食品科学 ›› 2023, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (19): 385-393.doi: 10.7506/spkx1002-6630-20221020-196

• 专题论述 • 上一篇    

白酒大曲发酵过程中微生物群落及功能研究进展

薄涛,吕娜,杨凯环,张娇娇,张锦华,白宝清,田翔,范三红   

  1. (1.山西大学生物技术研究所,化学生物学与分子工程教育部重点实验室,山西 太原 030006;2.山西大学杏花村学院,山西 太原 030006;3.山西杏花村汾酒厂股份有限公司中国汾酒城管理中心,山西 汾阳 032200;4.山西大学生命科学学院,山西 太原 030006;5.山西农业大学农业基因资源研究中心,山西 太原 030031;6.农业农村部黄土高原作物基因资源与种质创制重点实验室,杂粮种质资源发掘与遗传改良山西省重点实验室,山西 太原 030031)
  • 发布日期:2023-11-07
  • 基金资助:
    山西大学杏花村学院开放基金项目(XCSXU-KF-202203;XCSXU-KF-202201;XCSXU-KF-202208;XCSXU-KF-202211); 山西省基础研究计划青年科学研究项目(202103021223148)

Recent Advances in Understanding the Composition and Functions of Microbial Community in the Fermentation of Baijiu Daqu

BO Tao, LÜ Na, YANG Kaihuan, ZHANG Jiaojiao, ZHANG Jinhua, BAI Baoqing , TIAN Xiang, FAN Sanhong   

  1. (1. Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Institute of Biotechnology, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China; 2. College of Xinghuacun, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China;3. China Fenjiu City Management Center, Xinghuacun Fenjiu Distillery Co., Ltd., Fenyang 032200, China;4. School of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China;5. Center for Agricultural Genetic Resources Research, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan 030031, China;6. Key Laboratory of Gene Resources and Germplasm Enhancement, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanxi Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Genetic Improvement of Minor Crops, Taiyuan 030031, China)
  • Published:2023-11-07

摘要: 传统白酒大曲发酵过程涉及极为复杂的微生物群落变化,这些微生物群落的共同作用决定了大曲的品质。解析大曲发酵过程微生物群落结构与功能是揭示其发酵机制、提出理性调控策略、稳定大曲质量的关键。因此,微生物群落及其功能一直是研究关注大曲的热点。本文围绕大曲微生物群落相关研究,总结不同类型白酒大曲中的微生物群落结构特点;对大曲发酵过程中微生物来源、微生物群落演替规律及其驱动因子、贮曲过程中微生物群落变化等相关研究进行综述;梳理参与大曲发酵的微生物的功能。在此基础上,对大曲微生物群落研究进行展望,旨在为大曲发酵机制研究提供参考。

关键词: 大曲;白酒;微生物群落;组学技术;传统发酵食品

Abstract: The fermentation process of traditional Baijiu Daqu involves extremely complex changes in microbial communities, and the microbial communities work collaboratively to determine the quality of Daqu. Analyzing the composition and functions of microbial community during Daqu fermentation is the key to revealing its fermentation mechanism, putting forward a rational control strategy and stabilizing the quality of Daqu. Therefore, microbial communities and functions have always been the focus of Daqu research. In this paper, the characteristics of microbial community structure in different types of Baijiu Daqu are summarized. The microbial sources involved in Daqu fermentation, the succession of microbial community and its driving factors, and the changes of microbial community during the storage period of Daqu are reviewed. The functions of microorganisms involved in Daqu fermentation are summarized. Finally, future research prospects are discussed. This review is expected to provide a reference for further research on the fermentation mechanism of Daqu.

Key words: Daqu; Baijiu; microbial community; omics technology; traditional fermented food

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