection limit and the area the linearity range.With the calibration curve,we can calculate the concentration of the unknown sample.

There are rich polyphenolic compounds in bee-pollen, which have multi-functions, such as anti-arteriosclerosis, cholesterol lowering function, anti-oxidation and anti-radiation. Therefore, polyphenolic compounds could be evaluated as the activities of bee-pollen. Total polyphenolic compounds in bee-pollen were determined by Folin-Ciocaileu method. The standard sample is protocatechuic acid, and regressive equation of standard curve is C=7.9234A-0.0157 (R2=0.9999). Furthermore, stability, precision, repetition and recovery rate were assayed with RSD(relative standard deviation) as 0.05%～1.43%. The method is convenient, fast, and exact, it is reliable to determine the total polyphenolic in bee-pollen.

In order to explore the natural resources of marine algae, the characteristics and structures of the glycocalyx of sulfated polysaccharide from Laminaria japonica(GPL) were studied. GPL was prepared in our laboratory. Detected with colorimetric method, in GPL the sulfate content is 29.12%, polysaccharide 27.8% and protein 12.69% respectively. At the same time its monosaccharide ingredient was studied after acetylation with GC technique. It was found that GPL is mainly composed of fucose, xylose, mannose, galactose, glucose and so on.

In this paper, the method of determining alcohol in the liquid milk product by headspace gas chromatography was carried out. Through the optiminzed conditions the results of determination are: recovery range 88.5%～108.8%, precision 6.1%, and the linearity range 0～1.0mg/ml. The results showed that the advantage of this method is simple, fast and accurate.

Objective:The solid-phase extraction and capillary gas chromatography were introduced for determining 23 organochlorine and pyrethroid pesticide residues in cucumber. Method:The organochlorine and pyrethroid pesticides were extracted from cucumber samples with n-hexane by ultrasonic method and cleaned up by Florisil solid-phase extraction column. Then,the extract was separated by capillary column(30 m ×0.25 mm i.d. ×0.25μ m)and detected by ECD(electron capture detector). Results:The average recoveries for spiked standards are 76.0%～110.1%. The relative standard deviations are 0. 81%～3.28%. The range of limit of detection(LOD) is 0.03～2.06 μg/kg. Conclusion:The method is effective,fast and accurate.

According to international standards, the determination measure of the food sulfite by means of the Sodium tetrachloromercurate-Pararosaniline(ST-PRA)method. But the ST solution is an extremely toxic drug, a pollutant hardly possible to be removed. Besides, the SO2 standard solution compounded ST solution can not be used until over night, yet the concentration of SO2 standard solution is changeable, so that the calibration should be repeated in every test, or a waste of time. In this article, the formaldehyde absorption- Pararosaniline (FA-PRA), instead of ST-PRA was introduced. Because the formaldehude at 0.02% low concentration, only a weak toxin could be formed with much less damage to human and environment. The calibration curve quality is up to 0.9999 and the recoveries of white sugar reach 94%. The determination of the sulfite by FA- PRA method not only reduces pollution but also improves work efficiency and accuracy.

Objecive:A sensitive and rapid high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detector method was developed for the determination of the (E)-and (Z)-diastereomers of resveratrol and resveratrol glucoside in vegetables. Methods: Chromatographic separation was achieved with a NUCLEODUR 100-5 C18 column(250mm×4.6mm, 5μm) while a mobile phase program of gradient elution with is-propyl alcohol and water at a flow rate of 0.6ml/min was employed with fluorescence detector: ex: 260nm and em: 472nm. Results: Under the optimum conditions for every component, the limit of detection of the (Z)-and (E)-diastereomers of resveratrol glucoside and resveratrol was 0.102, 0.117, 0.083 and 0.084 ng respectively at a signal-to-noise 3:1. The linear range was 0.004～1.0mg/L.The average recoveries of the standards added were 94.7% and 101.1%, for the (E)- diastereomers of resveratrol and resveratrol glucoside respectively, and 90.7%, 92.4% for the (Z)-diastereomers of resveratrol and resveratrol glucoside respectively, whereas relative standard deviations were within the range of 0.92%～1.32%, 1.25%～ 1.94% respectivtly. Conclusion: This method is accurate and reliable for the quantitive analysis of the (E)-and (Z)-diastereomers of resveratrol and resveratrol glucoside in vegetables.

