新疆主产区榅桲品质综合评价、关键风味解析与产地判别

doi:10.7506/spkx1002-6630-20251204-042

食品科学 ›› 2026, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (9): 229-241.doi: 10.7506/spkx1002-6630-20251204-042

新疆主产区榅桲品质综合评价、关键风味解析与产地判别

丁真真，刘飞，苏婷婷，王学庆，石秀如，姜涵菲，王玉涛

（喀什大学生命与地理科学学院，新疆帕米尔高原生物资源与生态重点实验室，新疆喀什 844000）

出版日期:2026-05-15 发布日期:2026-06-03
基金资助:
自治区高校基本科研业务项目（XJEDU20259079）；第三次新疆综合科学考察项目（2022xjkk0201-04）；喀什大学科研创新团队培育计划项目

Comprehensive Quality Evaluation, Key Flavor Characterization, and Geographical Origin Discrimination of Quinces from Major Production Areas in Xinjiang

DING Zhenzhen, LIU Fei, SU Tingting, WANG Xueqing, SHI Xiuru, JIANG Hanfei, WANG Yutao

(Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Ecology in the Pamir Plateau, College of Life and Geographic Sciences, Kashi University, Kashi 844000, China)

Online:2026-05-15 Published:2026-06-03

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 系统解析新疆主产区榅桲品质与风味的地域差异并构建其产地判别方法。本研究以喀什市、泽普县、库尔勒市、博乐市、莎车县和策勒县6 个主产区榅桲为材料，构建涵盖外观、营养、抗氧化活性及挥发性风味成分的多维度品质评价体系。结果表明：不同产区榅桲的理化指标与营养指标差异显著（P＜0.05），策勒县产区榅桲总酸（46.90 g/L）和总抗氧化能力（205.43 μmol/g）最高。采用顶空-固相微萃取-气相色谱-质谱联用技术共鉴定出88 种挥发性化合物，其中泽普县产区酯类物质总量最突出，通过气味活性值筛选出12 种关键挥发性化合物，其中大马士酮被识别为潜在的共性关键香气物质。正交偏最小二乘判别分析（orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis，OPLS-DA）能有效区分不同产区样品，变量投影重要性分析进一步从果皮和果肉中分别筛选出5 项和14 项关键差异标志物，主要关联色泽、总酚、大马士酮及醛酯类成分。本研究构建的多维品质评价体系与OPLS-DA模型，可为新疆榅桲的资源分级、地理标志保护与产品开发提供理论依据。

关键词: 榅桲；品质评价；挥发性风味物质；正交偏最小二乘判别分析；产地判别

Abstract: This study aimed to investigate regional differences in the quality and flavor of quinces (Cydonia oblonga Mill.) from major production areas in Xinjiang and to establish a robust method for the geographical origin discrimination of this fruit. Quinces from six representative production regions (Kashi city, Zepu county, Korla city, Bole city, Shache county, and Cele county) were systematically analyzed for appearance, nutritional composition, antioxidant activity, and volatile flavor compounds. Based on these attributes, a comprehensive quality evaluation system was developed. Significant differences (P < 0.05) in physicochemical and nutritional indices were observed among quinces from different production regions. Samples from Cele county exhibited the highest titratable acidity (46.90 g/L) and total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC, 205.43 μmol/g). Headspace solid-phase microextraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (HS-SPME-GC-MS) identified 88 volatile compounds. The total ester content in samples from Zepu county was the highest among these production regions. Based on odor activity values, 12 key aroma-active compounds were identified, among which damascenone was found to be a potential common key aroma compound. Orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) effectively differentiated quinces from different geographical origins. Variable importance in projection (VIP) analysis further identified 5 and 14 key differential markers from the peel and pulp, respectively, which were primarily associated with color indices, total phenolics, damascenone, aldehydes, and esters. The integrated multi-dimensional evaluation system and the discriminant model established in this study provide a theoretical basis for the quality grading, geographical indication protection, and targeted product development of Xinjiang quince resources.

Key words: Cydonia oblonga; quality assessment; volatile flavor compounds; orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis; geographical origin traceability

中图分类号:

TS207.3

丁真真，刘飞，苏婷婷，王学庆，石秀如，姜涵菲，王玉涛. 新疆主产区榅桲品质综合评价、关键风味解析与产地判别[J]. 食品科学, 2026, 47(9): 229-241 https://doi.org/10.7506/spkx1002-6630-20251204-042

DING Zhenzhen, LIU Fei, SU Tingting, WANG Xueqing, SHI Xiuru, JIANG Hanfei, WANG Yutao. Comprehensive Quality Evaluation, Key Flavor Characterization, and Geographical Origin Discrimination of Quinces from Major Production Areas in Xinjiang[J]. FOOD SCIENCE, 2026, 47(9): 229-241 https://doi.org/10.7506/spkx1002-6630-20251204-042

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新疆主产区榅桲品质综合评价、关键风味解析与产地判别

Comprehensive Quality Evaluation, Key Flavor Characterization, and Geographical Origin Discrimination of Quinces from Major Production Areas in Xinjiang

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