Abstract: Obesity has become a global epidemic, posing a serious threat to the lives and health of people. The prevention and treatment of obesity have become a major public health challenge all over the world. More and more studies have shown that the gut microbiota is closely related to the occurrence and development of obesity. The regulatory mechanism of the gut microbiota on obesity has become a research hotspot. The microbiome-gut-brain axis is a bidirectional communication system between the intestine and the brain, which provides a path for the mutual integration and regulation between the brain and gut functions. Recent worldwide studies have shown that the microbiome-gut-brain axis plays an important role in the regulation of obesity, and many substances lower lipids and reduce body mass through this axis. This article reviews the current grim situation of obesity, the composition of microbiome-gut-brain axis and the underlying mechanism of obesity regulation, with the aim of providing ideas for the treatment of metabolic diseases such as obesity and providing directions for exploring the lipid-lowering mechanism of some substances.

Key words: gut microbiota; microbiome-gut-brain axis; obesity; intestinal hormone