关键词: D型氨基酸, 手性氨基酸, 消旋, 加工条件, 生理功能, 功能性食品

Abstract: Among 20 proteinogenic amino acids, 19 L-amino acids have their corresponding D-enantiomers except glycine. According to conventional theory L-amino acids are the main body involved in life activities, while the existence and physiological activity of D-amino acids in organisms have not been paid attention to. With the development of analytical technologies for chiral amino acids, a large number of D-amino acids and bioactive peptides containing D-amino acids have been found in various organisms, including mammals, plants, microorganisms and humans. D-amino acids possess unique physiological activities, mainly in neural signal transduction, hormone regulation, antibacterial, immune regulation and so on. Daily diet is an important source of D-amino acids for human, and the daily average amount of D-amino acids for human is about 100 mg. D-amino acids in food mainly origin from processing conditions such as fermentation, high temperature and certain pH, and a small amount comes from food raw materials. At present, emerging functional foods with D-amino acids as the main component have begun to appear in the market. D-amino acids hold great potential that deserves to be explored further. It is expected to become important materials for the development of new functional foods in the future.

Key words: D-amino acid, chiral amino acids, racemization, processing conditions, physiological function, functional food