In order to detoxity the AFB1 in peanut oil, the fungal multienzyme was separately immobilized on three media:bagasse,active carbon and chitosan,with abosorption method.Active carbon was proved to be the most effective way to immobilize the multienzyme,maitain its activity,the chitosan and bagasse were less effective.

The complex reaction between protein and polyphenols was studied on the basis of content variations of dissociated protein.The assay was made on the absorbency at the wavelengh of 595nm.The test was designed to study the affecting factors of temperature,pH value,ethanol and protein-polyphenol ratio.The results showed that when the conditions were:40℃,pH 3.5,ethanol concentration 6%and casein-TA concentration ratios 5∶1,the amount of the protein-polyphenol complex compounds reached the optimum production.

Lactose metabolism in Streptococcus lactis 6030 was associated with a large plasmid bank. The genes encoding β-galactase from the plasmid of S. lactis 6030 was cloned into the vector pUCl9 in Esherichia coli. The restriction endonuclease map of the 5.0kb PstI insert fragment was analyzed. The recombinant plasmid was expressed in E.coli by IPTG induction,and theβ-galactase production level and activity were determined by the ONPG method.

One strain, being fit for the hydrolysis of defatted soybean, was screened out from eight Bacillus subtilis strains. Through the orthogonal test, the optimum conditions of hydrolysis were ascertained: 6%defatted soybean, natural pH tempreture 30℃,and the time of fermentation 48h. After analyzing the free amino acids of B.subtilis broth hydrolyzed by one kind of carboxypeptidase from an Aspergillus strain, some specific sites of the proteases were found.

The paste properties of lithocarpus starch have been studied by using modern analysis methods such as polarizing microscopy,spectrophotometer and circumvolution viscosity analyzer etc.The results indicated that lithocarpus starch has high gelatinization temperature,rather high enzymatic hydrolysis rate,lower clarity,better agglutinate stability,but bad freeze-thaw stability.In the pH value range of 6.0～8.0,lithocarpus starch showed higher viscosity.Temperature and rotating speed to the pastes could produce some effects on the paste viscosity properties,and starch consistence had obvious effects on the paste viscosity properties.

The solubility,UV spectrum,heat and light stability and antioxidation activity of oligomeric proanthocyanidins (OPC) extracted from grape seeds were studied.The results showed that OPC had good water solubility,light and thermal stability(T≤60℃)and tis λmax was 278nm.The antioxidation activity of OPC.Comparing the same amount addition of OPC,VC or VE into lard,OPC was superior to VC or VE in antioxidation.When a mixture of OPC,VC and VE was used,a remerkable synergistic antioxidation was obserced.

In this work pectin hydrolysate was successfully prepared by using raw pectinase.The reaction conditions were designed and the methods for monitoring assay in the reaction process were discussed.The antibacterial activity of the enzymatic hydrolysate was investigated and a comparison with its acidic counterpart was made.The results showed that the viscosity and galacturonic acid contents of the reaction mixture could be correlated each other and both of these parameters could be applied for monitoring the process of pectin hydrolysis and the end of the reaction determination.The pectin hydrolysate,obtained by pectinase had inhibitory activity on Escherichia coli,Bacillus Sullilis,and Slaphylococcus eureus.Its MIC was 0.62%,however,pectin polymer and hydrolysate,obtained with acid,had no any similar activity at all.

Flat sheet membrane ultrafiltration cup with membrane molecular weight of 70,000 was used to concentrate PS-9415 fermentation broth.Increasing the operation pressure could improve the permeation flux,So did better agitation and lower initial concentration.The concentration of exopolysaccharides broth (0.5%) could be increased 2 fold under the condition of 0.15MPa and room temperature.

