Examinations were made on different fat－bloom extent of CTCBE chocolate.During different periods of stimulating fat－bloom in an artifical－climate chamber by using XRD,the results showed that there was closed relationship between polymorphic transition rate and fat－bloom.The faster the rate,the more serious the fat－bloom.In the early stimulating Period within (in 5 days),no fat－bloom was seen in any of the chocolate,and there showed the same crystal.However,in the later stimulating period (the 45th day),fat－bloom Could be found in all of the chocolates,but the extent of fat－bloom varied from CC,TC and LC.CC was the most serious one,TC next to CC,and LC next to TC,the XRD spectra showed the same result.In the middle of stimulating (the 20th day),the CC instead of LC and TC was the only one which showed fat－bloom,The erystal in CC was sharply different from that in TC andLC whereas LC and TC showed the same crystal in their XRD spectra.

 In this paper,treatment on green tea with crosslinking poly Vinylpyrrolidone (PVPP)and treating conditions was studied .It proved that the tea adsorption ratio of tea polyphenol was up to over 50％when green tea was treated with PVPPunder 30～50℃,concentration 4～5g/L and crosslinking degree 0.4％～0.6％.Stability of tea beverage was improved greatly.Moreover ,PVPP could be used sgnergistically with VC.

 Experiments were carried where the interaction of starch and cell size was kept to a minimum by taking identical materials for each experiment.The loss of compressive strength of potato tissue on cooking was found to be related to the release of pectic substances into the cooking liquor.The release of starch into the cooking liquor was not related to loss of compressive strength when the results of a number of experimints were compared.Prolonged cooking time,or the presence of potassium chloride in the cooking solution increased the amount of pectic substances released which decreased the compressive strength.The presence of calcium in the solution showed had the reverse effect.

FTC method was used to determine inhibition effect of red radish pigment to peroxidation of linoleic acid(40℃)Gas chromatography was adopted to measure inhibition action of red radish pigment in the oxygen absorption during the peroxidation of canola oil(93℃).Natural red radish pigment had almost the same antioxidative activity as BHT at the same concentration.The inhibition ratio,coold be achiewed more than 93％by the 0.01％pigment addition.Red radish pigment was a natural,edible and strong antioxidative pigment with broad application prospects.

 This paper studied mainly about the research of enzymatic hydrolysis of animal protein.The main task was to find out the optimal degree of hydrolysis(DH) of hydrolyzed animal protein(HAP) according to the flavor of Maillard reaction products(MRPs)which was used as a standard of estimation with DH as characteristic parameter for HAP，The substrate of Maillard reaction .

The four natural edible flavonoid pigmets were studide by DPPH. The results indicated that they all have had the antioxidant activities and some of them were the same as BHT. The analyses from ultraviolet spectrum and contents of the flavonoid confirmed the close relationship between the antioxidant activities of the four pigments and the contents and structures of the flavonoid. The present study provided the scientific basis for further developing the application of natural edible flavonoid pigments.

 Cows were immunized before breeding with vaccine composed of 12 strains of human pathogenic E. Coli.,8 strains of Salmonella,3 strains of shigella,1 strain of Yersinia enterocolitia.Yoghurt was made of Immune Milk after 7days of cultivation .Two dimensions simple immunodiffusion test and direct agglutination test were carried out on the content and activity of IgG in yogurt whey. The results indicated, tha during fermentation and storage, the lactobacillus and low pH value showed no effect on content and activity of specific IgG, while the specific lgG did not show any inhibition on lactobacillus’ growth and prevention of the fermentation.

 Extraction of garlic essential oil by improving alliinase activity was studied.The optimum reaction temperature,time,pH and activative concentration to alliinase were 30℃,60min,6.6and 10m mlo/L respectively.

 By means of the pregelatinization technique and adding proper food gums, ingredients studied the processing technique of corn noodle. The optimal compositions were corn meal 100％, sodium alginate 0.4％, CMC 0.2％, xanthan gum 0.05％, high－tensile wheat flour 8％and water 45％. Com meal could be pregelatinizaed 70％.

