Bothanimal -esterase and plant -esterase can be inhibited by pesticide.So,plant -esterase,as well as animal -esterase,can be used to detect pesticide residue.In this paper,plant -esterases,compared with animal -esterase were studied on activity,inhibition degree and relate d properties.The results of experim ent showed that the activity of plant -esterases and inhibition degree on pla nt -esterases was almost the same as an-imal -esterases.Both as plant -este rase,corn esterase’ s activity was much lower than wheat’ s.So it was not suitable to detect pesticide by usin g corn esterase.The pH effect was als o studied.The optimal pH value for plant -esterase was 6.5,and that for animal -esterase was 7.5.

Thepaperhas studiedtheediblefilm madeofLacalcoholsolutionandstarch.Therewas nosuchreportin China after the survey of Yunnan Info rmation Institute of Science and Technology.This filmforming such charac-teristics yet,would be affected by c oncentration,drying temperature,glycerin and epoxy chloropropane con-tent.This filmshowedbetterwaterp roof,moistproofandhigherstrenth.Itwas alsofoundthatthis filmwas harmless anddecomposable.The treatmentofb readcoatedby this filmcouldlower t he browning rate obviously andrestr ain therespirationofbread.Duringthe storage,theloss rateoftotalacida ndweightloss rateofcoatedbreadwe relower than the controls ,so the filmwould h ave wide application prospects.

In isolation of Oenococcusoeni fromwine,9kinds of culture media we re studied.The results showed thattherelativedetectiveforce(RDF)valuesofATBandoftheimprovedMRSa garmediawerethehighest.These two media showed the best capacity to culture the bacteria from wine.In order to inhibit the growth of yeasts,50mg /L actidione could be added,sev eral tests showed that the selective media were effective for O.oeni iso-lation fromwine.

By injecting the stomachofmice wit hthe Hovenia dulcis extractive,we s tudiedthe changes ofalcoholic concentration in the stomach,intestine and plasma of mice.The results s howed that Hovenia dulcis extractiv e could delay and decrease the absorpt ion of alcohol,so it could be used to p revent and cure alcohol intoxicatio n efficiently.

The granular properties of castanopsis carlesii starch has been studied by using the m odern analytecal techniques suchas electronscan,x -ray diffraction,polarizing microscopyandIodine VoltageAnalyzeretc.The granules of castanopsis carlesii starch shaped regularly,with size f rom5.4μmto 34.5μm,and hqd an obvious maltesecross.Itsx -raydiffractio ngraphappearedasCpattern.Forcastanopsiscarlesiistarch,thegelatinization temperature was from65.5℃to 79.5℃,the amylose content22.83%and the sw ell value and solubility lower.

The adsorption conditions and adsorption behavior of Ca 2+ on chitosan were investigated.The c oordi-nationpolymerofCa 2+ withchitosanwas synthesized.Elem entanalysis andIRandUV -VISspectr aassayresults showed that the chitosan formed a coo rdination polymer with Ca 2+ and adsorbed particle Ca 2+ too.Hence,there would be a prospect of developing pro bably a health food or phamaceaitcal ingredient.

Abatract:Lycopene stability during photosen sitized oxdation of soybean oil or la rd was studied.Concentrations of lycopene of 8,12,20×10 -6 were reduced when it was added into so ybean oil or lard,under light at32℃a nd triggered by methylene blue.Lycopene in soybean oil was more stable than that in lard during photosensitized ox-idation.The additionα-tocopherol at 25?80×10 -6 increased the stability of lycopene in photosensitized oxi-dation of lard whereas it had no effect in photosensitizd oxdation of soyb ean oil.

Theeffects ofdifferentconcentrations ofionk + andNa + onthe Xanthomonascampestris’ cellmembrane channel have been studied.The electron microscope photos and the experimental data of different specimens duringfermentationprocess werean alyzedbyprofessionalsoftware.Ba sedontheprinciples ofcellmembran e,the influenceof Xanthomonascampestris’ cellmembranechannelonthebiosynt hesis ofXanthangumwas expounded.As a result ,the channel of Xanthomonascampestris’ cell membrane have an important impr ess on the transport of former substantial for the biosynth esis of Xanthan gum.