The paper introduced changes of pH-value, Thorner, color, viscosity and specific weight, which were important physical qualities during different stages of process and storage of yogurt. From fresh milk to storing 192h, 11 designed points were detected in the research. The conclusion showed that the stage from inoculation to after-ripening 12h was the critical period of lactic acid raising.The viscosity and specific weight also showed evident changes toward increase during the stage. In the conditions of lower temperature 4～6℃and addition of 8%sugar, postacidification of yogurt was inhibited. The changes of color by HunterLab color analyses system

The high performance liquid chromatogrphy was used to separate isomers of lycopene. Five samples were measured ,including tamoto,tomato paste,tomato oleoresin and two lycopene products. All trans-lycopenes were the predominant geometrical isomer but varied from ratio 96.38%to 37.65%. it was showed that during prepartion of tomato and lycopene products, lycopene underwent(E/Z)-isomerisation ,increasing the portion of (Z)-isomers.

In addition to 4 kinds of polysaccharides AGP (Arabinogalactan-protein: Cp-1-C, Cp-1-D, Cp-2-B and Hp-2-C) already reported, another water-soluble araban (Hp-0-A, Mw=23,000) was isolated from the fruit of Lycium chinense Mill. The result of glycosyl residues analysis indicated that it had a backbone of (1→5)-L-araban, and some of the L-arabinofuranosyl residues were involved in the branches through O-3. There was good conformity between the results obtained by chemical and NMR spectroscopic methods.

The proteolysis activities of whole cells(Cell), cell extracts (CE) and a combination of both (Cell+CE) of L.plantarum 6003 on muscle sarcoplasmic protein extracts were determined by protein, peptide and free-amino-acid analyses. The results showed that both the cell and Cell+CE could cause the changes of protein, peptides and the increase of free amino acids in the extracts of sarcoplasmic, and that this phenomenon was intensified when the combination of whole cell and CE was involved, whereas the addition of CE had no proteolysis.

The method for isolation of lactoferrin from colostrum by ultrafiltration was studied. A plate module with cross-flow was chosen. The effects of tangential flow rate, the concentration of colostrum whey and pressure drop on the flux through the ultrafiltration membrane were investigated and a mathematic resistance model of flux has been established.

The fresh-cut processing techniques and parameters for fresh chinese yam were studied.The selected parameters for processing yam slices were thickness 5～6mm and 70℃/5min blanching in hot-water.The optimum combinations of browing inhibitors were 0.15%Zn(Ac)2+0.1%NzHSO3+1.5%NaCl+1.0%CaCl2,and the recommended time for the slices immersion in the solution was 30 min.The shelf life of fresh-cut yam slices stored at 4℃would more than 6 days.

Apple pomace was used as raw material to extract soluble dietary fiber (SDF) and insoluble dietary fiber (IDF) with single factor experiments and orthogonal tests.SDF-A and SDF-B were prepared in this experiment.Results showed that the optimum conditions of SDF-A were as follows:with raw material 0.35mm diameter,3%hydrochloric acid,80℃,2.0h and liquid-to-solid ratio 15∶1(ml/g) .And the optimum conditions of SDF-B were as follows:with 8%sodium hydroxide,90℃,3.0h and liquid-to-solid ratio 8∶1(ml/g).

Ginger protease(GP-Ⅱ)could cleave peptides and proteins through proline at the P2 position.The unusual specificity of proline has made GP-Ⅱan attractive tool for protein sequencing and identification for stably folded domain in proteins.Ginger protease was found to have clotting activity.The traditional Chinese food,“Jiangzhuang juice",a ginger juice was used as clotting agent.The component,responsible for milk clotting by the juice,was verified as ginger protease.The milk clotting activity has made ginger protease an attractive subsitute for the calf rennet in cheesemaking.In this study,an effective separating and purifying plan has been worked out on the basis of former researchers’ performance,so the critical data of each step were determinated.Ginger rhizome was made into acetone powder,then the protease was extracted with a certain buffer.With the ammonium sulfate precipitate and chromatography on DEAE-cellulose the protease was purified.The sample obtained showed a single protein band on SDS-PAGE.During the experiment ginger protease was characterized as a typical acid protein.

