The sequence encoding of the mature protein of STX1 A of E.coli O157 strain 94H, isolated from some patient in China, was amplified by PCR. The primers were designed from STX1 toxin gene sequence of E. coli strain 933W. The amplified gene was cloned into prokaryotic expression vector pET-28a. Then the recombinant pET28a-stx1A was transformed into host strain E. coli BL21 (DE3). Expressed recombinant STX1 A was used to immunize rabbits to prepare anti-serum. The IgG fraction of the antiserum was cross-linked with the latex particle suspension to yield a final immunoglobulin. The described methods enabled a sensitive and simple assay of STX1 A production.

 The applicability of apparent viscosity in the investigation of synergistic interaction between two different polymerswas studied. Simple concentration additivity and viscosity additivity are the two commonly used criteria for judging the synergistic effect in binary biopolymer systems. When the viscosity indexes of both polymers are greater than one, the viscosity of mixture calculated from viscosity additivity is lesser than that calculated from concentration additivity. When the viscosity indexes of both components are less than one, the viscosity of mixture calculated from viscosity additivity is greater than that calculated from concentration additivity. The relationship between two methods is quite complex when the viscosity index of one component is greater than one and the other one is less than one. When the viscosity indexes of two components are both equal to one, the two methods are identical.

The in vitro digestibility of soy protein isolates (SPI) and the effects of thermal treatments were investigated. SDS- PAGE analysis showed that, glycinin of SPI was the most easily digested by pepsin, andβ-conglycinin was the most difficult. In all the subunits of β-conglycinin, theα-subunits were the most susceptive subunits. TCA-NSI analysis indicated that, at a certain protein concentration, the nitrogen release of SPI by pepsin during the enzyme incubation was dependent upon the enzyme concentration applied. In addition, the in vitro digestibility of SPI was affected by different thermal treatments. The dry heat-treatment (i.e., at 80℃ for 30～60min) nearly did not affect the in vitro digestibility by pepsin, while under the same conditions, the wet heat-treatments could remarkably improve the digestive extent of pepsin and trypsin upon SPI. This result suggested that the in vitro digestibility of SPI depended on its extent of denaturation.

Some food’s spoilage was related to the growth of yeasts, but the yeasts could be affected by the static magnetic field (SMF). So the SMF would be useful to control the yeast’s hazard in food industry. So far the use of SMF was limited as the systemic researches effects of SMF on yeasts were rather scarce. In this paper, the effects of magnetic induction and treatment time on yeasts, the survival probability of yeasts under SMF were studied for investigating the regularity of action. These studies would lay the basis of SMF application in food industry on theory and practice.

 Carnosine is a dipeptide found in skeletal muscle and nervous tissue, reported to possess antioxidant activity. To determine its antioxidant activity, three methods were used, namely: the reduction of K3Fe(CN)6, the system of BSA oxidation induced by CuCl2-H2O2 and BSA glycation induced by glucose. The results showed that carnosine possessed the reducing power; the presence of carnosine significantly decreased the protein carbonyl formation in a dose-dependent manner (p<0.01) and inhibited BSA oxidation. Carnosine was saccharified by glucose and the amount of saccharification end products increased (p< 0.01) with the increasing concerntration of carosine.

The extraction of the β-galactosidase produced by La-A and La-B was studied with the ultrasonic cell-break method. Meanwhile, the activity of β-galactosidase was assayed with reagent ONPG as substrate.Through the single-factor experiment and orthogonal experiment, the optimum technology was chosen. The results showed that the optimum conditions on cell-break of La-A with the ultrasonic method were: work time 7.6s,work/terral time 28s/20s, and temperature 36℃ and B was work time 6.8s, work/intermission time 20s/20s, and temperature 37℃. In these conditions, the activity of β-galactosidase produced by La-A and La-B reached 5.963μmol ONP/L·min and 6.683μmol ONP/L·min respectively. Therefore, Lactobacillus acidophilus had higher activity of producing β-galactosidase.

The antimicrobial actions of tea saponin from the Camellia Oleifera were studied in vitro. The results showed that the high concentration of crude saponin has relatively strong inhibition effect to Staphylocooccus aureus, Bacillus subtilis and Saccharomyces cerevisiate respectively, especially to Saccharomyces cerevisiate. Its MIC is 3.2mg/ml. It had no abvious action to Aspergillus fungi. It had selectivity inhibition effect to different plant pathogeny fungus. And its effieacy correlated to teasaponins’c oncentration.

Konjac glucomannan (KGM) was deacetylized for membrane. The membranes made of denatured KGM showed better tensile strength, water resistance and water-cleansing endurance than those of undenatured KGM. By means of infrared absorption spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction and seanning electron microseope, the relationship between structures and func- tional properties was discussed. A study on the conservation of fruit by modified konjac glucomannan was carried out under room temperature. The results showed that the modified konjac glucomannan had better fresh-keeping efficacy.