This paper establishes mathematical model of uncertainty evaluation for determining the concentration of benzioc acid in tea drink by high performance liquid chromatography, adopting the method of layer modeling evaluation. The sources of uncertainty are analyzed to compose steps for whole determination procedure. The uncertainty of external calibration curve fitting is evaluated with the least square method. Uncertainty resulted from the less measurement times is evaluated by using the extreme deviation method. The evaluating method of uncertainty could be used as references for evaluating the uncertainty of determined results in high performance liquid chromatography and gas chromatography with external calibration curve.

I- was obtained from the kelp by alkali fusiou and then oxidized by NaNO2 in acidic solution. I2 could be extracted by polyethylene glycol -4000 in inorganic salts water solution. Iodine was coupled with malachite green and produced a blue complex. The Iodine was determined by spectrophotometry. The linear range for determination of Iodine is 8.0～65μg/ml. The recovery was 87% ～112%.

Objective: To study the antioxidant activities of acid proteoglycan from Folium mori (APFM). Methods: In chemical mimicking experiments, the scavenging of hydroxyl free radical (·OH) and superoxide anion free radical (O2·) by APFM was determined. The effects of APFM on the production and accumulation of malondialdehyde (MDA) in mice organs induced by ·OH was examined, while also, the inhibition of APFM on the swelling of mice liver mitochondria induced by· HO was assayed. Through establishing mice model experiments, the effects of APFM on MDA content and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in the organs of diabetic mice induced by alloxan were observed and analyzed. Results: APFM can efficiently scavenge ·OH and O2· produced in chemical mimicking system, inhibit the production and accumulation of MDA both in mice organs induced by ·HO and in the organs of diabetic mice induced by alloxan, prominently lower the swelling of mice liver mitochondria induced by ·OH and increase the SOD activity in dose-dependent manner. Conclusion: APFM has strong antioxidant activity in vitro and in vivo, so it is an efficient free radical scavenger.

Objective :To isolate the Rapeseed Albumin hydrolysate and study the effects on the activity of angiotension Ⅰ- converting enzyme(ACE) of the rapeseed peptides on rats and the grades. Methods: ①Using Sephadex G-25 column with water as eluant; ②Spontaneously hypertensive rats(SHR) were used as animal model, the changes of ACE activity were investigated in vitro. Results :Three purified grades were isolated(RSP-Ⅰ,Ⅱ, and Ⅲ) by Sephadex G-25 column. RSP-R and three fractions exert remarkable inhibition on ACE activity, among which RSP-3 showed the highest inhibition. Conclusion: Proteolysis of rapeseed albumin can result ACE inhibitory activity in peptides. The high quality of RSP can be used directly in the supplementation of foods and can also widen the field of application of rapeseed albumin.

Objective: To investigate the activation effects of sepia product on hematopoietic function in 60Coγirradiated mice. Methods: Model mice of hematopoietic system impairment were induced by whole body 60Coγirradiaion with the lethal dose of 8.0 Gy and then given different dosage of sepia products respectively. Spleen and thymus indexes, numbers of bone marrow nucleated cells (BMNC), colony-forming units in spleen (CFU-S), colony-forming units of granulocyte and monocyte(CFU- GM), peripheral blood pictures and serum SOD activity in model mice were assayed respectively. Results: Sepia products could resist the decrease of BMNC(p<0.05, p<0.01), CFU-S(p<0.05, p<0.01), CFU-GM(p<0.01), and peripheral WBC (p <0.01) and promote the restoration of those indices mentioned above in model mice significantly (p<0.05, p<0.01), but have no significant effects on peripheral RBC, PLT and Hb respectively. Conclusion: Sepia production has significant promoting effects on hemapoiecsis.

Objective: To investigate the effects of the complexes of SIBC (soy isoflavones and bovine colostrum) on BMD(bone mineral density), and SOD(superoxide disnmtase), MDA(malonaldehyde) and GSH(glutathione) concentration of uterus in ovariectomized rats. Methods: The osteoporosis model was induced by extirpating uterus of rats and the rats were given SIBC for 3 months. The tibias bone density and contents of calcium, phosphorus and zinc and MDA and GSH concentrations of uterus were all assayed by spectrophotometry. SOD activity was assayed after the extract of uterus brought to 25% saturation with (NH4)2SO4. The isozyme of uterus SOD activity was analyzed by 8%～37% concentration gel gradient electrophoresis. Results: Compared with model group, SIBC groups significantly increase BMD and concentrations of calcium, phosphorus, zinc; decrease the concentration of MDA and increase the concentration of GSH in uterus. The SOD activity in the model group is lower than the control group. The specific activity of SOD both in the middle dose group and high dose group and activity of Mn-SOD in the middle dose group also increase after given SIBC. The activity of the isozyme markedly decreases in the model group, but after given SIBC, the activity of isozyme of middle dose group and low dose group markedly increase. The SOD-like activity of SIBC is 3492U/g. Conclusions: SIBC could increase BMD and prevent bone loss and could increase the anti-oxidation of uterus in OVX(ovariectomy) rats. It showed that SIBC has improvement on osteoporosis disease.

