食品科学 ›› 2025, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (12): 226-232.doi: 10.7506/spkx1002-6630-20241104-016

• 营养卫生 • 上一篇    下一篇

基于肥大细胞脱颗粒模型研究牛乳外泌体的抗过敏活性

傅斯琪，刘艳，张超，杨帆，谢若凡，王晓东，李欣，陈红兵   

  1. （1.南昌大学?食品科学与资源挖掘全国重点实验室，江西?南昌 330047；2.南昌大学食品学院，江西?南昌 330047；3.南昌大学?江西省食物过敏重点实验室，江西?南昌 330047；4.南昌大学中德联合研究院，江西?南昌 330047）
  • 出版日期:2025-06-25 发布日期:2025-05-23
  • 基金资助:
    光明乳业股份有限公司乳业生物技术国家重点实验室开放基金项目（SKLDB2024-008）； 南昌大学食品科学与资源挖掘全国重点实验室开放项目（SKLF-KF-202205）； 南昌大学食品科学与资源挖掘全国重点实验室研究项目（SKLF-ZZB-202318）

Evaluation of the Anti-allergic Activity of Bovine Milk Exosomes Using Mast Cell Degranulation Model

FU Siqi, LIU Yan, ZHANG Chao, YANG Fan, XIE Ruofan, WANG Xiaodong, LI Xin, CHEN Hongbing   

  1. (1. State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China;2. College of Food Science & Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China;3. Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Allergy, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China;4. Sino-German Joint Research Institute, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China)
  • Online:2025-06-25 Published:2025-05-23

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摘要： 利用小鼠骨髓来源的肥大细胞（bone marrow-derived mast cell，BMMC）构建脱颗粒模型，探究牛乳来源外泌体（milk exosomes，M-Exo）的体外抗过敏活性。首先通过凝乳酶辅助法去除牛乳中酪蛋白，再通过超速离心提取M-Exo，然后对其进行表征。采用不同浓度的M-Exo干预致敏BMMC，测定活化后的β-氨基己糖胺酶（β-hexosaminidase，β-HEX）释放率和细胞因子的分泌量。结果表明：制备的M-Exo具有典型的茶托状双层膜结构，其粒径在30～200 nm范围内；M-Exo含有四次跨膜蛋白CD81、肿瘤易感基因101和热休克蛋白70标志蛋白，并进一步发现M-Exo能被BMMC摄取。在脱颗粒模型中证实可抑制β-HEX的释放率和下调肿瘤坏死因子-α、白介素-4（interleukin-4，IL-4）、IL-13的表达，且呈现剂量依赖关系，提示M-Exo具有一定的抗过敏活性。

关键词: 牛乳外泌体；表征；肥大细胞；脱颗粒；抗过敏

Abstract: A degranulation model was established using mouse bone marrow-derived mast cell (BMMC) to investigate the anti-allergic activity of milk exosomes (M-Exo). Casein was removed from cow’s milk using a rennet-assisted method, and then M-Exo was isolated from the milk by ultracentrifugation and characterized. Different concentrations of M-Exo were used to treat sensitized BMMCs, and the release rate of activated β-hexosaminidase (β-HEX) and cytokine secretion were measured. The results showed that the prepared M-Exo had a typical tea tray-like bilayer membrane structure, with particle size ranging from 30 to 200 nm. M-Exo contained exosome marker proteins CD81, tumor susceptibility gene 101 (TSG101) and heatshockprotein 70 (HSP70). It was further found that M-Exo could be taken up by BMMCs. In the degranulation model, it was confirmed that M-Exo could significantly inhibit the release rate of β-HEX and downregulate the expression of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-4 (IL-4), and IL-13 in a dose-dependent manner, indicating that M-Exo has anti-allergic activity.

Key words: milk exosomes; characterization; mast cells; degranulation; anti-allergic

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