A new non-thermal pasteurization technique using non-thermal plasma (NTP) was investigated. This study showed that NTP was capable of killing foodborne pathogens, such as Escherichia coli, in liquids such as water, apple cider, and orange juice. Five logs reduction in the bacteria counts was achieved under the experimental conditions. At or above plasma ignition voltages, the NTP bactericidal effect varied with different treatment time and volumes. The characteristics of sample materials also affected the treatment. Vitamin C loss was substantially reduced with the treatment compared with other methods.

 A peach cultivar“ yuhuasanhao” was used to investigate by GC the changes of the ethylene production, ACC (1-aminocyclo propane-1-carboxyli acid) content and the activity of ACC oxidase in five different maturity stages. At the same time the changes of α-L-Arabinofuranosidase activity were analyzed. Their effect on peach softening was discussed. It was found that the time peak of ethylene was similar to that of ACC content and ACC oxidase. The activity of α-L-Arabinofuranosidase changed gently at initial stage and after that it experienced an increasing stage. In this paper, the result preliminary showed that the affecting mechanism of α-L-Arabinofuranosidase and ethylene on peach ripening and softening.

Abstract】 A functional soybean acid-precipitated protein (SAPP)-polysaccharide conjugate was prepared by dry-heat medium temperature (60℃) treatment. The covalent attachment of polysaccharides to protein was confirmed by SDS-PAGE. The reaction path of protein-polysaccharide Maillard reaction was analyzed. It was reported that the protein-polysaccharide products were obtained in 2 steps, and could be acceptably put in the products as the Amadori groups. The molecular structure features of conjugate were analyzed through IR-spectrums.  AbstractFilter('EnChDivSummary','ChDivSummaryMore2','ChDivSummaryReset2');

The optimum liquid culture conditions producing β-glucosidase from Pleurotus tuber regium (Fr.) Sing were studied. The optimum conditions for fermentation were: the soybean milk as the nitrogen source, the glucose as the carbon source, the initial optimum pH was 6.0. Under the optimal incubation condition: culture temperature was 25℃, volume 50ml/250ml, rotate speed 150r/min and culture time 72h, the highest β-glucosidase activity was obtained at wet weight of 1.86U/g (wet mycelium).

High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was used to detect endogenous phytohormones (IAA, GA3, ABA, ZR) of Nai-plum fruits (Prunussalicina Lindl.Var.cordata). Through comparing the variations of their contents after different cold shock treatments and the chilling injuries (CI), the regularity of phytohormone variations and the relationship between phytohormones level and the chilling tolerance of Nai-plum fruits during the cold storage were discussed. Furthermore, through SDS-PAGE analysis, the cold shock treatment was found able to delay the discomposition of proteins, hence to raise the tolerance of CI of Nai-plum fruit.

It is a fact that Bdellovibrio can lyse gram-negative pathogenic bacteria. In this study, 4 strains of Bdellovibrio sp., designated Bh04-4, Bh04-41a, Bh04-A+ and Bh04-1f, were respectively isolated from seawaters using Bh04 as a host bacterium. 41 strains of vibrios from either aquatic waters or seafood were used as hosts. After confirmation of being Bdellovibrio sp. by electron microscopy and specific PCR method, lytic ability on 41 vibrios was assayed. Results showed that taking all four Bdellovibrios together, 36 lysed out of 41 strains, amounting to 87.8% lysis ability. The lysis abilities on Vibrio parahaemolyticus, Vibrio cholerae and Vibrio alginolyticus were 88.9%, 83.3%, 81.8% respectively. Results of this study fully demonstrated the potential application of Bdellovibrio on lysing vibrios from seafood origin.

The effects of Streptococcus lactis, enzyme and acidity in acidic steeping liquor in producing Mung bean (Phaseolus aureu Roxb.) starch were studied in this paper. The result showed that when pH was around 5.9, the streptococcus lactis and pH played an important role in processing mung bean starch, so as to hasten the enzyme flocculation of the mung bean starch liquor, and the yield of starch as well. The flocculation function sequence was Streptococcus lactis>pH>enzyme induced by the streptoccus.

Nattokinase, a new kind of food fibrinolytic enzyme, extracted from the Japanese traditional food natto, is foundto be a strong fibrinolytic enzyme. Compared with some traditional thrombolytics, nattokinase, is found to be safe and low-cost. The chemical modification has become an effective method to improve nattokinase activity. The experiments has obtained the optimum concentration of metal ion for nattokinase chemical modification. The 6mmol/L Mg2+ can obviously activate the modified NK 45% higher activity than the natural NK. Howerer the Ca2+, Mn2+ or Ni2+ can inhibit the NK activity to different extents.

The influence of the glucose oxidase (GOD) and potassium bromate on the -SH in wheat flour protein was studied. The variation of the extract content of albumin, globulin, gliadin, glutenin in wheat flour and the composition change of the amino acid in gluten protein was aslo investigated. The results indicated that compared with potassium bromate, GOD has a strong effect on denaturing the wheat flour protein and in addition, excessive GOD might result in overoxidation.

