Abstract: To make full use of nutrients in shrimp heads and reduce the waste of resources, this experiment investigated the extraction of phospholipids from shrimp heads and the lipidomic analysis of phospholipid fatty acyl chains by multi-dimensional tandem mass spectrometry and gas chromatography. Ethanol was used as extraction solvent, and the optimized parameters were determined as follows: ethanol concentration 90%, extraction temperature 50 ℃ and extraction time 30 min. The extraction yield under these conditions was (11.58 ± 0.03) mg/g, which was 83.8% higher than that before optimization. The obtained phospholipids were esterified before analysis of fatty acyl chains by gas chromatography and were identified and quantified by high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry in the negative-ion full scan mode. The results showed that the phospholipids contained 23 fatty acyl chains, including palmitic, linoleic, eicosapentaenoic and stearic acyl chain. The content of monounsaturated fatty acid chain was 9.51%, while that of polyunsaturated fatty acyl chain was 35.33%. A total of 28 phospholipids belonging to four classes (phosphatidyl choline, phosphatidyl ethanolamine, phosphatidyl inositol, and phosphatidyl serine) were detected in the phospholipid extract. The phospholipids obtained by this extraction method contained many highly unsaturated fatty acyl chains, such as 40:8, 36:7, 38:7, O-40:7, 40:7, 34:6, O-36:6, 36:6, O-38:6, 38:6, and 40:6. In conclusion, the abundant phospholipids from shrimp heads are highly worth developing and utilizing due to the high degree of unsaturation of their fatty acyl chains.

Key words: shrimp head, waste, phospholipids, lipidomics, mass spectrometry