Weobtaineda Rhodoruleglutinis mutantGLR 513 byprotoplasts mutagenization(UV.andEMS )tobeput into small scale lipid production .T he best minitype fermentation condi tions as to use glucose as carbon sour ce,(NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 as nitrogen source,C /Nas 70∶1,starting pHas 5.5,inoculative amount as20%and temperature as30℃.The yield of lipid production co uld reach 67.2%of dry thallius weigh t by replenishing carbon source in anaphase for 72h .We confirmed the co mponent of lipid by gas -liquid chrom atogrphy and mass spectrum: 2003,Vol.24,No.1palmitoleic acid 33.31%,oleic acid3.80%,γ-linoleic acid 0.20%,EPA2.60%and DHA3.60%with the amount as 56.61%.

This paper reported the characterti cs of pinang -taro starch,on granula r sizes viscosity,gelation tem-perature sedimentation velocity,acid hydrolysis velocity,swelling potential,relative density,volume weight and percentage content of amylose.In co ntrast to starches of wheat,corn,lily,mung bean,sweet potato and kudzuving,it revealed a series of ph ysical and chemical characteritics of this starch.The diameter of the grain is1～3μmand0%～1%amylosecontent.Itbecam epasteat60℃andthepastewas nontra nsparent..Its viscosity at 42℃was 1620mPa.s.When it was under acid aqueous solution(pH =4),it would sediment better.Acid hydrolysis velocity was lower than t hatof sweetpotato.The swelling potential was 15.07at85℃,only lower th an lily.Otherwise,its relative density was 1.429g /cm 3 and volume weight649.5g /L.

DHA is a kind of necessary fatty a cid asa functionel compoent for brain an d eye developnent cardio-vascular diseases prevention Recen tly the research on DHA production by microorgacism fermentation became Especially Thraustochytrium was reckoned as potential microorganismto produce DHAindustrially.In this paper.the effect of unsaturated lip ide on DHAproduction by T.roseum MF2was studied.Results showed that T roseum MF2could utilize unsaturated lipid s in varying degrees for growth and pr oduction of DHA .When the concentration of perillaseed oil in the mediumwas 20g /L,DHAyield was 382mg /Lwhich was the hi ghest yield amongall.ItcouldenhanceDHAconte ntinlipidandDHAyieldwhensafflow eroilorperillaseedoilwas addedin to the meliumcontaining 40g /l goucose as main carbon source.DHAyield was r espectively raised by 18.5%and28.5%when either oils was added into mediumby 8g /L

The abilities ofthe tolerance ofalc oholconcentration,sugar concentr ation,sulfur dioxide concentratio n and agglutination to both Kuerle fra grant pear yeast XL1and XL2were studied.The results showed that XL1and XL2couldbothfermentthefragrantp earjuicewithsugarcontent50%,sul furdioxideconcentration250mg /La nd alcohol concentration 20%.Their ag glutination was very strong.The abi lities of XL2of adapting to alcohol and sugar werestronger thanthatofXL1,butthetoleranceabilityofXL2tosu lfurdioxidewas weaker thanthatofX L1.

Antioxidantextractedfrom Kaempferigalanga L.(AOKGL)showedstrong antioxidative activity inlard peanutoilandfishoil,whichwascon centrationdependent.Theaddition of0.02%ω(AOKGL)couldmakethelard rancidity time 2times longer.The an tioxidative activity in lard by addi ng 0.06%ω(AOKGL)was about the same as that ofω(BHT)=0.02%.Both citrate and ethylenedi amine tetraacetic acid showed marked synergic antiox-idativeactivityforAOKGLinlard.H enceAOKGLwas capabletoinhibitoxidationofalrdwithFe 3+≤310 -6 .

