食品科学 ›› 2021, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (16): 39-45.doi: 10.7506/spkx1002-6630-20200709-131

• 食品化学 • 上一篇    下一篇

油茶籽油甾醇存在形态及其在精炼和贮藏过程中动态变化分析

贾文聪,方恩华,吴易峰,徐敦明,王晓琴   

  1. (1.华侨大学化工学院,福建 厦门 361021;2.华侨大学 油脂及天然产物研究所,福建 厦门 361021;3.厦门海关技术中心,福建 厦门 361013)
  • 发布日期:2021-08-27
  • 基金资助:
    福建省高校产学合作项目(2017N5010);“十三五”国家重点研发计划重点专项(2019YFC1605400); 华侨大学中青年教师科研提升资助计划项目(ZQN-PY417);华侨大学研究生科研创新基金资助项目(18013087011)

Speciation Analysis of Phytosterols in Camellia Seed Oil and Their Dynamic Changes during Refining and Storage

JIA Wencong, FANG Enhua, WU Yifeng, XU Dunming, WANG Xiaoqin   

  1. (1. College of Chemical Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, China; 2. Institute of Oil and Natural Product, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, China; 3. Technical Center of Xiamen Customs, Xiamen 361013, China)
  • Published:2021-08-27

摘要: 采用气相色谱-质谱联用技术对我国主要油茶籽油产品甾醇及存在形态进行分析,研究其在精炼和贮藏过程中的动态变化。结果显示:油茶籽油产品中共检测到9?种甾醇,均以结合和游离形态存在,总含量为3?072.87~5?713.48?mg/kg,其中以结合态甾醇为主,占97.4%~99.4%,主要甾醇化合物包括羊毛甾醇、β-香树脂醇、β-谷甾醇等;游离态甾醇受精炼工艺影响较大,精炼后含量降低了94.1%,结合态降低了25.1%,其中脱酸工艺对2?种甾醇影响均最大;在贮藏过程中,结合态和游离态甾醇含量分别下降12.0%和40.9%,结合态甾醇表现出更强的氧化稳定性;通过主成分分析及各性状荷载分析发现,结合态羊毛甾醇和游离态β-谷甾醇是油茶籽油的最主要特征成分,在油茶籽油中存在最为稳定。

关键词: 油茶籽油;游离态甾醇;结合态甾醇;精炼;贮藏

Abstract: Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was used for the speciation analysis of phytosterols in camellia seed oils from the 11 major producing regions in China, and the dynamic change of phytosterols during the refining and storage of camellia seed oils was investigated. The results showed that a total of nine sterols were detected at concentrations of 3 072.87–5 713.48 mg/kg in the oil samples, existing in bound and free forms, with the bound ones being dominant, accounting for 97.4%–99.4% of the total amount. The major sterols included lanosterol, β-amirin and β-sitosterol. After refining, the content of free sterols decreased by 94.1%, and the content of bound sterols decreased by 25.1%; the deacidification process affected both forms of sterols most. After storage, the contents of bound and free sterols decreased by 12.0% and 40.9%, respectively, suggesting that bound sterols showed stronger oxidation stability. Through principal component analysis (PCA), it was found that bound lanosterol and free β-sitosterol were the major characteristic components of camellia seed oil and were the most stable.

Key words: camellia seed oil; free sterols; bound sterols; refining; storage

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