 Object: To study the effects of mannitol content and mycelium weight by different culture condition in mycelium of cordyceps sinensis. Method: Colorimetric method was used to determine mannitol content. Mycelium weight was weighted after drying. Result: The mycelium weight was maximum at 16 days of shaking with ammonium nitrate as the optimum source of nitrogen. To obtain a high mannitol content in culture and mycelium, it was necessary to have 8 days of shaking and the optimum source of nitrogen was ammonium ohloride. Conclusion: The mannitol content and mycelium weight were affected by shaking time and source of nitrogen.

In this paper the main nutritional components and polysaccharid composition of the Gracilaria lemaneiformis collected from the Nanao sea area were analyzed. The results showed that the contents of the crude protein, carbohydrate, crude fat, crude fiber and ash from the Gracilaria lemaneiformis were 19.14%, 43.76%, 0.5%, 4.8% and 28.77% respectively. The Gracilaria lemaneiformis also had a high content of eight essential amino acids and taurine together with essential microelements such as iron and zinc. The content of polysaccharide from Gracilaria lemaneiformis is 31.05%; The polysaccharide extracted by hot water was isolated by DEAE- celluose column chromatography. Three polysaccharide fractions were obtained by eluting with different concentrations of NaCl solutions. The chemistry analysis, paper chromatography and infrared spectroscopy method all showed that polysaccharide from Gracilaria lemaneiformis was polysaccharide sulfate which was mainly composed of D- galactose and 3,6-AG-L-galactose. To every fraction, the contents of SO4- and 3,6-AG-L-galactose had great discrepancy. The polysaccharide eluted by low concentration NaCl solutions was mainly composed of D-galactos(55.8%),3,6-AG-L-galactosee (42.1%) and sulfate-(9.12%).

The formation and regeneration of the protoplast from Monascus ruber M9x were studied. The results showed that the soybean sprout juice used to culture mycelium and the mycelium aged 60h used as operated material were easily processed to form protoplast. Under the action of 1.5% mixed enzyme (snail enzyme: cellulose enzyme =7:3) and with 0.6mol/L MgSO4 used as osmotic stabilizer, the protoplasts could reach 1.61×1 07/ml, and the regeneration rate was 8.49%.

The paper studied the fat content and fatty acids composition in intramuscular and subcutaneous fat of male and female pigs. Meanwhile the change of lipid oxidation of chilled pig stored in (4±0.5)℃ and dark was assayed. The results showed: 1. The effects of sex on the components and contents of intramuscular and subcutaneous fatty acid were not significant ( p>0.05). 2. The lipid oxidation of intramuscular fat was higher than subcutaneous fat (p<0.05) during storage. 2-thiobarbituric acid (TBA) value of intramuscular fat was close to 0.5mg/kg while the subcutaneous fat was below 0.2mg/kg at the fifth day. It was usually felt off-odour when the TBA value was over 0.5mg/kg. Hence it was crucial to control the intramuscular lipid oxidation so as to ensure good chilled pig quanlity.

 60 samples were selected from oil dregs of oil refining plant, screened by plate and liquate medium and menstruated lipase activity, starting strain was obtained by compared diameters of colony and hydrolyzed transparency circle on screening plate. The strain were obtained by mutagenesis with UV, which has high and special hydrolyze to perilla oil with rich a-linolenic acid and its lipase activity was 52.3% higher than that original strain.

Based on requests of coarse rice bran oil refining technology ,main effect factors were determined by temperature, circulation water quantity, oil remaining acid value, change of oryzanol content, height and forming time of liquid crystal. Based on principle that fatty acids can be transformed into fatty acid sodium in certainty range of pH, an efficient method was provided for separation of fatty acids in liquid crystal state of rice bran oil with high acid value.

Raw strawberry, tomato, carrot and grape were juiced respectively. The four kinds of juices were mixed proportionally, added with different gels, and then subjected to a range of 10 to 50 MPa for homogenization. The stability of the mixed vegetable and fruit juice was investigated. It indicated that minimum suspended substance content (SSC) was observed with a homogenization pressure (HP) of 30 MPa. The optimum combination of stabilizing agents was 0.15% xanthan gum (XG), 0.05% CMC and 0.05% pectin.

This paper studied microencapsulation of cinnamaldehyde oil by spray-drying, selected mixtures of chitason, malt dextrin and sucrose as wall materials. The results showed that the composition of the mixture affected its viscosity and stability, and was important to production rate and quality of cinnamaldehyde oil microencapsulation. The viscosity of the mixture showed be kept at 125～150mPa·s. The optimum wall composition was 1.0% chitason, 1.0%～1.5% sucrose, 1.0%～2.0% malt dextrin.

Different pretreatments, such as scalding, brining, sulfurated or freezing, with microwave respectively on sugar permeability have been studied through tracking down the content variations of VC and sugar in the sugared apples. The results showed that the ways of pretreatment with sulfuring and sugar permeability with low power microwave were optimal. The optimum conditions were as follows: content of sugar 20%, and content of VC 4.11mg/100g, to reach the values of sensory 90 scores.

This paper reported the producessing technology on preparing complex amino acids from plant spent protein resources-cottonseed cake and rapeseed cake hydrolyzed by HCl, and the optimum parameters were: the HCl concentration 4mol/L, the ratio of cake to water is1:4(g/g), reacting 9h under 126℃ with added pressure. The results showed that the hydrolysis degree of cottonseed cake and rapeseed cake are up to 11.34% and 13.96% respectively, and the toxic components of cottonseed cake and rapeseed cake could be reduced or wiped off .

