制油工艺对亚麻籽油品质及脂质伴随物含量的影响

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 考察冷榨、微波辅助冷榨、加速溶剂萃取、超临界CO2萃取、亚临界流体萃取5种不同制油工艺对亚麻籽油的得率、理化品质、典型脂质伴随物含量、体外抗氧化活性和氧化稳定性的影响。结果表明：微波辅助冷榨可显著提高亚麻籽油得率，与其他工艺相比增加了4.3%～10.66%（P＜0.05）。不同制油工艺亚麻籽油的理化品质虽有一定的差异，但均符合GB/T 8235-2019《亚麻籽油》。超临界CO2萃取对α-亚麻酸富集效果较好（54.06%），相比于其他工艺增加了3.70%～5.31%（P＜0.05）。制油工艺对亚麻籽油中典型脂质伴随物含量具有特异性影响，其中加速溶剂萃取和微波辅助冷榨油脂中生育酚、类胡萝卜素、叶绿素、黄酮和磷脂的含量较高。亚临界流体萃取油脂中植物甾醇总量较高（429.78599.33 mg/100 g），相比于其他工艺增加了5.07%～30.26%（P＜0.05）。超临界CO2萃取中总酚含量较高（13.60 mg/100 g），相比于其他工艺增加了7.77%～68.53%（P＜0.05）。此外，不同制油工艺亚麻籽油的体外抗氧化活性和氧化稳定性也具有显著性差异（P＜0.05），加速溶剂萃取和微波辅助冷榨油脂的氧化稳定性较好，自由基清除能力较强。冷榨、亚临界流体萃取和超临界CO2萃取油脂的氧化稳定性相对较差，但超临界CO2萃取油脂的铁离子还原能力较强。本研究系统地比较了不同制油工艺亚麻籽油的理化品质和典型脂质伴随物含量的差异，研究结果将对亚麻籽油的分类加工和靶向制取提供了较好的理论支撑。

关键词: 制油工艺, 亚麻籽油, 脂质伴随物, 抗氧化活性, 氧化稳定性

Abstract: This study aimed to investigate the effects of extraction techniques, including cold pressing, microwave pretreatment coupled with cold-pressed, accelerated solvent extraction, supercritical CO2 extraction, and subcritical fluid extraction on the yield, physicochemical properties, typical lipid concomitants content, oxidation stability and in vitro antioxidant capacity of flaxseed oil.The results showed that the microwave pretreatment coupled with cold-pressed method significantly increased the yield of flaxseed oil, which was 4.3%-10.66% higher when compared with other techniques（P＜0.05）. The supercritical CO2 extraction possessed a better potential on the accumulation of α-linolenic acid in flaxseed oil (54.06%), which was 3.70%-5.31% higher than other techniques（P＜0.05）. Moreover, the different extraction techniques had specific effect on the typical lipid concomitants in flaxseed oil. The highest content of tocopherols, carotenoids, chlorophyll, flavonoids and phospholipids was found in flaxseed oils obtained by accelerated solvent extraction and microwave pretreatment coupled with cold-pressed method. The subcritical fluid extraction significantly increased the contents of phytosterols in flaxseed oil (429.78599.33 mg/100 g), which was 5.07%-30.26%8.50%~%-68.48% higher than other techniques (P＜0.05). The flaxseed oil obtained by the supercritical CO2 extraction possessed the maximum total phenol contents (13.60 mg/100 g) when compared with other techniques. Notably, the extraction techniques had significant effects on the in vitro antioxidant capacity and oxidation stability of flaxseed oil (P＜0.05). The accelerated solvent extraction and microwave pretreatment coupled with cold-pressed flaxseed oils showed the highest oxidation stability and DPPH radical scavenging capacity than oils obtained by cold-pressed, subcritical fluid extraction and supercritical CO2 extraction, but supercritical CO2 extraction flaxseed oils has a strong iron ion reduction ability.. These results advocate the use of microwave pretreatment and accelerated solvent extraction for optimized flaxseed oil extraction.

Key words: extraction techniques, flaxseed oil, lipid concomitants, antioxidant capacity, oxidative stability

于坤邓乾春. 制油工艺对亚麻籽油品质及脂质伴随物含量的影响[J]. , 0, (): 0-0.

Kun YU Chun QianDENG. Effects of extraction techniques on the quality properties and lipid concomitants of flaxseed oil[J]. , 0, (): 0-0.

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