Corn germ protein was hydrolyzed by trypsin and the effects of hydrolysates on mouse immunity were investigated. The results of the experiments showed that hydrolysates can remarkably enhance the thymus and spleen index, the phagocytsis index and phagocytsis percent of macrophage, and the lymphocyte transformation for normal mouse while also promote the form of hemolysin in mouse body. The results demonstrated that they can increase the organic immune function and are good nonspecific immunity activators.

Objective: To investigate the radioprotective effect of Angelica sinensis polysaccharide ASP3 on sub-acute radiation- injured mice. Methods: Polysaccharide ASP3, prepared from Angelica sinensis, was orally administered to groups of mice. After being exposed wholely to 60Coγ-rays once, peripheral leucocyte and lymphocyte counts, micronuclei frequency of PCE in bone marrow, transformation rates of peripheral lymphocyte, SOD and MDA of liver cells were examined. Results: ASP3 could protect leucocytes and lymphocytes, prohibit formation of micronucleus of polychromatic erythrocytes in bone-marrow, speed trans- formation rate of peripheral lymphocytes, content of SOD of liver cells and enhance the radiation endurance of the body. Conclusion: ASP3 has radioprotective effects on sub-acute radiation-injured mice.

Objective: To study the adjustment effects of seed oil of Punica gramatum L. on blood-lipid and lipid-hyperoxidation in hyperlipidemia rats. Method: 50 female Wistar rats were divided randomly into 5 groups by body weight: control group, hyperlipidemia model group, seed oil of Punica gramatum L. high and low dose group and simvastatin group. The rats were fed with high-lipid foodstuff except control group, so the intervention tests were carried out. Results: After twelve weeks, the contents of serum and hepar total cholesterol(TC), triglyceride(TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C), arteriosclerosis index (AI) and malondialdehyde(MDA) of hyperlipidemia model group were all higher than the control group (p<0.05 or p<0.01), but high density lipoprotein ratio to total cholesterol (HDL-C/TC) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities were lower than the control group(p<0.05 or p<0.01). The contents of serum and hepar total cholesterol(TC), triglyceride(TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C), arteriosclerosis index(AI), malondialdehyde(MDA) in Punica gramatum L. low dose seed oil group were all lower than the hyperlipidemia model group (p<0.05 or p<0.01), but the high density lipoprotein ratio total cholesterol (HDL-C/TC) and superoxide dismutase(SOD) activities were higher than the control hyperlipidemia model group (p<0.05 or p<0.01). Conclusion: Seed oil of Punica gramatum L. has significant effects on controlling hyperlipidemia and atherosclerosisi n rats.

It is found that type 2 diabetes millitus is closely related to PPAR which is now employed as main target anti-diabetes to treatment of type 2 diabetes millitus. Momordica charantia L. is a traditional Chinese medical herb. Recent research showed that there were some hypoglycemic active components in Momordica charantin L. Screening PPARα,β/δ,γ antagonits from Momordica Charantia extracts by HTS was studied in this paper. Results showed that MCP(Momordica charantia polysaccharides) was an antagonist of PPARγand PPARβ/δand the activiation times are 1.689 and 1.995, respectively. MCP can be a potential anti-diabetica gent.