Acrude water -soluble polysaccharide(CP 1 )was extracted fromfried Semen Cassiae by hot water.It wasdividedintotwofractionsC 1 AandC 1 CbyFehling’ ssolution.Inthesameway,CP 2 andCP 3 wereextractedfrom freshSemenCassiaeandleaves ofSem enCassiae,respectively.Eachfractionwas separatedbyDEAE -cellulose column.Theresults showedthatC 1 Awas aneutralandrelativelypure polysaccharide,whereas C 1 Cwas acomplex polysaccharide.Therewas nosignif icantdifferencebetweentheDEAE -c ellulosechromatographiceluatecu rves of both CP 1 and CP 2 ,whose main fraction was a neutral polysaccharide.The main fraction of D EAE -cellulose chromatography of CP 3 was an acidic polysaccharide,which was quite different fromthe others.

This paper reported the effect of spi rulina output by using nine kinds of plant growth regulator in high latitude area -39°north.The results showedthatphoto -accelerator MTN hadobviously growthimproving effect with a yield higher than 10% 

The property and application of isom altooligosaccharide in lowsugar ic e creamwas studied in this arti-cle.Theresults showedthatthevisc ositywas changingwithtemperature,concentration,saltconcentratio nandpH value.The higher the temperature,t he lower the viscosity.The viscosit y would go up with the increase of the c on-centration.Salt with relatively lo w concentration and pH value showed l ittle effect on the viscosity of isom al-tooligosaccharide.Theaddingofis omaltooligosaccharidewouldpreventtheincreaseofoverrun.Thetextu reoflow sugar ice creamwas inferior to norma l ice team.

Themammalmilkis oneofthesecretio ns whichcanbeusedas immunoregulator.Thenew -bornanimal cangetfromthe milkthe major antimi crobialprotectionagainstmicrobi alinfectionanda passive immunity.So we coulduse these immunoglobulins to preventandtreatvarious humaninfections.We have immunizedthe pregnan t cowwith anti -asthma vaccine and obt ained immune milk.We have also teste d these immunoglobulins`potency of the immune milk with ELISA.

This article studied absorbing and s eparating of the red pigment of Bougainvillea spectabilis Willd with AB -8resin .We compared the four resins.The results showed that four resins have the best performance of ab-sorbingtotheredpigmentof Bougainvillea spectabilisWilld.Inthecourseofdesorbingtheabsorbedredpigmentof Bougainvillea spectabilisWilld with40%ethanol,we selectedAB -8re sinduring the experiment.After using of20times,the absorption factor was very stabilization.

Flavonoids from Sinaraundinaria nitida leaves werepreparedaccordingtoaL 9 (3 4 )orthogonaltestplan.The relationship between extractin g conditions and yield of flavonoids extracted from Sinaraundinaria nitida leaves was investigated.The result s showedthatthe processing conditions affectedthe yield,andthatthe e ffectof each condition decreased in the foll owing order:in proportion of extracting solvents and extracting time,with temperatureofextraction,andwith timeofpre -extractingimmersion.Boththesolvents proportionandextr acting time hada significanteffectonthe y ield(p<0.05),butthe other conditions didnotaffectthe yieldto a significant degree(p>0.05).

It described the choice of fermentation media and conditions of monascus pigment production by sub-merged fermentation of millet.The o ptimized media were chosen as millet11.0%,malt 2.0%,monosodium glutamate 0.4%and some inorganic sa lts.The fermentation parameters we re obtained:pH5.0in the beginning,filling 45ml mediumin 250ml flask or75ml in 500ml flask,seeding 7%～8%,fermentation temperature and the time 80hours.The color value reached above 127Uin the liquid.

The study on production properties of three Bacillus natto strains isola ted fromJapanese natto was con-ducted.The results showed that the s train No.2was the best one .When the s train No.2was used for the tested one,soybean was the best bean material.In order to reduce the terrible am ino smell in natto,different kinds of carbon source were added to the materials.And rice was the optimal carbon source,while the optimal concen-tration was10%.When natto was resto red under cold condition,the content of amino acidwas improved with the restored time.

There was so much salt in the hydrolysates of egg white that would affect hu man’ s health as well as the 91taste.Salt could be removed with ion exchange resins.Under the conditio n of the flow rate of 10vol /h,the hy-drolysates reclamationrateexceed ed 87%andtherateofdesalinization was noless than90%afterpassingthr ough the exchange resins.The study also s howed that the hydrolysates’ flavour was bad when temperature was above50℃,and became better withβ-cyclodextrin treatment.

