Abstract:

Diet is one of the major and easiest factors to change or control the composition and metabolism of the gut
microbiota. The type, amount and balance of the main dietary macronutrients have a great impact on the population and
species of the intestinal microbiota. Meanwhile, the intestinal microbiota can affect the degradation of foods, other bacteria
and host health by producing particular metabolites according to substrates. This paper reviews the influence of main dietary
macronutrients on the gut microbiota, aiming to provide further understanding of how diet modulates the composition and
metabolism of the gut microbiota and new ideas to regulate them through diet.

Key words: carbohydrate, protein, fat, gut microbiota