The contents of melanoidins in the long- ripenned Douchiba(DCB) fermented for 18 months in the amount of 4. 76%(dry basis) according to Hashiba’s method. The analyses of the amino acids in melanoidin fractions separated by optimized extraction procedures at ambient temperature showed that a part of the melanoidin skeleton was composed of peptide structure, in which the most reactive amino acids residues to form melanoidins mainly were aspartic acid, glutamic acid, arginine, lysine and proline.

 A feasible way to produce lactulose, employing milk ultrafiltrate as source of lactose and egg shell as catalyst, is proposed as an alternative means for utilising these industrial wastes. Influences of catalyst loadings, lactose concentration and pH on lactose isomerisation were studied. Optimal production of lactulose was reached at 98℃, employing 6 mg/ml of catalyst loading within 60 min of reaction. Quantities of lactulose of 1.18 g/100ml and low levels of secondary products (epi-lactose, galactose and organic acids) were produced under these conditions of reaction. Methodology to remove coloured by-products from lactulose syrup in a range of 65%～92% was established.

 Research has been carried out on the technology of separating resveratrol and procyanidin extracted from the peanuts red skin. The macroporous adsorption resin AB-8 have been selected from 3 kinds of carriers by static adsorption and de-adsorption test. The single factor tests and orthogonal experiments have been applied to optimize the enrichment and separation condition of resveratrol and procyanidin. The optimum adsorption conditions were as follows: feeding rate 1ml/min, pH value 7.0 with the concentrations of resveratrol and procyanidin to be respectively 2μg/ml and 0.6mg/ml. The optimum elution conditions were elution rate 1.5ml/min and pH value 5.0. Resveratrol and procyanidin could be purified and separated by different concentration of methanol. Resveratrol was eluted by 20% methanol while procyanidin by 40% and 60%. After combining the same components, the products could be obtained by concentration and lyophilization with the contents of resveratrol and procyanidin as respectively 43.6%  and 93.05%. 

To study the technology of supercritical CO2 extraction of Phospholipid from Polygonum multiflorum Thunb, the effects of pressure, temperature, time, kinds and content of entrainer on the phospholipid extraction were explored. The optimum technological conditions were identified with the orthogonal design. The optimum technological conditions were as follows: temperature 50℃, pressure 30Mpa , Folch reagent as entrainer with content 60% and time 120min.

CF10, a strain producing inhibitory activity substance, screened out by scrip method and cylinder-dish method from the by product yellow-liquor, was identified as Lactobacillus buchneri. The supernatant of CF10 culture exhibited strong inhibitorya ctivitya gainstt heg ram-positiveb acteria,i ncludingS taphylococcusa ureusa ndB acillus subtilis, andr esistedi nterfering effects of organic acids and hydrogen peroxide. A strong inhibitory activity was also observed against the gram-negative bacteria, such as Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas pyocyanea, Saccharomyces cerevisiae K and some epiphyte. CF10 was complexly mutated by ultraviolet radiation(UV) and diethyl sulphate(DES). The relative protency of supernatant thus increased 258% with stable inheritance. The culture medium composed of maltose as carbon source and peptone and yeast extract asnitrogen source would enhance, the maximum inhibitory activity of the mutant bacteriocinoid under the optimal conditions: culture temperature 37℃, initial pH6.0～6.5 for 48h, 1% inoculation, in anaerobic condition, and presence of K+、Mg2+ and Mn2+.

The sodium octenylsuccinate starch and gum arabic of low viscosity were used as wall material respectively to microencapsulate oil. The relative emulsion stability was analyzed. It was found that the viscosity of sodium octenylsuccinate starch was lower than that of gum arabic. The emulsion stability when sodium octenylsuccinate starch was used as wall materials to microencapsulate oil was better than that when gum arabic was used as wall material. The higher the degree of substitution in sodium octenylsuccinate starch, the better was the emulsion stability. Both microencapsulation efficiency and storing stability when sodium octenylsuccinate starch was used as wall material was higher than that when gum arabic was used as wall material. The storing stability of microencapsulated oil would be higher with the increase of the degree of substitution of sodium octenylsuccinates tarch.

 Used different concentrations of edible organic acid admixture or common salt and organic acid admixture or common salt alone, to infuse the fruit-body of mushrooms. The results showed that during storage the quality keep time of the soaked mushrooms could exceed 500d by 2.0%～2.5% edible organic acid admixture treatment.

s: Three approaches, ethanol immersion extraction water immersion extraction and ethanol Soxhlep Extractor extraction, were used to extract flavonoid compound from the tartay buckwheat bran. The results showed that the optimum conditions of the ethanol immersion extraction were 70～75℃ and 10:1 of 75% ethanol extraction 4h and the water immersion extraction 70～75℃and 20:1 of water extraction 6h, while the optimum conditions of the ethanol soxhlet extraction were 95% ethanol back-flow extraction 8h.