The effects of temperature,time and pHon the polysaccharides recovery were investigated.With Re-sponse Surface Analysis(RSA),the optimumextracting conditions were obtained as follows:T =80.5℃,t =1.3h,pH =4.93.The effects ofalcoholconcentrationandsolutionpHonthe precipitatinproperty ofthe rice bran polysaccharides were also investig ated.

Theoptimumextractingconditionsofflavonoidsfrommyricarubaleaves werestudied.inthisarticle.The results showedthat45∶1of40%ethan olwas usedtodousethedriedmyricar uba leaves for24hours withultrason ic treatmentlastfor45mintwice.The a verage extractionrate was as highas99.30%.The contentofflavonoidint he extraction liquid was as high as 8.16%.

Anewmethodwas establishedtopurif yphosphatidylcholine(PC)accordingtotheproperties ofsoybean lecithin.Good results were obtained in the enlarge examinations.A PC pr oducts line,which capability is 50T PC -60per year,was established usin g this method.In this method,PC -60p roducts were obtained from phospholipid powder(the content of PC is about 17%)by the progress below:solvent conta ined 5%water was added into the phospholipid powder w ith the ratio of powder to solvent 1∶8,stirred about 30minutes,filtrate d,evaporated and PC -60products were g otten.The yield of PC -60was 32%and t he content of PCwas 67.9%.

The methods of extracting DNAfromgenetically modified organisms (GMOs )were studied and ob-timized.According to the characteristics of CaMV 35S promoter&T -NOS te rminator introduced into GMOs ,PCR -enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(PCR -ELISA)methods were suitable for screening of transgenic elements andtherefore established.Withthis methodwe analyzedsoybeans andcorns.The results showedthatthemethods of PCR -ELISAwere simple,rapid and reliable for qualitative a nd quantificational analysis of GMOs.

Effect of degrease in the extraction of Isoflavone were studied Genistein was found to be the better com-ponent to stand for Isoflavone and to degrease by hexane would give a bette r result.

A method for determination phenolic acid(chlorogenic acid and caffeic acid)in sunflower seeds by HPLC was described.Chromatographi c separation was performed ALLTIMA C 18 column (250mm ×4.6mm ID,5μm)byusingan acetonitrile -2%glacicalaceticacid(15∶85,v /v)mixtureas the mobilephase andusing SPD -6AVultraviolet detection at 327nmwith a flowrate of l.0ml /min.The chlorogenic acid and caffeic acid were eluted in 18min with satisfacto ry separation and the content of phen olic acid in different genotypes of sun-flower was also determinded.

Anew method for the determination of glucose in the milk by enzyme analysis was described and the conditions of assay were discussed.The advantages of this method were finely accurate and sensitive in determi-nation and simple in operation.The d etection range for glucose was 0～150mg /L.By using this method to de-termine three milk samples,the resu lts were satisfactory.

Object:To provide scientific basis for further developing and using ric h Cili resources in Guizhou.Methods:The content of total flavon oids was measured,using rutin as con trol and aluminumtrichloride as colori-metricreagentandcolorimetricass ayat420nm.Result:Theoptimumextr actionconditions were:toextract4hwith65%C 2 H 5 OH?with extract volume 100ml everytime .The content of total flavonoid of1?2and 3were 0.773%?0.874%and0.893%respectively.Con dition:Theoptimumextractionmeth odwas efficient.Thedeteminationo f the flavonoid content was simple,steady,accurate and reproducible.

To explore the effect of dietary black rice pericarp fraction(BRF)on cholesterol metabolism,and to elucidate the mechanismof BRF anti -atherogenesis in apoE -deficient mi ce.After16weeks feed by 5%BRF,cholesterol levels in serum,liver and aorta of different groups were determined by enzymatic method.The stu dy suggestedthatmiceinBRFfed grouphadlowertotalcholesterollevels in serum,liverandaorta incomparison with control WRF white rice pericarp fraction.At the same time,BRF group had h igher HDL -C level compared to controlgroup.Dietary BRFcouldinp rove cholesterolmetabolisminapoE-deficientmice andthis effectmigh tbe one of the possible mechanisms by whi ch BRFcould inhibit atherogenesis.

