食品科学 ›› 2026, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (2): 184-194.doi: 10.7506/spkx1002-6630-20250815-113

• 成分分析 • 上一篇    下一篇

塔罗科血橙3号留树保鲜期间品质综合评价及最佳采收期

刘茜,宋晓,聂馨玙,王凤怡,靳可婷,杨晓凤   

  1. (1.四川省农业科学院农业质量标准与检测技术研究所,四川 成都 610066;2.中国绿色食品发展中心,北京 100081)
  • 出版日期:2026-01-25 发布日期:2026-02-06
  • 基金资助:
    四川省科普培训项目(2025JDKP0033);四川省财政自主创新专项(2022ZZCX040)

Comprehensive Quality Evaluation and Optimal Harvest Time of Tarocco Blood Orange No. 3 during On-Tree Storage

LIU Qian, SONG Xiao, NIE Xinyu, WANG Fengyi, JIN Keting, YANG Xiaofeng   

  1. (1. Institute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology for Agro-products, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu 610066, China; 2. China Green Food Development Center, Beijing 100081, China)
  • Online:2026-01-25 Published:2026-02-06

摘要: 目的:探究塔罗科血橙3号在留树保鲜期间品质变化,构建全面的综合评价体系,并据此推荐最佳采收期。方法:采用2,4-二氯苯氧乙酸保鲜剂对柑橘果实进行喷施处理,分析并检测血橙3号在不同留树时间下的常规品质指标、农药残留、挥发性香气成分、类黄酮及酚酸含量的变化情况。同时,运用主成分分析和因子分析方法,对不同留树时间的样品进行综合评价。结果:在14 种不同留树时间的柑橘样品中,D-柠檬烯在挥发性香气成分总量中的占比最高,新橙皮苷在类黄酮总量中的占比最高,阿魏酸在酚酸总量中的占比最高。此外,留树保鲜期间,各个品质指标、挥发性香气成分、类黄酮和酚酸含量均呈现出显著差异。通过综合评价并结合农药残留量的分析,发现当柑橘留树保鲜至49 d时,其风味最佳,适口性最好,且安全风险低。结论:本研究建议将塔罗科血橙3号的最佳采收期定于每年3月底,可为延长柑橘上市时间、优化柑橘的风味、适口性及安全性提供数据支持。

关键词: 血橙3号;留树保鲜期;综合评价;最佳采收期

Abstract: Objective: To explore the quality changes of tarocco blood orange No. 3 during on-tree storage, establish a comprehensive evaluation system, and recommend the optimal harvest time based on the system. Methods: Oranges were sprayed with 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) sodium salt and evaluated for conventional quality indexes, pesticide residues, volatile aroma components, flavonoids and phenolic acids contents after different periods of on-tree storage. Comprehensive evaluation of the samples with different storage periods was performed using principal component analysis (PCA) and factor analysis. Results: In the 14 samples with different storage times, limonene accounted for the highest proportion of the total volatile aroma components, neohesperidin accounted for the highest proportion of the total flavonoids, and ferulic acid accounted for the highest proportion of the total phenolic acids. There were significant differences in quality indexes, volatile aroma components, flavonoids and phenolic acids contents among these samples. Comprehensive evaluation and pesticide residue analysis showed that blood oranges exhibited the best flavor and palatability as well as the lowest safety risk when kept on the tree for 49 days. Conclusion: This study recommended that the best harvest time for tarocco blood orange No. 3 is the end of March each year, thereby providing data support for prolonging the citrus market period and regulating the flavor, palatability and safety of citrus fruits.

Key words: blood orange No. 3; on-tree storage; comprehensive evaluation; optimal harvest time

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