Chlorogenic acid has biological activity such as anti-microbes, anti-virus , oxidation prevention and so on. Sunflower seeds are full of chlorogenic acid. This experience extracted chlorogenic acid out of waste aqueous solution from water-enzyme method sunflower seeds oil extraction. The experiments results showed that when concentration of solid substance of the waste aqueous solution was condensated to 13% (W/V)on vacuum, 95% alcohol(1:1,V/V) was added to the condensated solution to sedimentate polysaccharose, sedimentation was centrifugalized, repeated above treatment, and filtrate was collected and condensated on vacuum, then chlorogenic acid crystal of 76% purity was obtained.

A new, simple and rapid spectophotometric FI technique for accurate determination of I- has been developed. The method was based on the decrease of absorbance intensity of rhodamine B due to the complexation with [I2Br]-, which I- could be selectively oxidated to form I2 by Ce(Ⅳ) in acidic medium where I2 reacted with Br- to form [I2Br]-. Which I- could be selectively oxidated to form I2 by Ce(IV) in acdic medium where I2 reacted with Br- to form [I2Br]-. At this moment, some changes of the solution’s color took place. It was found useful for sensitivity test in CTMAB media. The absorption peak of the complexation increased linearly by addition of I-, occured at 585nm. Optimization of chemical and FI variables has been made. Under the optimized conditions, the calibration curve obtained was linear over the range 50～1000μg/L, while the detection limit was lower than 20 μg/L, and the precision level ( RSD=0.85%, n=10 ) was found quite satisfactory. This method showed good sensitivity and selectivity. Proper amount of inorganic acid radical ions, metal ions and other halide ions would not interfere the determination. Application of the method to the analysis of I- in kelp, laver, common salt or sea salt would result a good agreement between the expected and found values.

Volatile flavor compounds of traditional Chinese Nanjing water boiled salted duck were analyzed by headspace solid phase microextraction (HS-SPME) combined with GC-MS. Results indicated that total 99 volatile flavor compounds were identified including aldehydes(23 kinds), N-,S-,O- containing compounds(11 kinds), esters(2 kinds), alcohols(10 kinds), acids(7 kinds), hydrocarbons(24 kinds), kentons(8 kinds) and other compounds(7 kinds), whereas forty compounds were firstly identified in duck meat. The major volatiles identified were degradation products of fatty acids. Results showed that the important flavor compounds contributed to water boiled salted duck meat were possibly some aldehydes and N-,S-,O- containing compounds.

In order to assay the alliin in garlic (Allium sativum L.),the content of alliin was assayed by the reaction of 4- mercaptopyridine with thiosulfinates formed from the alliin.The optical difference at 324 nm between the samples with and without alliinase was proportional to the contents of alliin. The alliin was amounted to 0.74%～0.92% in the three types of garlic. The method is simple, fast and easy to be used in the plant of garlic processing.

The β-carotene in Elsholtzia bodinieri V. was studied quantitively and qualitatively with chromatograpphy and spectrophytometry methods. The results showed that the seed was of high nutritive values and pharmaco- logical efficacy, and of promising prospects in exploitation and utilization in food and medicine.

The total DNAs of fifteen potatoes and their product samples were extracted by CTAB method. The PCR detection results of endogenous PATA gene were all positive, which showed that the DNAs were extracted successfully. The duplex PCR detection results of Agrobacterium tumefaciens nopaline synthase (nos) terminator and Escherichia coli strain K12 neomycin phosphotransferase II (nptⅡ) gene in these samples were all negative. The multiplex PCR detection methods of endogenous PAPA gene, Cauliflower mosaic virus (CaMV) 35S promoter, nos terminator and nptⅡ gene were developed, using the mixture of potato DNA and positive plamid pBI121 as PCR template. The multiplex PCR has some traits such as saving reagent and time, so it may be popularized to detect genetically modified products.

A spectrophotometric method for the determination of selenium (IV) is described, based on the selenium (IV)- catalyzed oxidation of dimethyl yellow with potassium bromate in 0.004 mol/L nitric acid solution medium and in the presence of OP emulsifier(p-iso-octyl phenoxy polyethoxy ethanol). As the redox reaction proceeds, the red color of dimethyl yellow is decolorized. The value of ΔA shows a good linear relationship with the amounts of selenium (IV) (A0: absorbance of uncatalyzed reaction solution; A: absorbance of catalyzed reaction solution). The results show that the maximum absorption is at 530 nm and the detection limit of the method for Se(IV) is 0.015μg/L. Beer’s law is obeyed for Se (IV) in the range of 0.00～0.80μg/L. The recoveries are 98.0%～102.5%, and the relative standard deviations (RSD) are 2.6%～4.3%. The method has been applied to the determination of trace selenium (IV) in egg and wheat samples, and satisfactory results were obtained.

Colour reaction of Cu2+ with 3-thiazodyzo -5-amino phenol(3-TAP) was studied. In cetyltrimethylam moniumbromide (CTMAB)medium and pH6.5 buffer solution of clark-lubs 3-TAP could react with copper(Ⅱ) to form a stable 1:1 complex. The molar absorptivity was 3.45×104L/mol·cm, at 546nm when beer’s law was obeyed in the range of 0～2.8μg/ml, This method is applied to the determination of copper in foods with satisfactory results.

