食品科学

• 基础研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

含天然酵母粉发酵面包的营养与老化特性及风味化合物特征

张 薇1,程晓燕1,黄卫宁1,*,李燕艳2,刘若诗3,张 峦3,RAYAS-DUARTE Patricia4   

  1. 1.江南大学 食品科学与技术国家重点实验室,江苏 无锡 214122;2.福建安麦高新生物技术有限公司,
    福建 泉州 362213;3.南京百合贝可生物科技有限公司,江苏 南京 211000;
    4.美国俄克拉荷马州立大学农产品与食品研究中心,俄克拉荷马州 斯蒂尔沃特 74078-6055
  • 出版日期:2014-12-15 发布日期:2014-12-15

Nutritional Properties, Staling Characteristics and Volatile Flavor Compounds of Natural Yeast Sourdough Bread

ZHANG Wei1, CHENG Xiao-yan1, HUANG Wei-ning1,*, LI Yan-yan2, LIU Ruo-shi3, ZHANG Luan3, RAYAS-DUARTE Patricia4   

  1. 1. State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China;
    2. Fujian Anmai High-Technology Biotechnology Co. Ltd., Quanzhou 362213, China;
    3. Nanjing Baihobake Biotechnology International Co. Ltd., Nanjing 211000, China;
    4. Food and Agricultural Products Research Center, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater 74078-6055, USA
  • Online:2014-12-15 Published:2014-12-15

摘要:

采用质构仪(texture anylyzer,TA)、差示量热扫描仪(differential scanning calorimetry,DSC)、高效液相色谱(high performance liquid chromatography,HPLC)以及固相微萃取-气相色谱-质谱联用(solid phase microextraction-gas chromatographic-mass spectrometry,SPME-GC-MS)技术,以普通酵母发酵面包为对照,分析天然酵母发酵面包营养特性(主要是游离氨基酸含量)、老化特性和挥发性风味化合物的特征。结果表明:1)天然酵母发酵显著提高了面包中12 种游离氨基酸的含量,包括缬氨酸、蛋氨酸、苯丙氨酸、异亮氨酸、亮氨酸、赖氨酸等人体必需氨基酸;2)天然酵母发酵降低了面包贮藏期内的硬度和老化焓值,延缓了面包的老化;3)天然酵母发酵增加了面包中风味化合物的种类,出现D-柠檬烯、3,7-二甲基-1-辛醇和2-甲基-1-癸醇等新的风味化合物,同时使各类风味化合物的相对含量发生变化;4)天然酵母发酵提高面包的总体可接受度,并获得更高的感官评定得分。

关键词: 天然酵母发酵面包, 游离氨基酸, 老化特性, 挥发性风味物质

Abstract:

In this study, the nutritional properties (mainly free amino acids), staling characteristics and volatile flavor
compound characteristics of natural yeast sourdough bread were analyzed by TA, DSC, HPLC and SPME-GC-MS
techniques, respectively. Compared with the common yeast bread, natural yeast fermentation significantly increased the
content of 12 kinds of amino acids in bread including valine, methionine, phenylalanine, isoleucine, leucine, lysine and
other essential amino acids. Meanwhile, natural yeast fermentation reduced the hardness and aging enthalpy of bread during
storage, delaying the staling of bread. Moreover, natural yeast fermentation enhanced the volatile flavor compounds of bread
by forming the new flavor compounds, D-limonene, 3,7-dimethyl-1-octanol and 2-methyl-1-decanol, while the relative
amount of each group of flavor compounds was changed. Furthermore, natural yeast fermentation improved the overall
acceptability of bread and obtained higher sensory evaluation scores.

Key words: natural yeast sourdough bread, free amino acids, staling properties, volatile flavor compounds

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