This text has studied a new functional food product.Commercially rolled oat and fat-free milk were used as raw materials.The enmymatic milk of oat starch was first carried out by α-amylase and saccharification enzyme hydrolysis,then it was mixed with fat-free milk.After sterilization and cooling ,Lactobacillus rhamnosus and B.bifidum were cultivated the mash for fermentation.This product contained not only probiotics of live bacteria but healthy components.The living bacteria amounted to 1011 cuf/ml,the acidity was 90°T,the concentration of β-polyglucose was 180mg/L.

The technique to produce fructooligosaccharide syrup by immobilized enzyme was investigated. The results proved that the immobilized enzyme could be used repeatedly 60 times. The factors in the production process such as pH value, disinfection time, disinfection temperature and different sugar material, etc., were studied. The amount of fructooligosaccharides (GF2、GF3、GF4) remained during quality storage was assayed.

Soybean could take the place of milk to ferment in this experiment. The different ratio of soybean to milk could affect the fermentation of soymilk. The addition of glucose, saccharose, lactose and fat could also affect the fermentation of soybean. On this base, the optimum conditions of soy yoghurt fermentation were made in this paper.

Supercritical CO2 fluid was used to extract the flavone in Artemisia Selengensis Turcz. in this paper. The working parameters, including extracting pressure, extracting temperature and alcohol content were studied by means of Orthogonal design. Experiment results showed that using 1.5%alcohol as the reagent, at 35℃extracting temperature and 30MPa extracting pressure was the best conditions to extract the flavone in Artemisia Selengensis Turcz.

Triterpene glucoside was extracted by water as solvent from Siraitia grosvenorii with microwave treatment. The key factors, including the microwave power, microwave irradiation time, the volume of water and the period of extraction, were studied for the extraction yield.. The optimal conditions were identified:microwave power 638W,irradiaton by microwave for 25min,the ratio of liquid to solid 30∶1, the extraction period 2h and the stages of extraction 2. The optimal extraction yield of triterpene glucoside from Siraitia grosvenorii was 90.35%.

The antioxidant component extracted from Rosemarinus officinalis L. by organic solvents was used to study its anti-oxidizing action on oil and bacteriostatic action on Staphyloccus aureus, Escherichia coli,Bacillus subtillis and mould. The results showed that the antioxidant component strongly delayed the auto-oxidation of soybean oil and grease and restrained the growth of the pathogenic bacteria.

Changshan-huyou jam was processed by using changshan-huyou fresh fruit as the raw material and adopting different treatments. The results showed that after stirring properly the treated changshan-huyou fresh fruit into fruit pulp,ideal products could be obtained by adopting the ratio of fruit pulp∶granulated sugar∶citric acid∶agar∶β-cyclic-dextrin=1∶0.5-0.6∶0.001∶0.003∶0.003 and controlling the concentrate end temperature at 102～103℃.In contrast with traditional jam products,the product was of fine color、scent、taste、density、nutrition and lower sugar content and should be popularized as a kind of good healthful product.

Part oil is extracted from untesta walnut kernel,and the quantity oil in walnut kernel is 45%～50%。Use this kind of walnut kernel as raw material,walnut protein drink is produced by crushing,filtering,mixing,sterilizing and so on.The cost to produce walnut product is decreased by this technique.

This paper proposed a method for assaying three ginsenosides in wine by RP-HPLC.Rg1、Re and Rbl could be separated on symmetry C18 column.with gradient elution of CH3CN-0.2%H3PO4 at a flow-rate of 1.0ml/min and then assayed at UV 203nm ,with the colum temperature 35℃.This method was simple,rapid and accurate and had a very good separation, The recoveries were above 95%.

Total glycosides were extracted from soybean hypocotyl.The Group B saponin Ba and Bb,Group E saponin Bd and Be and DDMP saponin αg and βg were isolated and purified by C18 column chromatography and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).The purity of isolate was detected with thin layer chromatogragh(TLC) and HPLC,the structure was confirmed with infrared(IR) spectra,mass spectra(MS)and nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR)spectra.