The hydrolyzate of macherel protein was treated with absorbent carbon,β－cyclodextrin，ether and yeast.The results showed that the fish odour of hydrolyzate was got rid of with 2％yeast by fermenting for one hour in 35℃.

This article studied the yellow Pigment absorbing and separating of Carthamus tinctorins L with AB－8 resin.We compared five resins.The results showed that AB－8 resin had the best performance of absorbing on Carthamus thinctorins L yellow pigment.In the course of desorbing the absorbed Carthamus tinctorins L yellow pigment with 80％ethanol,AB－8 resin showed a fairly good character of stabilization.After using of 17 times,the absorption factor was only decreased by nearly 2.32％.

Determination of soybean isoflavone content by three－wavelengths UV spectrophotometry was studied to eliminate the absorbance error of interfering components(such as oil).the problen of peak floating which varied changed with concentration change and the asymmetric absorption peak problems could be solved also.The method was more advantageous than traditional spectrophotometer method.The detection limit was 1μg/ml.The average recovery rate was 99.1％with RSD less than 3％.

Casein phosphopeptides(CPPs)are the exclusive biological active peptides that can increase the absorption of calcium.Japan and Garmany governments has recommended CPPs for important functional food additives.The active center of CPPs is －SerP－SerP－SerP－Glu－Glu－,so CPPs are a series of short peptides which contain the cluster of phosphoseryl.It was reported that high performance capillary zone electrophoresis(HPCE)and HPLC were used for the qualitative analysis of CPPs.However,these methods need a great deal of money and not easy to manipulate.These methods could not be widely applied to analyze CPPs.In this experiment,there were three methods:quantifying phosphorus of CPPs directly;SDS－polyacrylamid gel electrophoresis(SDS－PAGE)and isoelectric focusing(IEF).The results showed that the three methods were applicable for different situations.The first method could be suitable to measuring CPPs for product control.The other two could be used for research work and phosphopeptide constitute analysis.The IEF method is more exact than SDS－PAGE.Through PAGE and IEF,the concentration and types of CPPs could be determined.

We established a rapid,sensitive and specific polymerase chain reaction(PCR)method for detection of Listeria monocytogenes(LM)in food.The selected primer could be amplified by PCR showing excellent features of LM. detection limit for LM in artificially contaminated food was 4－8 colony forming units(CFU)per 10g of food;enrichment limit was 7.2－11×103/ml;PCR reaction system imit was 86－132 CFU.400 naturally contaminated food samples were detected by both methods,and showed completely identical results.

 The peptides and amino acids in Ganoderma Lucidum extraction were separated by means of Cu－Sephadex G－25 Column Chromatography.The purity and amino acids constitution of peptides were determined by using Amino Acids Analyzer.There were 13 peptides’ peaks in capillary electrophoresis figure.

 A method for determination of sodium pyrophosphate as an additive in dehydrated potato granules was described.pyrophosphate in potato granules was extracted with sodium sulfate and sulfuric acid solution,followed by hydrolysis with sulfuric acid in boiling water bath to liberate inorganic phosphate,which was measured photometrically.The interfering factor for determination was eliminated or decreased with dehydrated potato granules without the additive as a modified sample.Recovery of sodium pyrophosphate for 5 samples was in the range of 99.0％to 101.0％.Variation coefficient was 0.64.The method was accurate,reliable and simple.

 By means of TLC,GC,GC－MS,the qualitative and quantitative analysis of the Coix seed oil was carried out.Results showed that the content of triglyceride reached 87％,and the main fatty acids were oleic acid and linoleic acid.

 In this paper we proposed a gas chromatographic method for the determination of trimethylamine in pork,fish and shrimp and disscussed the optimum conditions of quantitative analysis.The linear range between the peak area and the concentration of trimethylanine－N was 0－25μg/ml(γ=0.9999, n=6).The relative standard deviation was 3.1％－5.9％and the recovery was 95.0％－97.7％.This method was simple ,rapid and accurate.

 According to the browning phenomenon of chestnut,the research on characteristics of the activities of peroxidase and polyphenol oxidase were performed by various treatments such as boiled water,pH,buffer solution,organic acid and DTT on ripening fruits.

