Abstract: This study researched the effects of water extracts from six different species of edible mushroom, Flammulina velutipes, Lentinus edodes, Auricularia auricula, Pleurotus ostreatus, Agaricus bisporus and Pleurotus eryngii, on the microbial community composition and structure in the human intestine. Towards this goal, MiSeq PE250 Illumina nextgeneration sequencing platform was used to identify the sequence of the 16S rDNA V4 region from the bacterial cells. Sequencing results showed that different species of edible mushrooms had different impacts on the intestinal mictrobiota. Higher populations of Firmicutes were found in the Flammulina velutipes group, Bacteroidetes, Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus in the Lentinus edodes group, Bacteroidetes, Actinomycetes, Firmicutes, Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus in the Auricularia auricular group, Bacteroidetes, Actinomycetes, Firmicutes and Lactobacillus in the Pleurotus ostreatus group, Bacteroidetes and Actinomycetes in the Agaricus bisporus group, and Actinomycetes in the Pleurotus eryngii group.

Key words: edible mushroom, intestinal microorganism, anaerobic culture, high throughput sequencing technology (HTS)