 An enzymatic method for analysis of technology in polysaccharides of Boletus edulis Bull has been studied in this paper .The experimental results showed that the optimal amount of three enzymes used were: α-amylase 2000U/g,trypsin 1500U/ g and saccharogenic enzyme 4000U/g. The yield of the sample obtained was 5.1% content of β-glucans.

A method simultaneously determining of Phosphorus,Potassium,Lead,Zinc etc. altogether 17 elements in tea by ICP-OES was developed. This paper study the method of dealing with the tea sample and determination conditions by ICP-OES. Influence such as elements interference were discussed. The rate of the recoveries of 17 elements is from 81.6% to 107. 2%, with relative standard deviation (RSD) is from0.23% to 8.92%. Analytical results of standard reference material (tea) obtained by the means of this method are in good agreement with the reference values. The method is satisfactory for tea.

The method of detecting the contents of biogenic amine in alcoholic beverages (rice wine) by HPLC was developed. The optimized condition was: samples were extracted by 0.4mol/L HClO4, and then derived using Dns-Cl. The mobile phase was ··a gradient elution program with a binary mixture of acetonitrile and water. The flow rate was 0.8ml/min. Diode array detector was used in the final determination with λ=254nm. The detection limits were 0.05μg/ml for cadaverine, histamine and spermidine, 0.1μg/ml for tyramine, and 0.25μg/ml for spermine. It is linear over the range of concentrations between 2.0 and 40μg/ml (R >0.99).The recovery of the method were 96.6%,101.94%,101.90%,98.65%,107.4% for cadaverine, histamine, tyramine, spermidine and spermine, respectively. By this method the kinds and contents of biogenic amine in rice wine was firstly determined. It was noticed that the biogenic amine kinds and contents varied with different rice wine. The average of total biogenic amine in rice wine was 114.45μg/ml . The variation was 39.27 ～241.07μg/ml。

The ultrasonic method was used for extracting flavonoids of C.pinnatifida Bunge and the flavonoids were determinedby spectrophotometry, the recovery is 96%～105% and the coefficient of variation is 0.14%. The antioxidation effect of C. pinnatifida Bunge was studied by the flow-injection chemiluminescence. The results show that C.pinnatifida Bunge has the strength antioxidative effect, and the antioxidative effect increased with increasing concentration .

In this paper, four trade-proteases were chosen to hydrolyze silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix) muscle protein to obtain hydrolysates with powerful inhibitory activity on Angiotensin Ⅰ-Converting Enzyme (ACE) in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats (SHR) serum. The results showed that the optimum conditions for As.1398 Neutrase, Flavorzyme, Alcalase and Protamex were: temperature 40℃, 55℃, 55℃, 50℃, and pH7.5, 7.0, 7.5, 6.5 respectively. In vitro experimental results indicated that the hydrolysates of 12h obtained by Flavorzyme had higher degree of hydrolysis (28.05%) and higher ACE inhibitory activity (64.75%). Different parts of silver carp were hydrolyzed by Flavorzyme at the optimum conditions derived from orthogonal experiment. They all showed good hydrolytic effect with DH (22%～40%) and rate of protein recovery (RE) about 90%. The hydrolysates of white muscle have the highest ACE inhibitory activity than other parts at the same concentration (1mg/ml).

With an improved medium fibrinogen plate, coagulated blood of time , dissolve of coagulated blood. It was found take on actions anti-cruor of distilling composition from lobster sauce by these experiment. The test will provide experimental evidence for developing new thrombolytic medicine and health food.

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of goat plancenta immunoregulatory factor(GPIF) on the immunological function of mice irradiated by 60Co-γray. This study was carried out by determining the rat of splenic lymphocytes induced by ConA or LPS with MTT test, the ability of DTH with the changes of weight of ear’s piece, and the levels of IgG in serum with ELISA test. The results indicated that GPIF could efficiently increase the numbers of splenic lymphocytes irradiated by 60Co-γray, enhance the ability of delayed type hypersensitivity, and increase the level of IgG in serum of mice wholly irradiated by 60Co-γray. It was concluded that GPIF could recover the specific immunity function of mice with the immunity damage by irradiation and increase the ability of mice with irradiation resistance.

Objective: Study on antioxidant activity of different extracts from fruits of Siraitia grosvenori. in vitro. Methods: D-deoxyribose method, reagent box method and spectrophotometry method were used to determine the inhibiting effect on radical activity and hemolysis of red blood cells. Results: 1. Different extracts from fruits of Siraitia grosvenori. all had inhibiting effects on hydroxyl radical (·OH) activity, superoxide anion radical (O·2)activity, MDA and the hemolysis of red blood cells. But antioxidant effects of different extracts were different in different antioxidant systems. 2. Mogrosides were the main components that inhibit MDA and hemolysis of red blood cells, and also had synergetic effect with the other components of extracts on scavenging ·OH and O·2 radicals. Conclusion: Extracts from fruits of Siraitia grosvenori. had antioxidant effects while Mogrosides were the main antioxidant components of the extracts.