Objective: Study on several kinds of regulative alcohol metabolits in comparing the different effects of antialcoholism. Methods: Takes NIH mouse certain, according to assembles oneself the product stochastic grouping, through the experiment of antialcoholism, the experiment of avoid be drunk and the experiment of climb the net observes each regulative alcohol metabolite archery target to the different effects of antialcoholism. Results: The effects of antialcoholism and avoid be drunk from high to low in turn is the product V > the product VI > the product II > the product III > the product VII > the product VIII > the product IV > the product I, the anti-climbing the net function barrier ability from high to low in turn is the product II > the product III > the product V > the product VI > the product VII > the product VIII > the product I > the product IV. Conclusion: Join the acids matter, the brix to acid ratio high and joins the puerarin or the tea polyphenol, the effect of antialcoholism, avoid be drunk and corrects the ataxia function more obvious. Tea polyphenol’s effect of antialcoholism and avoid be drunk better than puerarin, but puerarin the effect of corrects the ataxia function is more obvious than tea polyphenol.

Changes of mini-cucumber mechanical properties during storage were studied at different temperatures. Main factors changes of mini-cucumber and correlationship were studied by compression-puncture test with Texture Analyser during storage. By sensory evaluation, the changing parameter curves can show the best storage time, and provide data bases for its quanlity changes.

Effects of exogenous sodium nitroprusside (SNP), a nitric oxide (NO) donor, on browning and decay of postharvest longan (Dimocarpus longan Lour. cv. Shixia) were investigated. Application of 0.5mmol/L and 1mmol/L SNP could significantly delay the skin browning during storage. NO inhibited POD activity may account for browning inhibition. NO also markedly reduces decay development and pulp breakdown. Futhermore, SNP treatment can result in higher level of total soluble solids and ascorbic acid than control fruits, but can not affect total soluble solids

The preservation effects of highly purified panol and SPS on cherry tomatoes and their mechanism were investigated in this paper. Results showed that: during the storage period, both panol and SPS could effectively reduce weight-loss and mildewing rate, delay increase of the membrane permeability of fruits, inhibit decease of contents of the vitamin C and soluble protein, and maintain the SOD activities and effectively restrain the growth of the fruit exterior microbes. Results also showed that a close positive correlationship exists between the preservation effects of panol and SPS and their concentrations in the treatment. Preservation effects of SPS are better than those of panol on weight-loss and mildewing rate, membrane permeability, microbial growth inhibition and other targets of the storage fruits. The preservation of the polyphenols of tea in electropositive contrast is of little difference from that of panol in corresponding concentration. The reason may be that: after the addition of the sulfonate at the 5C of panol, both the stability to O2 and light and the permeability to storage fruits increase highly.

In this paper, five different low pressures, 86.1, 70.9, 55.7, 40.5 and 25.3kPa, were used to determine the best condition for the hypobaric storage of‘ Dongzao’ jujube fruits. The results were as follows: comparison with CK, hypobaric storage could hold the fruit firmness of‘ Dongzao’ jujube, inhibit the development of surface red-changing, decrease the weight loss, maintain the organic acid contents and vitamin C contents, hold the better appearance and retard its senescence. The low pressure 55.7kPa is best in this experiment.

Study on improving the efficacy of coating for pathogens inhibition with Konjac glucomannan hydrosol by adding various additives of different kinds and in different thickness for Longan storeage in normal temperature. This paper offered apractical and theoretical referrence to the commercial application of the biological and degradable film for Longan storage in normal temperature.

0, 50, 100 and 150μl/L four concentration ozones used to treat Cucumis melo L.cv Hetao at 10℃, with soluble sugar, titrtable acid, vitamin C, fruit firmness, weightlessness rate and rot index were assayed. Results showed that proper concentra- tion ozone can effectively maintain storage quality of Cucumis melo L.cv Hetao and prolong the storage time. In different concentration ozones test, 50μl/L was best to maintain quality. The test also found that low concentration ozone is better than high concentration according to quality assesment.

Referring to the reports on milk allergens, the structural characteristics, allergenicity , epitopes and cross-reactivity of the major milk allergens were reviewed in detail in this paper.

The definition and analytical methods of dietary fiber(DF) have been developed significantly with the increasing intensive research in physiology and analytical methodology. In order to clarify the application of these various methods in routine analysis, this article reviewed the development of DF definition, the methods for routine analysis, and the DF contents comparison obtained by different quantion methods. Meanwhile, it also illustrated whether the methods for non-digestible carbohydrates (such as resistant starch, fructans, and polydextrose) could be used as supplements to the AOAC enzymatic-gravimetric methods.