The effecfs of propolis beeglue to inhibit common germs causing egg contamination and used for egg preservation were studied.As the resultes showed,proplis could inhibit common bacteria such as Escherichia coli,Bacillus subtilis,Proteus incostants,Pseudomonas fluorescens and Salmonella and the mixed microbes on egg surface.It also showed that egg encapsulated with propolis could preserve longer than the common egg.

Soybean isoflavones (SI)were prepared from soybean meal with an extracting procedure in several solvents,and identified by comparison with SI reagents from Sigma company in TLC and HPLC.Thereafter an experiment was carried out in hyperlipidemic rats in order to observe the effects of SI on the regulation of blood coagulation.The results showed that the properties of the preparing spmple,a mixture of genistin and daidzin,were identical to these of standard samples in TLC or HPLC,while hydrolyzed by hydrochloric acid to get a mixture of genistdin and daidzein.It revealed that the abnormal blood coagulation in hyperlipidemic rats was ameliorated when SI was supplemnted into the high fat diet.

Objective:To evaluate the postprandial responses of plasma glucose by ingesting respectively Vigna cylindrica,Phaseolus radiatus,Phaseolus angularis and Steamed bun in non－insulin－dependent diabetes mellitus(NIDDM).Method:Forty－one patients with NIDDM were randomly divided in to four groups.Fach group took on empty stomach one kind of the four meals(namely Vigna cylindrica,Phaseolus radiatus,Phaseolus angularis and Steamed bun).The dynamics of glycemis after meals during 3 hours postprandially were invesigated.Results:The peak values of the four tested meals were at postprandial 120min.At postprandial 30min,there were no differences of plasma glucose from each group(P>0.05).However,the plasma glucose levels for Phaseolus angularis meal at postprandial 60min,120min,180min were significantly lower than those of Vigna cylindrica,Phaseolus radiatus and Steamed bun(P<0.05)meals.Conclusion:Phaseolus angularis might be more effective than Vigna cylindrica,Phaseolus radiatus and Steamed bun in stabilizing postprandial blood glucose levels in NIDDM subjects.Phaseolus angularis was helpful and might be served as part of the main food for NIDDM.

In this paper,the effect of Chinese onion to remove nitrite was studied in a series of experiments.The properties and stability of Chinese onion solution were observed.The removal rate of by Chinese onion was determined,and its affecfing factors (i.e.reaction time,value of pH,the concentration of Chinese onion solution etc)were studied.The results indicate that the removal rate of nitrite by chinese onion was high,but the properties of Chinese onion solution were instable,and the removal rate was easily affected by various factors.

 By the qualitative and quantitative method the contamination of aquatic products by Staphylococcus aureus (S.aureus) was studied.The results showed that the incidence of S.aureus in aquatic products was 6.5％and the population of S.arueus was 10cfu/g.20 strains S.aures isolated from the all samples were characterized by a series of physiological and biochemical fests.The results showed that the plasma coagulase test was greatly consistent with egg yolk clearing.However,the percentage of golden pigment production was rather low only 25％.

This paper studied the mechanism and the update research of ultra－high pressure sterilization of foods.Factors that would affect sterilization such as the magnitude and duration of pressure、pressurizing type、temperature、pH value、microorganism、food components、additive and water activity were discussed.The best sterilizing effect could be acquired by optimizing these factors.

 Trypsin inhibitor is one of the main antinutrition factors in soybean food and fodder. Inactivation of soybean trypsin inhibitor could obviously improve soybean and fodder’s food nutritional value and edible security. A review on the advance in the inactivation methods of soybean trypsin inhibitor in resent years was presented in this article.

Both the production,composition,determination and functional properties of maltodextrin and its application in food industy were critically reviewed.

 The essential trace element,selenium(Se),is of fundamental importance to human health.Se status of human body mainly depends on dietary.In this paper,the differences of Se sources of foodstuff in geography;content and chemical form were summarized.Advances in the Se biology studies on metabolism;biological availability;distribution in tissues and cells ;optimal intake levels,and assessing of Se status and Se－enriched functional foodstuff were reviewed too.

The applied technology of ion－exchange film in the food ingredients industry was discussed.

 The article generalize the usage of chitin ,chitosan and its derivatives in food industry。