The paperstudiedonthe isolationan dpurificationofsweetphotatoglycoprotein(SPG)fromthe cultivar-Beijing 2and its antilipemic function.The results indicated:SerumTC(triglyceride)contents of hyperlipi-demia rats significantly decreased when SPGwas used.The effects were sh owed in increment of HDL -Cand re-ductionofLDL -C.Meanwhile,SPGevidently inhibitedthe cholesterolcontentofliver as comparedwithcontr ol(p<0.05).

It was to elucidate parts of possible mechanismof catechin in the rapeutic nephritic syndrome and to preventchronic renalprogressive i njury by investgating catechin effe ct onnitric oxide(NO)contentinplasma and renal cortex in this experiment.30f emale SDrats were randomly divided i nto six groups as control,nephritic,dexamethasone -treated,catechin -prevented,catechin -treated and dexamethasone associated catechin -tredted.Intheendofexperiment,th eexcretionof 24hurinaryprotein,a ndthenitricoxied(NO)concentrationsin plasmaandrenalcortexbymeans ofbi ochemistryassay were tested.Asemi quantitativescore was usedto evalu ate the injury degree on glomerular and t ubulointerstitium.The results ind icated that the therapeutic way of dexam-ethasone +catechin -treated was the best.And the catechin intake could s low down the chronic progressive kidney lesions through increasing r enal cortex and plasma NOconcentrations and decreasing the excretion of24h urinary protein.

This paper comparedthe ability ofpr oducing cellulase of several fungi.Whenstrawpowder was used as primary carbon source,Trichoderma koningii zj4could produce relatively highcellulase.The mediummade of strawpowder as carbonsource and(NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 as nitrogensource withstraw powder/bran =2∶1was optimal for producing cellulase.The maximumce llulase activity reached at28℃and p H5.0when cultured144hours.The maximumcellalase activity of CMCan d filter paper was 453.2U /ml and 45U /ml respectively.

The hydroxyl free radical (•OH)scavenging capabilities of extracts produced in Fenton reaction from varius parts of three Chinese Rheums pecies were studied by colorimetry m ethod.The results showedthatextra cts produced from all of the three specie s had strong scavenging effect on hyd roxyl radical while the scavenging r at varied with the difference in specie s parts and extracting methods.Amon g themthe highest scavenging rats we re:the water extract in roots and stems o f R.tanguticum(79.0%),the ethanol extract in leaves of R.undulatum(84.5%),the ethanol extract in leaves and petioles of R.spiciforme (70.1%and 70.7%respoctively):The hydroxyl radical -scavening effect of roots fromauthentic Rheumspecie s was higher than that of non -authent ic Rheumspecies,but the effect of the a erial parts was lower than that of the non -authentic Rheumspecies.

The"NO.4Xindan"cucumbers were treated with 33?37?42℃for 24h respectively;then was stored in2℃.The respiration rate,chilling i njury index,membrane electric conductivity,fresh hardness,weight lo ss and malondialehyde(MDA)content,chlorophyll content,titr atable acid(TA)and total soluble solids(TSS)were as-sayed in storage.The results showed that heat treatment could inhibit th e occurrence and development of CI,maintain stability of membrane,retard the increasing of membrane electric conductivity and MDAcontent,an d maintain good quality of cucumber.T he coefficient of correlation of quality and physiological indexes were ana-lyzed for low temperature storage of cucumber.The treatment of 37℃was th e best method of hot treatments for inhibiting cold injury.

As stetilization factor with alcohol disinfects,far -infrared -ray dehydration,ultraviolet -ray steril-ization,vacuumpackaging,dealing with the fresh fish that slau ghtered,then keeping themfresh under the con di-tion of 4℃.Evaluate through the sense organ,pHvalue,content of nitrogen of base of salt of volatility,totalamount of bacteria while storing,the result indicates that four facto rs in coordination with their own fun ction for lengthening the freshness periodofblackcarphaveobvious effect.Alcoholdisinfects,thendehydrate10minwith far -infrared -ray under the termof 40℃,sterilize 20min with ultraviolet -r ay after dehydration,and carry on vacuumpackaging and refrigerate,thus the freshness of the black carp e xtends to 14days.