Food contaminated with bacterial pathogens are major cause of food-borne disease. Rapid detection of food-borne bacteria is essential to efficiently prevent pathogens prevalence and food poisoning. Multiplex PCR which can simultaneously detect more than one bacteria has been applied increasingly and widely. This paper has introduced the application of multiplex PCR for detection of food-borne bacterial pathogens and the optimization of multiplex PCR reaction conditions. Moreover some problems and perspectives have been brought up.

This paper reviewed the progress of researches on nutritional components,pharmacological functions and application prospect of almond.

Pesticide residues acute dietary risk assessment has attracted Chinese attention only recently. So far, JMPR (Joint FAO/WHO Meeting on Pesticide Residues) is working on international acute dietary risk assessment while USA, UK, Netherlands, Australia and New Zealand are likewisely working on their own national acute dietary risk assessments. Acute dietary risk is a function of acute or short-term toxicity and acute dietary intake. Pesticide acute dietary risk assessment is comprised of (1) acute reference dose (aRfD) setting; (2) acute dietary exposure assessment; and (3) acute risk characterization. aRfD is an estimate of the amount of a substance in food or drinking water, expressed on a milligram per kilogram body weight basis, which can be ingested in a period of 24 hours or less, without appreciable health risk to the consumer on the basis of all the known facts at the time of the evaluation. Acute dietary exposure can be calculated by a point or deterministic method as well as by a probabilistic modeling method. In the deterministic method the intake is estimated with the assumption of large portion consumption of a ‘high residue’ food. In addition, the method also includes a variability factor to allow for the elevated residue in some single unit which may not be seen in composite samples. In the probabilistic method the distribution of dietary consumption and the distribution of possible residues are combined in repeated probabilistic calculations to yield a distribution of possible residue intakes. A common approach to do probabilistic modeling is the Monte Carlo analysis. This requires (1) comprehensive food consumption data by individuals, by time of day, and by eating occasion; and (2) comprehensive residue data such as the supervised trials median residues (STMR), anticipated residues, food residue monitoring data such as market basket study, and food processing data, such as peeling, washing, cooking, and food processing. China should conduct acute dietary risk assessment, before the high or moderately toxic pesticides are to be registered for use. This would involve the establishment of comprehensivefood consumption database, food commodity properties database, and market residue monitoring database. At first, China should adopt the JMPR deterministic method of acute dietary risk assessment. Then China can move forward to develop the probabilistic modeling method of acute dietary risk assessment for future use.

Nisin is a bacteriocin produced by Lactococcus. It is widely used as a safe and natural food preservative in food industry. At present, there are a lot of purification and separation methods about nisin in the literature, but whether they are suitable for industrialization needs to be further studied. On the basis of reviewing the present technology for extraction and purification of nisin after fermentation, this paper analysed the difficulties for industrialization of these methods, and envisaged the future development.

High-speed counter-current chromatography (HSCCC) is a kind of liquid–liquid partition chromatography, which has the unique features of high speed, high efficiency and continuous processing capability. It has been widely used in the separation and purification of Chinese herbal medicines, natural products and healthy foods, as in biochemistry, in environmental chemistry analysis as well. In this paper, the application of high-speed counter-current chromatography for purification of functional ingredients from healthy foodstuffs has been reviewed. Some suggestions to the further use of HSCCC in the future have alsobeen put forward.

A conclusion should be educed that food safety should be defined as the fact that, food should not contain any poison, or injurant or harmful ingredients, but should meet human body needs of alimentation, and possess corresponding sensory properties such as food color, smell, taste, and form. There is still a grim situation of food safety in our country. Food safety, is also controlled by ethics in most occasions, whereas laws can be effectively executed only when promoted as the self- conscious faith and behavior standards of people. It is necessary for mutual aid according to ethics and laws. The methods for constructing both ethics and morality systems in food industry were put forward, including establishing food ethic criterion, enhancing ethic education, setting up models, strengthening publicity, establishing industrial ego inspect mechanism, adjusting benefits mechanism, and establishing industrial credit systems.

Application of pervaporation technologies in low-alcohol wine production were studied. The results showed that average permeating vector of experimented membrane during 10h was 16.08g/m·2h, average separating ratio near to 10. Under 34℃, membrane of 0.024 square meter area can reduced 11.5% to 4.46% for wine alcohol content during 19h. After dealcoholizing treatment, total acid, organic acid, volatile acid, color density, total phenol, potassium, calcium, iron and copper in wine decreased to some extent, aroma of de-alcohoized wine became weaker and flavour thinner. So they should be blended with other wine and made flavour modifications.