The effects of curcumin on the biochemical indices of blood, liver and heart tissues of exercise rat were studied in this test by intensity endurance training model. The results showed that the curcumin could significantly decrease the activities of SGOT and SGPT (P<0.05) and also the content of MDA (p<0.05), but increase the content of Hb (p<0.05), and the activities of GSH-Px and CAT (p<0.05) in serum, and also increase the activities of SOD, CAT, GSH-Px in heart tissues (p<0.05), and of GSH-Px in liver (p<0.05) while decrease the content of MDA in liver (p<0.05). These indicated that curcumin had strong functions on enhancing the capabilities of blood, liver and heart tissues antioxidant to clearing the free radicals and to promot the rats exercise ability.

 Objective:Investigation on protection effects of proanthocyanidins from Lotus Seedpod (LSPC) on mice viscera damage caused by 60Co-γ radiation. Methods:Mice were given different dosages of LSPC continuously for 15 days by gavage, then exposed to 4.0 Gy 60Co-γ radiation, the mice were killed after 3 days exposure and assayed for viscera increase index with additional morphology observation. Results:After mice were exposed to 4.0 Gy 60Co-γ, the increase index of mice spleen and thymus were up to 100, 200mg/kg bw respectively, and showed significiant difference to the control group (p<0.01 and p< 0.05 respectively). LSPC can protect or restore mice spleen and thymus damages caused by 60Co-γ. Conclusions: LSPC had a certain of protective effect on subchronic damages to viscera by 4.0 Gy 60Co-γ.

The effects of the polysaccharide (L-2) extracted from Lentinus edodes on the immune response of Sarcoma 180- bearing mice were evaluated. Mice were treated with two doses of polysaccharide L-2 (1, 10mg/kg body weight) for 10 days. The concentration of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interferon-2 (IL-2) in mice serum and TNF-α mRNA expression were determined. The concentration of TNF-α in serum increased significantly in two doses groups compared to the model control group, but IL-2 not. The level of TNF-α mRNA transcription increased significantly in two doses groups to the model control group. Results of these studies demonstrated the polysaccharide L-2 significantly promoted TNF-α production, immunity potentiating and anti-tumor effects of the polysaccharide L-2 were associated with its potentiation of TNF-α mRNA expression att het ranscriptionall evel.

To evaluate the edible safety of prepared IgY. Some tests of acute oral toxicity, born marrow cell micronucleus, sperm shape abnormality in mice, Ames and thirty - day feeding were conducted in our study.The LD50 of all the rats and mice were more than 20ml/ kg bw, so the teeth protection spray belonged to actually non - toxicity; tests of born marrow cell micronucleus, sperm shape abnormality in mice, Ames were negative; The thirty - day feeding test in rats demonstrated that it had no distinctive effects on routine blood, body weight and biochemical index. The teeth protection spray was safe for edibility.

 Aim:To study the effects of cordyceps polysaccharide on micronucleus of Vicia faba root tip cells caused by mitomycin-c(MMC). Methods: Micronucleus test of Vicia faba root tip cells. Results: Vicia faba micronucleus rates(MCN‰) of cordyceps intracelluar polysaccharide and exopolysaccharide (The concentration was 100, 80, 50μg/ml respectively)caused by MMC(The concentration was 0.5μg/ml) were all less obviously than the positive control group (0.5μg/ml MMC; p <0.01); The maximal inhibition rates of cordyceps intracelluar polysaccharide and exopolysaccharide were 60.48%, 62.20% respectively. Vicia faba MCN‰ of cordyceps intracelluar polysaccharide and exopolysaccharide (The concentration was 30μg/ml) caused by MMC (The concentration was 0.5μg/ml) were significantly different in comparison with the positive control group(0.5μg/ml MMC; p<0.05). There was significant difference among the four concentrations of polysaccharide to the effects on micronucleus at least(p<0.05). In addition, with the increase of the concentration of polysaccharide Vicia faba incressed, the MCN‰ decreased. Conclusions: Cordyceps intracelluar polysaccharide and exopolysaccharide could inhibit the yield of micronucleus of Vicia faba root tip cells caused by MMC.

 s: The Trapa taiwanensis L. fruits with 4 angles from Wuhu, Anhui province, were stored at 3±1, 20±1℃ respectively to investigate the effects of storage temperature on fruit qualities and physiology. The results showed that 3℃ cold storage was effective to slow down respiratory rate, decrease the losses of water, delay tissue senescence, inhibit POD activity, maintain membrane integrity, reduce the contents of free phenols and combined phenols, and slow down occurrence of browning. All these assays show that the fruit qualities of Trapa taiwanensis L. become better and more attractive commercially after storage at 3℃.

