草豆蔻及其混用品多酚代谢物与抗氧化活性分析

doi:10.7506/spkx1002-6630-20241106-044

食品科学 ›› 2025, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (11): 263-271.doi: 10.7506/spkx1002-6630-20241106-044

• 成分分析 • 上一篇

草豆蔻及其混用品多酚代谢物与抗氧化活性分析

丁书仙，羊青，王清隆，王祝年，袁浪兴，冯世秀，刘梦婷，尹海全，张阿玲，王茂媛

（1.中国热带农业科学院热带作物品种资源研究所，农业农村部热带农业野生植物基因资源鉴定评价中心，农业农村部中药材生物学与栽培重点实验室，海南省热带药用植物工程研究中心，海南海口 571101；2.中国热带农业科学院三亚研究院，海南三亚 572024；3.深圳市中国科学院仙湖植物园，深圳市南亚热带植物多样性重点实验室，广东深圳 518004；4.华中农业大学植物科学技术学院，湖北武汉 430070；5.云南农业大学热带作物学院，云南普洱 665099）

发布日期:2025-05-14
基金资助:
中国热带农业科学院国家热带农业科学中心科技创新团队项目（CATASCXTD202408）；中国热带农业科学院2024年基本科研业务费专项资金应急性科研项目（1630032024031）；中国热带农业科学院科技成果转移转化项目（PZS2024007）

Polyphenolic Metabolites and Antioxidant Activities of Alpinia katsumadai Hayata. and Its Adulterants

DING Shuxian, YANG Qing, WANG Qinglong, WANG Zhunian, YUAN Langxing, FENG Shixiu,LIU Mengting, YIN Haiquan, ZHANG Aling, WANG Maoyuan

(1. Identification and Evaluation Center for Tropical Agricultural Wild Plant Gene Resources, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Biology and Cultivation of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hainan Engineering Research Center for Tropical Medicinal Plants, Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, China; 2. Sanya Institute of Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Sanya 572024, China; 3. Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Southern Subtropical Plant Diversity, Fairy Lake Botanical Garden, Shenzhen and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518004, China; 4. College of Plant Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; 5. College of Tropical Crops, Yunnan Agricultural University, Pu’er 665099, China)

Published:2025-05-14

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 分析比较草豆蔻及其混用品——小草蔻、云南草蔻的种子与果皮间化学物质组成、差异性和生物活性，为三者鉴别、品质分析、生物活性研究和综合开发利用提供理论基础和科学依据。采用液相色谱-质谱联用靶向代谢组学技术鉴定3 种种质种子和果皮的代谢物，共鉴定到1 009 个多酚代谢物，包括485 个黄酮、374 个酚酸、125 个木脂素和香豆素、20 个鞣质类和5 个其他类物质。主成分分析、正交偏最小二乘判别分析和聚类分析发现，小草蔻和草豆蔻的种子与果皮相同部位的多酚类物质组成和含量较为相似，云南草蔻的种子与果皮的多酚成分较为接近。定量分析乔松素、山姜素、桤木酮和小豆蔻明的含量发现，种子中的含量均高于果皮，果皮中的含量显著偏低，小草蔻和草豆蔻种子指标成分的含量是云南草蔻含量的十倍至数十倍。清除自由基抗氧化活性与差异代谢物的Pearson相关性分析结果表明，小草蔻和草豆蔻种子对1,1-二苯基-2-三硝基苯肼自由基表现出较强的抗氧化活性，与其含有的乔松素、山姜素等成分有关；云南草蔻对2,2’-联氮-双(3-乙基苯并噻唑啉-6-磺酸)阳离子自由基表现出较强的抗氧化活性，与其含有的异鼠李素-3-O-芸香糖苷、肉桂酸等相关。研究结果表明：草豆蔻和小草蔻的种子含有丰富的活性物质，指标性成分含量符合药典规定，具有较强的抗氧化活性，以草豆蔻的种质为最优。云南草蔻含有更多的特异性多酚类物质，其组成和功能有待进一步深入研究。本研究结果揭示了草豆蔻及其混用品——小草蔻、云南草蔻3 种种质和不同部位的非挥发性代谢物的关系，可为优质中药材选择、相关资源产品开发利用提供指导。

关键词: 草豆蔻；混用品；代谢物；多酚；抗氧化

Abstract: The peels and seeds of Alpinia katsumadai and its adulterants A. henryi K. Schum. and A. blepharocalyx K. Schum. were comparatively analyzed for their chemical compositions. Targeted metabolomics based on liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) identified a total of 1 009 polyphenolic metabolites from these nine plant samples, including 485 flavonoids, 374 phenolic acids, 125 lignans and coumarins, 20 tannins and 5 others. Principal component analysis (PCA), orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA), and hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) revealed that the compositions and contents of polyphenols in each fruit part were similar between A. henryi K. Schum. and A. katsumadai, and the seeds and peels of A. blepharocalyx K. Schum. had similar polyphenolic composition. Quantitative analysis showed that the contents of alnustone, alpinetin, cardamonin, and pinocembrin were significantly higher in the seeds than in the peels. Notably, the contents of these four compounds in the seeds of A. henryi K. Schum. and A. katsumadai were ten to several tens of times higher than those of A. blepharocalyx K. Schum.. Pearson correlation analysis between antioxidant activity against free radicals and differential metabolites revealed that the strong 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging activity of the seeds of A. henryi K. Schum. and A. katsumadai was associated with their contents of alnustone and alpinetin, whereas the strong 2,2’-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) cation radical of A. blepharocalyx K. Schum. was related to its isorhamnetin-3-O-rutinoside and cinnamic acid contents. The findings suggested that A. katsumadai and A. henryi K. Schum. seeds were rich in bioactive substances, with their contents of alnustone, alpinetin, cardamonin, and pinocembrin meeting the Chinese pharmacopeial specifications, and they exhibited potent antioxidant activity. A. katsumadai was superior to A. henryi K. Schum. and A. blepharocalyx K. Schum.. In contrast, A. blepharocalyx K. Schum. contained more unique polyphenolic substances, whose composition and functions warrant further investigation. This study provides theoretical guidance for the selection of high-quality Chinese medicinal materials and the development of related products.

Key words: Alpinia katsumadai Hayata.; adulterants; metabolites; polyphenols; antioxidant

中图分类号:

S5-3

丁书仙，羊青，王清隆，王祝年，袁浪兴，冯世秀，刘梦婷，尹海全，张阿玲，王茂媛. 草豆蔻及其混用品多酚代谢物与抗氧化活性分析[J]. 食品科学, 2025, 46(11): 263-271.

DING Shuxian, YANG Qing, WANG Qinglong, WANG Zhunian, YUAN Langxing, FENG Shixiu,LIU Mengting, YIN Haiquan, ZHANG Aling, WANG Maoyuan. Polyphenolic Metabolites and Antioxidant Activities of Alpinia katsumadai Hayata. and Its Adulterants[J]. FOOD SCIENCE, 2025, 46(11): 263-271.

草豆蔻及其混用品多酚代谢物与抗氧化活性分析

Polyphenolic Metabolites and Antioxidant Activities of Alpinia katsumadai Hayata. and Its Adulterants

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