食品科学

• 分析检测 • 上一篇    下一篇

顶空固相微萃取法提取菜籽油挥发性风味成分

谢 婧,徐 俐*,张秋红,吴宏云   

  1. 贵州大学生命科学学院,贵州 贵阳 550025
  • 出版日期:2013-06-25 发布日期:2013-06-17

Headspace Solid Phase Microextraction of Volatile Flavor Components from Rapeseed Oil

XIE Jing,XU Li*,ZHANG Qiu-hong,WU Hong-yun   

  1. College of Life Sciences, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
  • Online:2013-06-25 Published:2013-06-17

摘要:

以菜籽毛油为原料,分别采用水蒸气蒸馏萃取法、超临界流体萃取法(SFE)、顶空固相微萃取法(HSSPME)提取原料中挥发性风味成分,使用气相色谱-质谱法(GC-MS)进行分析,并针对最佳提取方法进行工艺优化。结果表明,顶空固相微萃取法因快速简便、无需溶剂及样品检测非破坏性等优点,适宜菜籽油风味成分的检出。最佳萃取条件为:以DVB/CAR/PDMS为萃取头,经磁力搅拌,萃取温度70℃,萃取时间30min,解吸时间3min。检出菜籽油主要挥发性风味成分47种,包括硫苷降解产物16种、氧化挥发物(烯、醛、醇类)10种、杂环类物质20种及苯环类物质1种。其中,硫苷降解产物以2-甲代-1-丙烯基氰、4-甲硫基-丁腈、3-丁烯腈及4-异硫氰基-1-丁烯为主,氧化挥发物以1,5-己二烯-3-醇和糠醛为主,杂环类物质则主要为吡嗪类化合物。

关键词: 菜籽油, 风味成分, 提取方法

Abstract:

In comparison with steam distillation extraction (SDE) and supercritical fluid extraction (SFE), headspace solid
phase microextraction (HS-SPME) was identified as a better method for sample pretreatment in the analysis of volatile
compounds of rapeseed oil by GC-MS due to its rapid, simple, solvent-free and nondestructive procedure. The optimal HSSPME
conditions were established by the use of a DVB/CAR/PDMS fiber and magnetic stirring, extraction temperature 70 ℃
extraction for 30 min and desorption for 3 min. A total of 47 major volatile compounds were found in rapeseed oil, including
16 degraded glucosinolate products, 10 oxidative volatiles (alkenes, aldehydes and alcohols), 20 heterocyelic compounds and
1 benzene compound. Predominant degraded glueosinolated products were methallyl cyanide, 4-(methylthio)-butanenitrile,
3-phenyl propionitrile and 4-isothiocyanato-1-butene. 1,5-Hexadien-3-ol and furfural were dominant among the identified
volatile oxidation components while pyrazines were main heterocyclic compounds in rapeseed oil.

Key words: rapeseed oil, volatile components, extraction methods