In this paper, quality of chilling beef was evaluated after processing with bacteria reducing methods by ultraviolet radiation, ultrasonic and modified atmosphere packing. All detecting items for these samples processed covered color, extracting, pH, holding water capacity, ratio of cooked loss, TVB-N, colony-forming unit and coliform bacteria. At 0￣4℃, the results of the seventh group (mixture gases rate: CO2:O2:N2=2:1:1) indicated that the formula had the longest storage time of 22d for chilling beef among the whole groups. Moreover, the tenderness of beef with ultrasonic processing was improved in comparison with blank groups.

Postharvest resistance of fruit inoculated with T. roseum or A. alternata was induced by treatment of benzo (1, 2, 3) thiadiazole-7-carbothioic acid S-methylester (BTH) or Harpin one day before harvest or by salicylic acid (SA) treatment after harvest. Efficacy of reducing decay with BTH, Harpin or SA is enhanced with the increase of elicitors concentration, so 100mg/L BTH, 60mg/L Harpin or 0.4mg/L SA is found to decrease the lesion diameter to a great extent in fruit inoculated with T. roseum orA .a lternata,r espectively.

Six different storage treatments were designed to study the SO2 injury preventing techniques during storage for red grape variety, every bag of grapes treated and 7 bags CT 2 (SO2 tablet) were placed in special polyethylene bags designed for storage for grapes, namely treatment T1, T2, T3 and T4. Before harvest grapes were sprayed with 2% sodium polyphosphate, mixed agents including 2% potassium iodide and 0.5% iodine, and 0.5% potassium iodide respectively. Treatment T4, grapes were sprayed with nothing before harvest, and placed in the bag, with 7bags CT2 and 1g iodine. The iodine was enclosed in a small plastic bag with a hole whose diameter was 1mm. In control CK1, grapes were sprayed with nothing, while control CK2, with instilled water before harvest. Temperature was controlled at -1℃and relative humidity at 95% during storage. After 180 days, bleaching indexes of treatment T1, T2 ,T3 and T4 decreased to 45.94% and 44.73%, 66.24% and 65.80%, 44.16% and 43.44%, 58.88% and 58.35% respectively in comparison with CK1 and CK2. The agents mixed with SO2 could not weaken the antisepsis capability of SO2. On the contrary, iodine strengthened it. Potassium iodide could strengthen the capability of the inhibition on browning of SO2, but iodine could weaken and sodium polyphosphate had insignificant effect on it.

Like many metal-binding proteins, lactoferrin is an iron-binding glycoprotein found in high concentrations in human and bovine milk, in the granules of neutrophils and several mucosal secretions. Many biological functions have been ascribed to LF (lactoferrin). It is a component of the non-specific immune system with distinct antiviral properties. This pape reviews the present knowledge about the antiviral activities and, when possible, the antiviral modes of action of this protein. Lactoferrin displays antiviral activity against HIV, both DNA- and RNA-viruses, including rotavirus, respiratory syncytial virus, and herpes viruses. The most antiviral effects of LF are in the early phase of infection. Lactoferrin prevents entry of virus in the host cell, either by blocking cellular receptors, or by direct binding to the virus particles. This obviously is quite different from the cytokine such as INF before.

Astaxanthin, a kind of keto-carotenoids has strong anti-oxidative capability and can scavenge ROS effectively in human body. In this paper, the functions of astaxanthin as an antioxidant in health and nutrition, covering anti-cancer, anti- inflammatory, UV-light protection, improving immune response and fighting against aging were reviewed in detail. Then, the bioactivity and the safety of natural and synthetic astaxanthin were compared with a conclusion that astaxanthin from Haematococcus pluvialis has the exclusive application value in nutrition and health food. The prospect of natural astaxanthin in pharmaceuticals and nutrition industries were also discussed at finals.

Reviews on the development and the updated research progresses of natural food preservatives extracted from plant materials in recent years at home and abroad were elucidated. The actual problems present in developing natural food preservatives from plant were analyzed. The application prospects of natural preservatives from plant materials in food storage were visualized.

 Genetically modified food is a newly born product in human being’s scientific history. This paper attempts to provide a detailed analysis of the nutrition ingredient, nutriment stability during processing, biologic utilization and effect of nutriment, etc. In addition, it gives a rational analysis of the hidden trouble of security and reasonable evaluation of transgenetic food. This paper also puts forward the prospect of transgenetic food and upholds the view that genetic food will develop scientifically as long as people hold a scientific and rational attitude towards it.

 Polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) is a kind of important nutriments which are the important cell membrane components and have important physiological functions. So the research and application of PUFA have been studied more and more. This article dissertated the nutritional functions of PUFA and the mechanism of PUFA regulating the expressions of gene.

Clove essential oil made by steam distillation yielded many low boiling point components. In order to prevent the volatilization of clove essential oil, the processing technology of clove essential oil microcapsule by spray-drying method was studied and the structure of the product was observed by scanning electron microscope. The results showed that microcapsule was obtained in optimum conditions by spray-drying technology as follows: the gum acacia and maltodextrin proportion was 1: 1 in the wall materials, proportion of clove essential oil to wall materials was 1:12, emulsion concentration 20%, emulsifier used as 0.3% of the emulsion homogenizing time 15 minutes and speed 1.5×104～1.6×104r/min, temperature of entering air and out going air 220℃ and 180℃ respectively.