The method and conditions for quantitative determination of Gingerol extracted by anodic stripping voltammetry were studied systematically.A sensitive Oxidation peak(+0.17V) of Gingerol extracted was observed on the surface of glassy carbon electrode.The peak currents were linear with the concentrations in the range from 5×10-4 to 1×10-5 mol/L.This method has been successfully applied to the quantitative determination of Gingerol extracted in Ginger oleoresins.

Abstarct:Menthol and Eucalyptus oil in confection products were determined simultaneously by gas liquid chromatography,with columns packed with 10%carbowax (polyethyleneglycols) on 80/100 mesh diatomite with decanol as internal standard. It showed good veracity and precision.

To determine trace chromium in food preservative calcium propionate made of eggshell to prove it’s reliability,we adopted chemiluminescence method and graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometric (GFAAS)method to compare the obtained results. It was showed that results of the two methods were rapid simple,little interference and fine reproducibility. By chemiluminescence method the detection limit was1.5×10-12g/ml and the linear range 1×10-10～1×10-6g/ml. By GFAAS the same results were 1×10-12g/ml and 0～1×10-6g/ml respectively.

The commer-cially available erythromycin was fed to bees by beekeepers.To extract the erythromycin in the honey, the solid phase extraction gave the best results. The most useful method for examination of erythromycin was Thin-Layer Chroma-tography. The limit of test was 5mg/kg. The method could be used to control the quality of honey.

Osteoporosis mode was established through ovary resection of female rats,to investigate the preventive effect of soybean isoflavones(SIF)on osteroporosis of ovariectomized rats.The results showed that:SIF could significantly increase bone mineral density(BMD),improve the uterus index and the levels of estradiol(E2)in serum and at the same time reduce the AKP activity.SIF could efficiently prevent osteoporosis by reducing bone turnover rate and increasing BMP.

The scavenging effects of the chinese herb Forsythia suspensa extract(content of forsythiaside as 60%)on HO•,H2O2 and O-2•were studied by using chemiluminescent and NBT methods.The results showed that its scavenging effect on activated oxygen was rather strong.Further research discovered that they could eliminate free radical in the system of lard,and prolong storage term.The research also discovered that the addition of phospheric acid or lartaric acid or citric acid in the herb extract would have synergic scavenging effect of forsythiaside on activated oxygen.The result was better than BHA appreciably.

The zinc contents in five kinds of cultivated crops in the same soil and their background (including soil and irrigated water) were measured by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. By square difference analysis and multilateral contrast, the zinc contents were not outstandingly different among one maize, one potato and two rice varieties. Their zinc contents were lower than those of the soil. But the zinc content of Brasenia schreberi was much higher than that of the soil and the other crops.The result displayed that the capability of Brasenia schreberi to accumulate zinc from surroundings was very strong. The results of further experiments showed that the accumulated zinc mainly distributed in the organs and the order of zinc concentration was that leaves>main roots>fibrous roots>stems.The order of Zn concertration in the macromolecules components of Brasenia schreberi was proteins>soluble polysaclharide in water>soluble polysaccharide.

A study of the antioxidant activities of four antioxidants was carried out by DPPH•method and TBARS method. The results showed the tested antioxidants all could screen the DPPH•and inhibit the lipid pro-oxidation of linoleic acid effectively. The orders of their antioxidant activities were TBHQ>TP>VE>BHT and BHT>VE>TBHQ>TP by DPPH•method and TBARS method respectively. It was worth notice that the different antioxidant activities were associated with the different assays.

The anti-bacterial peptide was prepared by hydrolyzing casein with trypsin.the relationship between different hydrolysis conditions and anti-bacterial effects of hydrolysates derived from different hydrolysis conditions was studied.The results showed: as the temperature was 45℃, the optimum conditions for hydrolysis were: the concentration of casein solution at 9%and the ratio of enzyme and casein at 1∶120 . Meanwhile,we also found that the anti-bacterial effect of hydrolyzate raised with rising degree of hydrolysis.

