新疆喀什西梅酚类组分深入挖掘及功能品质关联分析

doi:10.7506/spkx1002-6630-20250519-114

食品科学 ›› 2025, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (22): 257-265.doi: 10.7506/spkx1002-6630-20250519-114

新疆喀什西梅酚类组分深入挖掘及功能品质关联分析

唐凌骁，李影，刘峰娟，米璐，徐雷，徐贞贞

（1.中国农业科学院农业质量标准与检测技术研究所，农业农村部农产品质量安全重点实验室，北京 100081；2.新疆维吾尔自治区农业科学院果蔬研究所，新疆?乌鲁木齐 830091；3.新疆维吾尔自治区农业科学院农业质量标准与检测技术研究所，新疆?乌鲁木齐 830091；4.中国农业大学食品科学与营养工程学院，北京 100083）

发布日期:2025-11-21
基金资助:
新疆维吾尔自治区“天池英才”引进计划项目；中国农业科学院农业科技创新工程项目（1610072025011）

Phenolic Compounds in Prunes (Prunus domestica L.) from Kashi, Xinjiang and Their Association with Functional Quality Traits

TANG Lingxiao, LI Ying, LIU Fengjuan, MI Lu, XU Lei, XU Zhenzhen

(1. Key Laboratory of Agro-food Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology for Agro-products, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; 2. Institute of Fruits and Vegetables, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, ürümqi 830091, China; 3. Institute of Quality Standards & Testing Technology for Agro-products, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, ürümqi 830091, China; 4. College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China)

Published:2025-11-21

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为探究新疆喀什地区西梅主栽品种的功能品质特征及酚类组分差异，本研究以新梅1号、新梅2号、红西梅和黄西梅为对象，采用理化分析方法结合超高效液相色谱-四极杆飞行时间质谱（ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry，UPLC-QTOF-MS），并联用反相液相色谱（reversed-phase liquid chromatography，RPLC）与亲水相互作用色谱（hydrophilic interaction chromatography，HILIC）技术，系统分析果实颜色、总酚含量（total phenolic content，TPC）、总黄酮含量（total flavonoid content，TFC）、总花色苷含量（total anthocyanin content，TAC）及酚类组分，通过方差分析、偏最小二乘判别分析（partial least squares discriminant analysis，PLS-DA）和Pearson相关性分析挖掘差异酚类及其与功能品质特征的关联。4 种西梅的功能品质特征存在显著差异，黄西梅的TPC（（279.66±6.29）mg/100 g）和TFC（（224.96±12.68）mg/100 g）最高，新梅2号的TAC（（49.11±2.10）mg/kg）显著高于其他品种。西梅中共鉴定出119 种酚类组分，包括黄酮类53 种、肉桂酸类19 种等，其中HILIC方法特异性检出2,6-二羟基苯甲酸等7 种极性酚类组分。通过PLS-DA筛选出44 种差异酚类，Pearson相关性分析表明其中19 种酚类与颜色指标、TPC、TFC和TAC呈显著相关，如黄西梅中儿茶素、原花青素B2与高TPC、TFC相关。RPLC与HILIC联合UPLC-QTOF-MS技术可以显著提升酚类组分检测覆盖度，分析差异酚类组分可为西梅品种鉴别及功能性产品开发提供理论支撑。

关键词: 西梅；酚类；代谢组学；超高效液相色谱-四极杆飞行时间质谱

Abstract: To investigate the differences in functional quality traits and phenolic compounds among major prune cultivars (Prunus domestica L.) in Kashi, Xinjiang, four cultivars-Xinmei 1 (XM-1), Xinmei 2 (XM-2), red prune (R), and yellow prune (Y)-were analyzed for color parameters, total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoids content (TFC), and total anthocyanins content (TAC). Untargeted metabolomics was performed by combining reversed-phase liquid chromatography (RPLC) and hydrophilic interaction chromatography (HILIC) coupled with ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-QTOF-MS). Differential phenolic compounds were identified by analysis of variance (ANOVA), partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA), and Pearson correlation analysis and their correlation with functional quality characteristics were investigated. Significant differences (P < 0.05) were observed among the four cultivars in functional quality traits; the yellow prune cultivar exhibited the highest TPC ((279.66 ± 6.29) mg/100 g) and TFC ((224.96 ± 12.68) mg/100 g), while Xinmei 2 had the highest TAC ((49.11 ± 2.10) mg/kg). A total of 119 phenolic compounds were identified, including 53 flavonoids and 19 cinnamic acid derivatives, with 7 polar phenolics (e.g., 2,6-dihydroxybenzoic acid) being uniquely detected by HILIC. PLS-DA revealed 44 differential compounds, and Pearson analysis indicated that 19 phenolics were significantly correlated with color indices, TPC, TFC, and TAC. Notably, catechin and procyanidin B2 in the yellow prune cultivar contributed to its high antioxidant capacity. The combination of RPLC/HILIC with UPLC-QTOF-MS can enhance the coverage of phenolic detection, and the identified differential phenolics provide theoretical support for the identification of prune cultivars and the development of functional prune products.

Key words: Prunus domestica L.; phenolics; metabolomics; ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry

中图分类号:

TS255.2

唐凌骁，李影，刘峰娟，米璐，徐雷，徐贞贞. 新疆喀什西梅酚类组分深入挖掘及功能品质关联分析[J]. 食品科学, 2025, 46(22): 257-265.

TANG Lingxiao, LI Ying, LIU Fengjuan, MI Lu, XU Lei, XU Zhenzhen. Phenolic Compounds in Prunes (Prunus domestica L.) from Kashi, Xinjiang and Their Association with Functional Quality Traits[J]. FOOD SCIENCE, 2025, 46(22): 257-265.

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新疆喀什西梅酚类组分深入挖掘及功能品质关联分析

Phenolic Compounds in Prunes (Prunus domestica L.) from Kashi, Xinjiang and Their Association with Functional Quality Traits

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