食品科学 ›› 2021, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (5): 61-67.doi: 10.7506/spkx1002-6630-20200217-172

• 基础研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

沙葱及其提取物对肉羊体脂4-烷基支链脂肪酸沉积与分布的影响

刘旺景,李书仪,段嘉钰,丁赫,乔亚杰,刘玉蓉,吕可欣,郭艳丽,敖长金   

  1. (1.甘肃农业大学动物科学技术学院,甘肃 兰州 730070;2.内蒙古农业大学动物科学学院,内蒙古 呼和浩特 010018)
  • 出版日期:2021-03-15 发布日期:2021-03-29
  • 基金资助:
    甘肃农业大学科研创新基金-公招博士科研启动基金项目(GAU-KYQD-2020-24); 内蒙古农业大学动物科学学院标志性成果专项资金项目(BZCG201902)

Effects of Dietary Supplementation of Allium mongolicum Regel and Its Extract on Deposition and Distribution of 4-Alkyl Branched-Chain Fatty Acids in Adipose Tissues of Lambs

LIU Wangjing, LI Shuyi, DUAN Jiayu, DING He, QIAO Yajie, LIU Yurong, LÜ Kexin, GUO Yanli, AO Changjin   

  1. (1. College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China;2. College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China)
  • Online:2021-03-15 Published:2021-03-29

摘要: 本实验旨在研究沙葱及其提取物对肉羊体脂4-烷基支链脂肪酸沉积与分布的影响。选取3 月龄体质量((23.67±3.43)kg)相近、体况良好的健康小尾寒羊公羊60 只,随机分为4 组,每组3 个重复,每个重复5 只。对照组饲喂基础日粮;实验组以每只羊计,分别在基础日粮中添加沙葱粉10 g/d、沙葱水提物3.4 g/d和沙葱醇提物2.8 g/d 。实验持续75 d,其中预试期15 d,正试期60 d。饲喂结束后,分别采集背部皮下脂肪、尾部脂肪、肾周脂肪和大网膜脂肪用于检测4-烷基支链脂肪酸的含量。结果表明:与对照组相比,日粮中添加沙葱粉、沙葱水提物和醇提物均能显著降低肉羊背部皮下脂肪、肾周脂肪和大网膜脂肪中4-甲基辛酸(4-methyloctanoic acid,MOA)的沉积量(P<0.000 1);日粮添加沙葱粉、沙葱水提物和醇提物能够显著降低背部皮下脂肪和肾周脂肪中4-乙基辛酸(4-ethyloctanoic acid,EOA)的沉积量(P<0.000 1);与对照组相比,3 组实验组大网膜脂肪中EOA的沉积量均有降低趋势(P=0.062 0);日粮添加沙葱粉、沙葱水提物和醇提物均能显著降低肾周脂肪中4-甲基壬酸(4-methylnonanoic acid,MNA)的沉积量(P=0.044 0);各实验组大网膜脂肪中MNA的沉积量与对照组相比均有降低趋势(P=0.066 0)。3 种支链脂肪酸在肉羊不同部位体脂的沉积量均呈尾部脂肪>背部皮下脂肪>大网膜脂肪>肾周脂肪的规律。相关性分析结果表明,背部皮下脂肪中MOA与EOA具有显著相关性([ρ]=0.610,P=0.001);肾周脂肪中MOA分别与EOA([ρ]=0.700,P=0.001)和MNA([ρ]=0.660,P=0.001)具有显著相关性,EOA与MNA间的相关性较弱([ρ]=0.570,P=0.004)。由此可见,沙葱及其提取物能够有效降低小尾寒羊背部皮下脂肪、肾周脂肪和大网膜脂肪中4-烷基支链脂肪酸的沉积,从而改善肉羊体脂风味。

关键词: 沙葱;提取物;体脂;4-烷基支链脂肪酸;特征风味

Abstract: The objective of this study was to determine the effects of dietary supplementation with Allium mongolicum Regel and its extract on the deposition and distribution of 4-alkyl branched-chain fatty acids in adipose tissues of lambs. Sixty 3-month-old small-tailed Han rams (averagely weighing (23.67 ± 3.43) kg) were selected and randomly divided into four groups in a randomized block design, each containing five animals in triplicates. Four feeding treatments were used: 1) a basal diet without any supplementation as the control group, 2) basal diet supplemented with Allicum mongolicum Regel powder at 10 g/d for each sheep as the AMR group, 3) basal diet supplemented with Allicum mongolicum Regel water extract at 3.4 g/d for each sheep as the AWE group, and 4) basal diet supplemented with Allicum mongolicum Regel ethanol extract at 2.8 g/d for each sheep as the AFE group. The experiment lasted for 75 days, including a 15-day preliminary feeding period for adaptation and a 60-day experimental feeding period. At the end of the experiment, perirenal, dorsal subcutaneous, tail, and greater omental adipose tissue samples were collected to determine the contents of 4-alkyl branched-chain fatty acids. The results demonstrated that compared with the control group, dietary supplementation with Allicum mongolicum Regel and its extracts significantly decreased the concentrations of 4-methyloctanoic acid (MOA) in perirenal, dorsal subcutaneous and greater omental adipose tissues (P < 0.000 1), as well as the concentrations of 4-ethyloctanoic acid (EOA) in perirenal and dorsal subcutaneous adipose tissues (P < 0.000 1), and reduced EOA concentrations in greater omental adipose tissue (P = 0.062 0). In addition, dietary supplementation with Allicum mongolicum Regel and its extracts significantly decreased the concentrations of 4-methylnonanoic acid (MNA) in perirenal adipose tissue (P = 0.044 0), and lowered MNA concentrations in greater omental adipose tissue (P = 0.066 0). The deposition of the three 4-alkyl branched-chain fatty acids in various adipose tissues showed a decreasing order as follows: tail > dorsal subcutaneous > greater omental > perirenal. The concentration of MOA in dorsal subcutaneous adipose tissue was significantly correlated with EOA concentration ([ρ] = 0.610, P = 0.001). The concentration of MOA in perirenal adipose tissue was significantly correlated with EOA concentration ([ρ] = 0.700, P = 0.001) and MNA concentration ([ρ] = 0.660, P = 0.001), and the correlation between EOA and MNA is weak ([ρ] = 0.570, P = 0.004). Therefore, Allicum mongolicum Regel and its extracts could reduce the deposition of 4-alkyl branched-chain fatty acids in dorsal subcutaneous, greater omental and perirenal adipose tissues thereby having the potential to improve lamb fat flavor.

Key words: Allium mongolicum Regel; extracts; adipose tissues; 4-alkyl branched-chain fatty acids; characteristic flavor

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