OnthebasisofanalyzingthecompositionofGram -positivebacteriumand Gram -negativebacteriumin fermentedsoysauce,researchintot heinhibitoryeffectiveness ofNisinonputridbacteriumwhichgrowands urvive insoy sauce has beenundertaken.The experimentonputridbacteriumcultivatedwithdifferentcontentofNis inin nutrient -broth and soy sauce has shown the number of Bacillus decreases r apidly in nutrient broth at 36℃(pH4.60)with Nisin containing up to 100μg /ml;The amount of Bacillus survivors(CFUper ml )decreases to a very lowlevelinsoy sauce withNisin more than50～100μg /ml.The experimenthas also indicatedthatNisincanreplace chemical preservatives in s auce preservation and keeping fresh to relieve the intensity in pasteurization.

TheeffectsofMJand1-MCP treatment sonnutrientcontents changes invegetablesoybeanseedduring storage were investigated.Vegetab le soybean seeds contained 32.82%(dry base)protein,24.55%(dry base)crude fat and 16.92mg /100g FWFresh weights VC.1-MCP and MJ treatments ma intained higher levels of protein,amino acid and VCcontents as well as higher value of amino acid score throu ghout the whole storage pe-riod,but had little effect on crude fat con tent.

The storage effects ofdifferentdosage Uitraviotet -Cirradiationonstrawberry were studied.The results showedthatthediseaseincidencewa s reducedripeningwas delayedby1.0kJ /m 2 UV -CandVCcontentcouldbe retained by 0.5kJ /m 2 UV -C.It suggested that1.5kJ /m 2 UV -Ctreatment would damage the frui ts.

In order to improve the uniformity of dried material and to probe into newt ype of drier,the uni-formity ofairflow and temperature d iscribution materiallayers of crossflow drier equipped with electricheating tube.By means of the experiments,the reqularity of airflow and temperature distrbution in material layer was obtained.The influences of the key work parameters to airflow and temperature distribution uniformity were analyzed.

Polysaccharide,a very important health factor in foods,consists exten sively in edible fruit and veg-etable.In this paper,the research s ituation,isolation and purificati on,structural analysis,health eff ects,and applied prospect of fruit and vegeta ble polysaccharide were briefly dis cussed.

 phytaseis a specialacidphosphatasedegradingphytic acidto release in organic phosphorus.Thenewest studies and prospects about phytase gene -engineering and development are summarized in the paper.

Lactoferrin mainly exists in numerous exocrine secretions of mammals,and its content in milk is the highest.Lactoferrin not only has br oad spectrumof antimicrobial properties,but also has the ability to imp rove antiviral activity,anticancer activity,and immunoregulatory activity of the body to prevent and cure infe ctious disease.As a newtype of antimicrobi al protein,Lactoferrion is hopeful to be a functional ingredient of newf unc-tional and curative foods.In this paper it maily summed up essential prop erties,functions and recent researches progresses,and prospects of the dev elopment of Lactoferrin existed in b ovine colostrums.

This paper summarized the bioactive substances such as monascus pigment ,antibacterial substances,enzymes,HMG -CoAreductase,antihypertensive substances?ergosterol and citrinin.

Membrane separation technology an d its applications in purifying and s eparating bioproducts were re-viewed.The pressure -driven membra ne processes discussed were microfiltration(MF ),ultrafiltration(UF),nanofiltration(NF),reverse osmosis(RO),which differ fromthe pore sizes.Their separation performances were characterizedbypermeatefluxandr ejection.Membraneseparationprocesses wereoftenoperatedinconcent ration and diafiltration modes and have bee n applied in the fractionation and pu rification of different proteins,s uch as whey protein,serumalbumin,egg whi te protein,Jojoba protein,recombi nant interleukin -2and some binary protein mixtures.