The effects of low-temperature and temperature change on physiology characteristics of`“Hei Hu Po”plums were studied.The effects of two temperature change patterns,that is,intermittent warming form 0～-0.5℃to 18～20℃every 15 days and decreasing temperature from 10 to -0.5～0℃in 10 days on chilling injury were presented with the -0.5～0℃constant low-temperature storage as control .The results showed that serious chilling injury took place in constant low-temperature storage and enhanced the increase of cell membrane permeability and MDA content,broke up PG and PE enzyme balance and disordered pectin metabolism. Intermittent warming was manifested to be a suitable pattern.

Fruit physio-biochemical changes during cold storage of 2 kiwifruit(Actinidia deliciosa) species were studied.The results showed that the fruit firmness decreased rapidly after picking and involved with 2 obvious softening periods during cold storage(0℃).The firmness decreased faster in the first period than in the second period.The total soluble solids increased gradually until the fruits reached full ripe.There were magnificent maximum respiration inhibition in kiwifruit when they were storaged in 0℃.Cold storage could markedly resist the ethylene production and the respiration rate was very low and stable.

The MP(Minimally Processed)mango was treated by three different concentrations of the stable chlorine dioxide germicide and then stored in three different temperatures when they were selected、peeled and cut.The results showed that chlorine dioxide sterilization action was enhanced when its concentration increased. During the storage, chlorine dioxide’s sterilization action of 75×10-6 declined sharply. For maintaining the chlorine dioxide sterilization action MP mango should be stored in a lower temperature. In addition, the stable chlorine dioxide could delay browning.

Red Okra(Abelmoschus esculentus Moench)was kept at different temperaturs(30±2℃,15±1℃,9±1℃and 4±1℃)after harvest.The changes of appearance,weight,respiration and content of VC were detected during storage.The results showed that Red Okra kept at 15±1℃after harvest survived storage best.

This paper studied the effects of exogenous ABA and ethephon treatment on the changes of endogenous ABA,IAA and GA levels and the fruit quality changes during -1℃storage.After exogenous ABA 50mg/L and ethephon were applied to green“winter Jujube”.The results showed that endogenous ABA level and TSS content in-creased gradually and after 45 days storage ABA content reached the highest level as 697.1ng/g with the peak 10 days earlier than untreated control (401.2ng/g)at the red maturity stage.The exogenous ethephon(1000×10-6)treatment at the early storage enhanced the increase of endogenous ABA level and mean while decreased the endogenous IAA and GA level.Following the ripening of the Jujube the endogenous ABA and TSS levels gradually increased again while the firmness,chlorophyll and VC content decreased with the development of maturity in “winter Jujube”.It was found that ABA level was negatively correlated with the firmness of “winter Jujube”(r=0.8516).The possible interaction between the ripening of “winter Jujube”and ABA was further dis cussed in the paper.

In this paper,it was reviewed with 36 references that the application of chemometrics,such as multivariate calibration,pattern recognition and artificial neural network,food industry process analysis,food classification,adulteration,food sense analysis and the determination of food components and additives.In addition,the prospect and trends of chemometrics in food analysis were also discussed.

Based on sum m arizingthe leafprotein＇sfunction and itsutilization status，am eansofexploitingthe leafprotein polypeptide productsto im provethe protein＇sutilization tate wasputforward．

Thistexton thequestion thatthefood tradeofthefunction exists，new trend thatappear，should directionand relevantpolicy，technicalsupportthatneed ofdevelopm entcarryon thediscussion in thefuture．Theresearchand developm entto the function food hascertain reference value．

Polyam ine is a kind ofaliphatic alkali，w hich contains nitrogen．Ithas bioactivity and is producedin the course of M etabolism ．It is becom ing one of the popular research fields of studying relationship be－tween polyam ine and botanic m etabolism ，preservation of fruits．In this paper，relationships betweenpolyam ine and botanic grow th，fastness，m ensuration，preservation of fruits are studied．The paper aim s toprovide theory foundations for using polyam ine in the dom ain of post－harvest physiology．